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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| convert from hyphae to yeast |
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Term
| Hyphae (filaments) grow to form ___ and surface growth is ___. __ for regular cross walls. _____ lacks cross walls. |
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Definition
- grow to form mycelium
- growth is mold
- septate form cross walls
- non-septate don't form cross walls |
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Definition
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| Candida does ___ __ which looks like regular septate (cross walls). |
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Definition
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Term
| inhalation of fungal spores causes: |
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Definition
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Term
| traumatic implantation of fungus is likely: |
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Definition
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Term
| opportunistic fungal infection: |
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Definition
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Term
| Fungus allergic reaction: |
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Definition
| Bronchopulmonary aspergillosis |
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Term
| special agars for fungus: |
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Definition
- Sabouraud's agar
- blood agar medias |
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Term
| hypopigmented spots on skin: |
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Definition
Pityriasis versicolor= Malassezia furfur= Tinea versicolor
caused by infection with type of yeast that normally lives on skin |
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Term
| 3 superficial skin keratinophillic fungal inections: |
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Definition
- Pityriasis versicolor
- Dermatophytes (ring worm)
- Candida |
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Definition
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Term
| In a skin scraping with suspected fungus do a: |
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Definition
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Term
| fungus that causes Pityriasis versicolor: |
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Definition
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Term
| Trichophyton is a dermatophyte affecting _, __, and __. |
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Definition
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Term
| Microsporum is a dermatophyte that affects __ and __. |
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Definition
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Term
| Epidermophyton is a dermatophyte that infects __ and __. |
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Definition
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Term
| Dermatophytes are contagious transmitted by: |
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Definition
- fomites
- hats
- combs
- shower floors
- animals
- person to person |
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Term
| Tinea unguium is due to ___ ___, affects right and left great toes, thicken, discolored, and brittle. |
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Definition
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Term
| with training you can identify tinea on KOH prep by their __ __ __. |
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Definition
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Term
| fungus on roses, thorns, hay, sphagnum moss, twigs, soil: |
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Definition
Sporotrichosis aka Rose Gardner's Disease
CAUSED SPOROTHRIX SCHENCKII |
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Term
| Rose Gardners Disease manifestations: |
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Definition
- cutaneous nodule at site of implantation
- nodule ulcerates
- nodules and ulcers develop along lymphatic flow
PROUDCES PAINLESS ULCERS ON THE SKIN THAT ARE PAINLESS BUT DO NOT HEAL AND REGIONAL LYMPH NODE ENLARGEMENT
aka SPOROTRICHOSIS |
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Term
| Predisposing conditions for infection: |
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Definition
- diabetes
- continous moisture
- antibiotic use |
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Term
| important dimorphic fungi: |
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Definition
Haley Ben College Station.
Histoplasma
Blastomyces
Coccidioides
Sporothrix |
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Term
| Fungi that can cause pneumonia and sytemic infections: |
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Definition
HCBC
Histoplasma
Coccidiodes
Blastomyces
Cryptococcus |
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Term
| Identify cryptococcus neoformans with ___ __ stain. |
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Definition
India ink
CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS HAPPENS IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS |
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Term
| Opportunistic fungal infections: |
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Definition
- Aspergillus
- Candida
- Cryptococcus
- Mucor and Rhizophus
- Pneumocystis carinii |
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Term
| most common fungus in United States: |
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Definition
- Histoplasma capsulatum
Endemic in Ohio, Missouri, and Mississippi river valleys |
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Term
| damp soil rich in organic material like bird/bat droppings. Commonly found in chicken and pigeon coops, old barns, caves, and parks. What fungus? |
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Definition
| Histoplasmosis capsulatum |
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Term
| characteristic pathologic finding of histoplasmosis: |
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Definition
intracellular, small, round oval yeast-like cells in tissue
on chest xray: diffuse reticulonodular infiltrate and hilar lymph node enlargement |
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Term
| The fungus responsible for San Joaquin Valley Fever: |
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Definition
| Coccidioides immitis = coccidiodomycosis |
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Term
| fungus that is endemic in Southwestern US and other lower Sonoran climates of Central America and South America: |
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Definition
| Coccioides immitis aka San Joaquin Valley Fever aka coccidioidomycosis |
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Term
| Cocoidioides immitis spores are inhaled and deposit in the lower airways whre they develop into: |
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Definition
- spherules> rupture and release more endospores
primary infection= mononuclear infiltrate> subsequent conversion to polymorphonuclear |
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Term
| This is a fungus that lives in soil with organic debris (rotting wood, animal droppings, plant material). It infects people collecting firewood, tearing down buildings, or engaged in outdooor activities that disturb the soil. It occurs in EASTERN NORTH AMERICA AND AFRICA. |
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Definition
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Usually affects skin or respiratory tract, but can affect bone, prostate, and other organs. |
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Term
| what fungus is inhaled as conidia and transformed at body temperature to the yeast phase, thereby exhibiting thermal dimorphism? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cryptococcus neoformans usually manifests itself as __ but in recent years has been causing increasing incidences of ___ __. |
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Definition
- meningitis
- pulmonary disease |
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Term
| A spherical, single cell, yeast surrounded by a capsule: |
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Definition
| Cryptococcus neoformans, produces narrow based buds |
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Term
| Opportunistic fungal infection that is long uniform septate hyphae, small airborne conida, found in moldy organic material like food, wet ceiling tiles, and compost. It is small enough to reach the alveoli. |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 main disease Aspergillus causes: |
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Definition
- Allergic bronchopulmonary asperigillosis
- Fungal ball aka Aspergilloma in preexisiting lung cavity (TB) without invasion
- Invasive aspergillosis- extreme neutropenia, cough up hyphae in bronchial plugs |
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Term
| What are the 2 saprophytic molds and name 4 of their common characteristics: |
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Definition
- Rhizopus
- Mucor
- in organic debris
- transmitted by airborne spores
- immunocompromised patients
- non-septate filamentous hyphae |
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Term
| Where do Rhizopus and Mucor proliferate? |
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Definition
- blood vessel walls expecially in paranasal sinuses, gut, lungs> cause infarct in these tissues
identified via biopsy |
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Term
| what fungus causes rhinocerebral infections in diabetic patients and those on chemo receiving deferoxamine, an iron chelating drug? |
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Definition
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Term
| Gram positive rod bacteria that forms branching long filaments like fungal hyphae: |
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Definition
Actinomyces:
- Actinomyces israelii- anaerobic
- Norcadia asteroides- aerobic |
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Term
| gram positive rod bacteria that forms long filaments. Part of normal flora of oropharynx, GI tract, and female genital tract. Forms accumulations known as SULFUR GRANULES with clusters of polymorphonuclear cells. Pus may have a GRAINY apperance due to sulfur granules. |
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Definition
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Term
| Weakly acid fast bacteria that causes pulmonary infections and may progress to form absesses in the sinus tract. It is a long filamentous organism that is red. It is GRAM VARIABLE with beaded appearance of alternating gram positive and gram negative segments along a filament. |
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Definition
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Term
| Atypical pneumonia caused by fungus. In AIDS patients, those with organ transplants, and in premature babies. Interstitial pneumonia. Ground glass appearance on xray. Tissue shows FOAMY ALVEOLI, silver stain shows SAUCER SHAPED CYSTS. |
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Definition
| Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) |
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