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Ear
Medical School Gross Anatomy
33
Anatomy
Graduate
09/28/2011

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Cards

Term
How many regions is the ear composed of and what are they called?
Definition
3: External, inner, and middle
Term
What are the physical properties (in terms of composition) of the external acoustic meatus?
Definition
outer 1/3 cartilage, inner 2/3 bone
Term
What seperates the middle ear from the external ear?
Definition
Tympanic membrane
Term
What is the name for an infection of the outer ear?
Definition
Otitis Externus or swimmers ear
Term
What are the two divisions of the external ear?
Definition
1. Auricle:
2. External Acoustic meatus
Term
What are two important regions of the middle ear (especially when talking about infenction)?
Definition
Mastoid air cells of mastoid process and nasopharynx
Term
What is the part of the middle ear that opens into the nasopharynx?
Definition
Auditory tube
Term
What is the name for an infection of the middle ear?
Definition
otitis medius
Term
What are the bones of the middle ear?
Definition
The ausicles:
Incus
Malleus
Stapes
Term
What forms the roof of the middle ear?
Definition
Petrous part of temporal bone (middle cranial fossa)
Term
What critical structure can be affected when the roof of the middle ear has a bad enough fracture or infection?
Definition
Remember that the roof of the middle ear is composed of the petrous part of the temporal bone. Compromise here can have adverse affects on the temporal lobe of the brain (specifically meninges surrounding it)
Term
What important structure sits just below the floor of the middle ear?
Definition
Jugular foramen (has nerves 9,10, and 11 and the internal jugular vein)
Term
What muscle attaches to the malleus and what is it enervated by?
Definition
Tensor tympani malleus. CN V3 (mandibular)
Term
What muscle attaches to the stapes and what is it enervated by?
Definition
Stapedius, enervated by Cranial Nerve 7
Term
What happens when the muscles attached to the ossicles contract?
Definition
Prevent vibration, dampen sound
Term
What nerve runes can be found near the lateral wall of the middle ear, running over the malleus?
Definition
Chorda Tympani (CN VII)
Term
What is the cone of light? Where is it found?
Definition
Cone of light is an opacity in the lower anterior quadrant (II) where infections can be detected
Term
In which quadrants is the Chorda Tympani found?
Definition
Upper anterior and upper posterior quadrant (IV and I)
Term
In what quadrant is the Stapedius muscle found?
Definition
Quadrant III, Lower Posterior Quadrant
Term
What are the major structures of the medial wall of the middle ear?
Definition
Stapes,
Promontory,
Tympanic Plexus (CN IX)
Lesser Petrosal nerve (CN IX)
Tympanic branch of CN IX
Term
What is the promontory?
Definition
The first turn of the cochlea
Term
What are the major structures associated with the anterior wall ear?
Definition
Tensor tympani muscle, auditory tube, and internal carotid artery
Term
What are the major structures associated with the posterior wall of the middle ear?
Definition
Aditus (opening) to the mastoid,
Stapedius muscle
Term
What are the major structures associated with the lateral wall of the middle ear?
Definition
Malleus,
Chorda Tympani,
Tympanic Membrane
Term
What is the ganglion that contains cell bodies associated with balance?
Definition
Vestibular ganglion,CN 8
Term
What ganglion is associated with hearing?
Definition
Spiral ganglion, CN 8
Term
What are the labryniths of the innner ear?
Definition
Bony and membranous
Term
What is the name of the opening into the innner ear?
Definition
Vestibule
Term
Canals of the inner ear are what kind of labrynith?
Definition
Bony
Term
Cochlea is what kind of labryinth?
Definition
Bony
Term
What is the secondary tympanic membrane covering?
Definition
Cochlear window
Term
Ducts are associated with what kind of labryinth?
Definition
membranous labrynth
Term
Compression at the internal acoustic meatus would affect which nerves?
Definition
Facial and Vestibulocochlear nerve
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