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Details

Directional Terms
Table A1 p 30
17
Anatomy
Post-Graduate
08/28/2012

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Cards

Term
Ventral
Definition
Toward the front or belly

The aorta is ventral to the vertebral column
Term
Dorsal
Definition
Toward the back or spine

The vertebral column is dorsal to the aorta
Term
Anterior
Definition
Toward the ventral side

Sternum is anterior to the heart

Leads the way in normal locomotion
Term
Posterior
Definition
Toward the dorsal side

Esophagus is posterior to the trachea
Term
Cephalic
Definition
Toward the head or superior end

Cephalic end of the embryonic neural tube develops into the brain
Term
Rostral
Definition
Toward the forehead or nose

Forebrain is rostral to the brainstem
Term
Caudal
Definition
Toward the tail or inferior end

Spinal cord is caudal to the brain
Term
Superior
Definition
Above

Heart is superior to the diaphragm
Term
Inferior
Definition
Below

Liver is inferior to the diaphragm
Term
Medial
Definition
towards middle

Heart is medial to the lungs
Term
Lateral
Definition
away from the midline

The eyes are lateral to the nose
Term
Proximal
Definition
closer to the point of attachment or origin

toward shoulder or hip
Term
Distal
Definition
farther from the point of attachment or origin

fingernails are distal ends of the fingers
Term
Ipsilateral
Definition
on the same side of the body

live is ipsilateral to the appendix
Term
Contralateral
Definition
On opposite sides of the body

the spleen is contralateral to the liver
Term
Superficial
Definition
closer to the body surface

skin is superficial to the muscles
Term
Deep
Definition
farther from the body surface

bones are deep to the muscles
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