Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Digestive system
unit 5
53
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
04/25/2017

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Mechanical processing, saliva turns food into bolus
Definition
oral cavity
Term

Enzymatic digestion and
absorption of water, organic
substrates, vitamins, and ions

Definition
Small intestine
Term

Secretion of bile (important
for lipid digestion), storage of
nutrients, many other vital
functions

Definition
Liver
Term

Storage and concentration of
bile

Definition
Gall bladder
Term

Exocrine cells secrete buffers
and digestive enzymes;
endocrine cells secrete
hormones

Definition
pancreas
Term

Dehydration and compaction
of indigestible materials in
preparation for elimination

Definition
large intestine
Term

Secretion of lubricating fluid
containing enzymes that
break down carbohydrates

Definition
salivary glands
Term

Muscular propulsion of
materials into the esophagus

Definition
pharynx
Term

Transport of materials to the
stomach

Definition
esophogus
Term

Chemical breakdown of
materials via acid
and enzymes; mechanical
processing through muscular
contractions

Definition
stomach
Term
Layers of GI tract from most deep to superficial
Definition

1. mucosa

2. submucosa

3. muscularis 

4. serosa

Term
Secretes mucous to line the walls of the GI tract for protection-simple columnar epithelium-gobles cells
Definition
mucosa
Term
loose connective tissue, nerve endings, blood capillaries
Definition
submucosa
Term
smooth muscle, 2 layers(circular layer &longitudal layer) 3rd layer in the stomach oblique
Definition
muscularis
Term
visceral peritoneum,serous membrane, somple squamous epithelium
Definition
serosa
Term

propels materials along the length of the
digestive tract by coordinated contractions of the circular
and longitudinal layers.

Definition
peristalsis
Term

movements primarily involve the circular
muscle layers. These activities churn and mix the contents of
the digestive tract, but do not produce net movement in a
particular direction. (only in small intestine)

Definition
segmentation
Term

The first part of mechanical digestion is

 

Definition
Mastication
Term

The common space used by both the respiratory and digestive systems is the

 

Definition
Pharynx
Term

Which tunic of the alimentary canal contains the lamina propria?

 

Definition
mucosa
Term

Check all that are characteristics of the esophagus.

 

Definition

The mucosa is composed of thick, nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

 

The two layers of muscle in the superior one-third of the muscularis are skeletal.

Term

Check all that are a function of the esophagus.

 

Definition

 

Movement of a bolus of food from the pharynx to the stomach.

Prevent materials from returning from the stomach.

Term
Swallowing phase
Definition

1. voluntary phase

2.pharyngeal phase

3.esophogeal phase

Term

Which of the following processes does the following functions: protect and lubricate the GI wall, chemical digestion, and pass material through the GI tract?

 

Definition
Secretio
Term

 

The stomach has a __________ epithelium containing _________ cells.

Definition

simple columnar; surface mucous

Term
Mucin
Definition
surface mucous cell
Term
acidic mucin
Definition
mucous neck cell
Term
hydrochloric acid & intrinsic factor
Definition
parietal cell
Term
pepsinogen
Definition
chief cell
Term
slows down passage of materials
Definition
circular folds
Term
secrete digestive hormones
Definition
enteroendocrine cells
Term
contain enderoendocrine cells
Definition
intestinal glands
Term
deep to mucosa; secrete alkaline mucin
Definition
submucosal glands
Term

Trace the path of bile through the biliary apparatus, beginning at the liver, moving to the gallbladder, and ending at the small intestine.

 

Definition

Left and right hepatic ducts

Common hepatic duct

Gallbladder

Common bile duct

Hepatopancreatic ampulla

 

Major duodenal papilla

Term

 

What is the function of bile?
Definition
Break down fats to assist in their chemical digestion
Term

 

Which of the following is false regarding the pancreas? 
Definition
Term
pancreatic acinar cells secrete:
Definition

Digestive enzymes

& mucin

Term

 

Definition
Term

 

Select all that are true regarding the small intestine.
Definition

The “brush border” is composed of microvilli.

The epithelium is simple columnar with goblet cells.

Term
As material moves through the large intestine, in what order does it pass through these structures?
 
Definition

cecum

ascending colon

transverse colon

left colic flexure

descending colon

sigmoid flexure

rectum

anal canal

 
Term

 

Check all that line the mucosa of the large intestine.
Definition

Simple columnar epithelium

Goblet cells

Intestinl glands

Term
4. Originates at the ileocecal valve; is retroperitoneal
 
Definition
Ascending colon
Term
1. Originates at the right colic flexure; is retroperitoneal
Definition
transverse colon
Term
1. Originates at the left colic flexure; is retroperitoneal
Definition
descending colon
Term
Which of the following are primary organs of the urinary system? Check all that apply.
Definition

Kidneys

Ureters

Urinary bladder

Urethra

Term
4. Reservoir for urine until micturition occurs 
 
Definition
urinary bladder
Term

 

The functional filtration unit of the kidney is the 
 
 
Definition
nephron
Term

 

The major calices merge to form a single, funnel-shaped 
Definition

 

renal pelvis
Term

 

Blood vessels, nerves and the renal pelvis enter/exit the kidney at the 
Definition
Hilum
Term
Bolus passes involuntarily from the esophagus to the stomach.
Definition
Esophageal phase
Term
2. Occurs after ingestion; chewing forms a bolus.
Definition
voluntary phase
Term
3. Bolus passes involuntarily from the pharynx to the esophagus.
Definition
Pharyngeal phase
Term
As bile is produced and secreted, what structures or cells does it encounter? Put them in order, beginning with bile production.
Definition
Hepatocyte
Bile canaliculus
Common hepatic duct
Cystic duct
Gallbladder
Supporting users have an ad free experience!