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37
Anatomy
Post-Graduate
05/05/2012

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Term
1.     4 outcomes of acute inflammation.
Definition
1) COMPLETE RESOLUTION, 2) HEALING BY FIBROSIS/ORGANIZATION, 3) ABSCESS FORMATION, 4) CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
Term
2.     Abscess formation generally leads to _____ necrosis.
Definition
LIQUEFACTIVE NECROSIS
Term
3.     Liquefactive necrosis is generally causes by _____ infections.
Definition
BACTERIAL (STREPTO AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS)
Term
4.     _____ is inflammation of prolonged duration (weeks, months, years or life) in which active inflammation, tissue destruction, and attempts at healing are all proceeding simultaneously.
Definition
CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
Term
5.     3 causes of chronic inflammation that can arise without a pre-existing acute inflammatory component.
Definition
1) PERSISTENT MICROBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS, 2) PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO EXOGENOUS OR ENDOGENOUS TOXIC AGENTS, 3) AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE
Term
6.     The predominant cell of granulomatous inflammation is the _____, which possesses a modified epithelial (epithelioid) like appearance.
Definition
ACTIVATED MACROPHAGE
Term
7.     5 cell types involved in granulomatous inflammation.
Definition
1) MULTINUCLEATED GIANT CELLS, 2) LYMPHOCYTES, 3) NECROSIS, 4) FIBROBLASTS, 5) ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES
Term
8.     _____ is a focal area of granulomatous inflammation consisting of a central zone of necrosis surrounded by microscopic aggregates of epithelioid cells, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts.
Definition
GRANULOMA
Term
9.     4 general causes of granuloma formation.
Definition
1) IMMUNE REACTIONS, 2) CHRONIC IRRITATION, 3) UNDIGESTIBLE FOREIGN MATERIAL, 4) UNKNOWN CAUSES
Term
10.  6 specific causes of granulomatous inflammation.
Definition
1) TB, 2) LEPROSY, 3) SYPHILIS, 4) SARCOIDOSIS, 5) FUNGAL INFECTION, 6) SUTURE
Term
11.  4 morphologic patters in acute and chronic inflammation.
Definition
1) SEROUS INFLAMMATION, 2) FIBRINOUS INFLAMMATION, 3) SUPPURATIVE INFLAMMATION, 4) ULCERATION
Term
12.  _____ inflammation is thin/watery inflammation.
Definition
SEROUS INFLAMMATION
Term
13.  _____ inflammation is thick gooey inflammation that has a lot of protein.
Definition
FIBRINOUS INFLAMMATION
Term
14.  _____ is when we separate the pericardium and myocardium and we see a stringy like complexion.
Definition
FIBRINOUS PERICARDITIS
Term
15.  _____ inflammation occurs in pyogenic infections.
Definition
SUPPURATIVE (PURULENT) INFLAMMATION
Term
16.  _____ is a condition that has suppurative/purulent inflammation.
Definition
MENINGITIS
Term
17.  _____ inflammation is erosion of the epithelium lining.
Definition
ULCERATION
Term
18.  _____ is an example of ulceration.
Definition
PEPTIC ULCER
Term
19.  Repair mechanisms following acute and chronic inflammation involve these 4 components.
Definition
1) ANGIOGENESIS, 2) MIGRATION AND PROLIFERATION OF FIBROBLASTS, 3) DEPOSITION OF EXTRACELLUR MATRIX, 4) REMODELING OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Term
20.  _____ is migration and proliferation of endothelial cells.
Definition
ANGIOGENESIS
Term
21.  _____ cells are responsible for secreting extracellular matrix (scar tissue).
Definition
FIBROBLASTS
Term
22.  Fibroblasts form scar tissue by laying down _____.
Definition
COLLAGEN
Term
23.  _____ are cells responsible for having a contractile ability that aids in helping the contracture of a wound minimizing scar formation.
Definition
MYO-FIBROBLASTS
Term
24.  The older the scar the more _____ it is.
Definition
STURDY
Term
25.  _____ is the hallmark tissue of early healing by fibrosis.
Definition
GRANULATON TISSUE
Term
26.  _____ is the earliest form of scarring (pre-scar).
Definition
GRANULATON TISSUE
Term
27.  4 components of granulation tissue.
Definition
1) PROLIFERATING SMALL CAPILLARIES, 2) PROLIFERATING FIBROBLASTS/MYOFIBROBLASTS, 3) EXTRACELLULAR FLUID, 4) MACROPHAGES
Term
28.  4 functions of granulation tissue.
Definition
1) FILLS IN TISSUE GAPS, 2) REMOVES DEAD CELL DEBRIS, 3) AIDS IN WOUND CONTRACTION, 4) FORM EARLY PRE-SCARS
Term
29.  _____ is healing by primary union/intention.
Definition
SKIN WOUND HEALING
Term
30.  7 steps in the mechanism of skin-wound healing by primary union/intention.
Definition
1) BLOOD CLOT FILLS INCISIONAL SPACE, 2) NUTROPHL INFILTRATION, 3) EPITHELIAL CONTINUITY RESTORED, 4) MACROPHAGE INFILTRATION, 5) GRANULATION TISSUE FILLS SPACE, 6) PROGRESSIVE COLLAGENIZATION, 7) REMODELING
Term
31.  4 steps in the mechanism of skin-wound healing by secondary union/intention.
Definition
1) LARGE AMOUNTS OF GRANULATION TISSUE ARE REQUIRED, 2) INFLAMMATORY REACTION IS MORE PROLONGED, 3) MORE DEBRIS AND INFLAMMATORY EXUDATE, 4) MORE PRONOUNCED SCAR FORMATION
Term
32.  7 local factors which influence wound healing.
Definition
1) TYPE, 2) SIZE, 3) LOCATION, 4) VASCULAR SUPPLY, 5) INFECTION, 6) MOVEMENT
Term
33.  3 systemic factors which influence wound healing.
Definition
1) CIRCULATORY STATUS, 2) INFECTION, 3) MALNUTRITION
Term
34.  _____ is a complication of normal wound healing when there is excessive granulation tissue.
Definition
PROUD FLESH
Term
35.  _____ is a complication of normal wound healing when there is hypertrophic scar formation/excessive collagen deposition.
Definition
KELOID FORMATION
Term
36.  _____ is a complication of normal wound healing caused by mechanical stress, usually seen in abdominal and open heart surgery.
Definition
WOUND DEHISCENCE
Term
37.  _____ is a complication of normal wound healing when there is excessive wound contraction caused by excessive myo-fibroblast activity.
Definition
CONTRACTURE
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