Term
| What geological feature is important to Egypt and why? (three reasons) |
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Definition
The Nile River
1. As the waters receded, it left behind new layers of mineral-rich silt, so it helped them agriculturally.
2. Travel, communication and trade occurred along the river.
3. Allowed people to live there. |
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Term
| What was a disadvantage of living by the Nile? |
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Definition
| Annual floods in September destroyed homes and crops. |
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Term
| How was Egypt divided over time? |
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Definition
| It was divided into thirty dynasties and further divided into the Old, Middle and New Kingdoms. |
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Term
| Where was central government placed? |
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Definition
| On the pharaoh, who was considered a god on Earth. His role was to maintain the divine order of the universe. |
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Term
| What was the purpose of pyramids? |
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Definition
| They were used as burial chambers for pharaohs. |
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Term
| What was the administration like? |
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Definition
| It was complex bureaucracy that kept detailed records of the country's resources. |
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Term
| Why did Egypt keep such detailed records of resources? |
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Definition
| So that they could tax them. |
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Term
| What were the taxes used for? (five things) |
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Definition
They were used to pay for
1. The palace
2. The bureaucracy
3. The army
4. The building and maintaining of temples
5. The monuments to the pharaohs. |
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Term
| What was the Egyptian writing system like? |
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Definition
| Hieroglyphics. They were picture symbols standing for words and syllables. |
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Term
| Other than the dead pharaoh, what else was put in the pyramids? |
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Definition
| Pharaoh's belongings, including his advisors and slaves. In the belief that these thing would help the pharaoh in the afterlife. |
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Term
| What decreased the power of the pharaoh? |
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Definition
| The increasing use of hereditary administrative occupations. |
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Term
| What was the social hierarchy like? (four things) |
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Definition
1. King and high-ranking officials
2. Low-ranking officials, local leaders, priests, artisans.
3. Peasants (primarily farmers)
4. Slaves. |
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Term
| What did Egyptians often do to show respect to gods? |
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Definition
| They built new temples, gave lavish gifts, spent much of the country's wealth on religious purposes, held daily worships. |
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Term
| What is an advantage of Egyptian geography? |
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Definition
| Egypt was less vulnerable to attacks and was significantly more self-sufficient than Mesopotamia. |
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Term
| What happened around 3100 BCE? |
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Definition
| Several small states merged into a unified territory. Egypt maintained unity for 3000 years. |
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Term
| What god did Egyptians commonly believe that pharaohs were the incarnation of? |
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Definition
| Son of Horus or incarnation of Horus. |
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Term
| What geographical situation discredited the pharaohs? |
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Definition
| The Nile's failure to flood around 2200 BCE. |
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Term
| What did Egypt get from Mesopotamia? (four things) |
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Definition
1. Wheat
2. Barley
3. Egyptian pyramids probably influenced by Ziggurats.
4. Possibly writing system. |
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Term
| What did Egypt get from Sudan? (four things) |
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Definition
1. Gourds
2. Watermelon
3. Domesticated donkey and cattle
4. Divine kingship theory. |
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Term
| With whom did Egypt primarily trade? |
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Definition
| The Mediterranean civilizations. Middle Eastern civilizations, Nubia, and along the east African coast. |
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