Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Emergency Medicine: GU Emergencies
Emergency Medicine: GU Emergencies
38
Anatomy
Graduate
02/05/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
anuria:
Definition
< 100 ml/24 hours
Term
oliguria:
Definition
<500 ml/24 hours
Term
normal urine output:
Definition
1.5-2.0 L/day
Term
examples of causes for prerenal failure:
Definition
- decreased volume
- CHF
- sepsis
- post surgical
Term
Examples of intrinsic renal failure:
Definition
- tubular
- glomerular
- vascular
Term
examples of post-renal failure:
Definition
- tumor
- bph
- stones
- neuropathic
- traumatic
Term
A patient with chronic renal failure may show what on a CBC?
Definition
anemia
Term
Postvoid residual volume:
Definition
> 125 ml could indicate obstruction
Term
Risk factors for kidney stones:
Definition
- Male
- 20-50 y/o
- Prior history
- Family history
- Low fluid intake
- HTN (2 fold increased risk)
- Gout
- UTI
- Medications (Ceftriaxone, Acyclovir)
Term
If send pt home to pass kidney stone, what should you give them to help decrease the muslce tone of the ureter?
Definition
Tamsulosin (alpha blocker)> Nifedipine (CCB)

but be careful, Tamsulosin can cause rebound HTN
Term
stone greater than __mm refer to urology:
Definition
5 mm
Term
sudden onset of testicular pain with systemic symptoms in a child makes you think :
Definition
testicular torsion
Term
dipstick finding in almost all pts with pyelonephritis:
Definition
Pyuria
Term
Pyelo causes __ casts.
Definition
WBC
Term
First line tmt for pyelo:
Definition
Fluroquinolone 7 day course
Term
Alternative tmts for pyelo:
Definition
- Bactrim or Cephalsporin (Ceftriaxone) 7 day course
Term
Tmt for pyelo if suspect gram positive organism:
Definition
Augmentin
Term
Complicated Pyelo:
Definition
PEA
- Papillary necrosis
- Emphysematous pyelonephritis
- Abscess
Term
Risk factors for complicated pyelonephritis:
Definition
- Urinary obstruction
- Urologic dysfunction
- Antibiotic resistance pathogen
- Diabetis Mellitus
- Pregnancy

All of these should be admitted with broad spectrum abx.
Term
GC epididymitis tmt:
Definition
- Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM once
- Doxycycline 100 mg PO bid for 10 days
Term
Enteric epididymitis tmt:
Definition
Levofloxacin 500mg qd x 10 days
or Bactrim
Term
Most common urological diagnosis in men less than 50:
Definition
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis

(remember this is often found with epididymitis b/c STDS)
Term
Outpatient first and second line treatments for Prostatitis:
Definition
1st line: Levofloxacin 500 mg PO qd x 30 days
2nd line: Bactrim (TMP-SMZ) po qd x 30 days
Term
Outpatient tmt for prostatitis when GC is suspected:
Definition
IV Fluoroquinoline and Aminoglycoside
Term
General tmt for balanitis:
Definition
- Sitz bath
- Good hygiene
- No soap under foreskin
- No neomycin products
- Bactroban ointment 2x/day
Term
Tmt for fungal balanitis:
Definition
- Nystatin cream 2x/day for 2 weeks ( can add hydrocortisone cream also)
- Sitz bath
- Good hygiene
- No soap under foreskin
- No neomycin products
- Bactroban ointment 2x/day
Term
Causes of Priapism:
Definition
- Leukemia
- Cancer
- Sickle Cell Anemia
- Alcohol
- Drugs (cocaine, ecstasy, marijuana)
- Oral ed drugs RARELY cause this
- Infections (malaria, rabies)
- Toxins (black widow, scorpion)
- Carbon Monoxide
- Hypertriglyceridemia
- Spinal Cord injury
- CVA
- DM
Term
Tmt of Priapsims:
Definition
REFER TO UROLOGIST
- beta 2 agonist (Terbutaline) to increase venous outflow
- Aspiration, saline irrigation by urologist
- Alpha agonist injection (phenylephrine, epinephrine)
Term
additional tmt for priapism pt with sickle cell disease:
Definition
- IV fluids
- Oxygen
- Transfusions
Term
Fournier's Gangrene:
Definition
- Necrotizing fasciitis of perineum in men
- MC in DM
- Begins in anorectum, urogenital tract, or skin (anywhere with portal entry)
- almost always polymicrobial
Term
Fournier's Gangrene is almost always polymicrobial with the most common being:
Definition
- E. coli
- Strepotococcal species
- Staphylococcal species
- Anaerobic species
Term
Management of Fournier's Gangrene:
Definition
(SURGICAL EMERGENCY)
- Consult uro and general surgery
- IV fluids
- Ampicillin-Sulbactam (Unasyn)
- Piperacillin-Tazobactam (Zosyn)
- Pain control
- Surgical IandD
Term
Death from Fourneir's Gangrene is usually from:
Definition
- Sepsis
- Coagulopathy
- Acute Renal Failure
- DKA
- Multiple organ failure
Term
GU traumas that can be lethal:
Definition
- Shattered kidney (devascularized)
- Renal Vascular Laceration
Term
Signs of urethral injury (meaning do NOT place foley):
Definition
- Boggy/high riding prostate on rectal
- Perineal scrotal hematoma
- Blood in urethral meatus
Term
If you suspect urethral injury, what test should you do?
Definition
- Retrograde Urethrogram (KUB with contrast) to see if bladder fills
Term
If the foley cath reveals hematuria or you suspcet significant injury by history and exam, what tests could you run?
Definition
- Cystogram (bladder injury)
- CT with IV contrast (upper GU injury)
- Pelvic film (fractures)
Term
Suspect GU injury with:
Definition
- Lumbar fracture
- Rib fracture
- Pelvic fracture
- Flank hematoma
- Abnormal prostate
- Blood around meatus
- Gross hematuria
Supporting users have an ad free experience!