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Embryology: Fertilization
N/A
33
Anatomy
Graduate
08/27/2010

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Term
Corona Radiate
Definition
Nurturing cells for the developing egg
Term
Zona Pellucida
Definition
Glycoprotein-rich structure surrounding the developing egg
Term
Acrosome
Definition
Part of sperm surrounding the head that contains enzymes in order to digest the corona radiate and the zona pellucida
Term
7 Parts of the Human Sperm
Definition
1. acrosome
2. head
3. nucleus
4. neck
5. middle piece
6. principle piece
7. End piece
Term
Which part of the sperm contains mitochondria?
Definition
Middle Piece
Term
Day 0 in class is referred to as...
Definition
when fertilization actually occurs
Term
Enzyme which digests the corona radiate
Definition
hyaluronidase
Term
Esterases, acrosin and neuraminidase are all ______ that help ______ the _______.
Definition
enzymes, digest, zona pellucida
Term
Explain what the zona reaction is...
Definition
When one sperm breaks thru the zona pellucida. All of the other sperm is "frozen" in place by a gel-like substance which is released when the one sperm penetrates the zona pellucida.
Term
What happens when the plasma membrane of the oocyte and sperm fuse?
Definition
DNA from the sperm is injected into the egg
Term
When is meiosis COMPLETELY completed in the female?
Definition
Not until fertilization of the egg and sperm
Term
When can you distinguish the chromosomal sex of the embryo?
Definition
at the time of fertilization
Term
Morula is when there is __ number of cells within the _____ _______.
Definition
16, zona pellucida
Term
5 results of fertilization
Definition
1. completion of 2nd meiotic division
2. restoration of diploid number of chromosomes
3. determination of chromosomal sex of embryo
4. metabolic activation of the oocyte
5. initiation of cleacage
Term
During cleavage of the newly made diploid cell from fertilization which phase of mitosis is skipped ?
Definition
G1 is skipped
Term
the morula is developed typically on what day?
Definition
day 4
Term
the blasocyst is developed typically on what day(s)?
Definition
5-7
Term
At the end of week ONE what are the 2 layers of cells in the embryo?
Definition
inner cell mass and the trophoblast
Term
The trophoblast seperates into what two layers? and when?
Definition
cytotrophoblast and the syncytiotrophoblast; in the beginning of the second week.
Term
when does implantation occur and what structure actually does the implanting?
Definition
2nd week; syncytiotrophoblast
Term
what is the hormone that is detected during home pregnancy tests and what structure is responsible for secreting it?
Definition
gonadotropin or HCG; syncytiotrophoblast
Term
what does the inner cell mass divide into?
Definition
epiblast and hypoblast
Term
in week 2 a cavity appears in the _______ called the _______ cavity.
Definition
epiblast; amniotic
Term
the epiblast will give rise to _______ layer in week 3
Definition
ectoderm
Term
the hypoblast will give rise to _____ in week 3
Definition
endoderm
Term
The prechordal plate is the future site of what?
Definition
the mouth
Term
3 parts of the hypoblast are:
Definition
prechordal plate, yolk sac (primary and secondary), and extraembryonic mesoderm.
Term
blood will first be formed by what structure?
Definition
yolk sac
Term
the extraembryonic coelom is also known as the ...
Definition
chorionic cavity
Term
which type of extraembryonic mesoderm lines the amnion and cytotrophoblast?
Definition
extraembryonic somatic mesoderm
Term
what does the extraembryonic splanchnic mesoderm cover?
Definition
the yolk sac
Term
3 derivatives of extraembryonic mesoderm and which type they are associated with.
Definition
1. connecting stalk ; somatic
2. primitive blood ; splanchnic
3. chorion ; somatic
Term
fertilization occurs where?
Definition
in the distal uterine tube
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