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Digestive System Part 1
Human Anatomy - Dr. Gardner
65
Anatomy
Not Applicable
11/23/2011

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Cards

Term
Wht is the branch of medicine concerned with the structure, functions, diseases, and pathology of the stomach and intestines?
Definition
Gastroenterology
Term
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
Definition
To prepare food for cellular respiration
Term
What are the two categories of organs that make up the digestive system?
Definition
Digestive Organs
Accessory Digestive Organs
Term
The oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine make up what portion of the digestive system?
Definition
Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract
Term
The teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancras make up what portion of the digestive system?
Definition
Accessory Digestive Organs
Term
List the six main functions of the digestive system.
Definition
Ingestion
Digestion
Peristalsis
Secretion
Absorption
Elimination
Term
What function of the digestive system involves the introduction of solid and lipuid nutrients into the oral cavity?
Definition
Ingestion
Term
What function of the digestive system involves the breakdown of large food items into smaller structures and molecules?
Definition
Digestion
Term
What aspect of digestion involves the break down of ingested material into smaller pieces of the same material?
Definition
Mechanical Digestion
Term
What aspect of digestion involves the breakdown of molecules into their component parts?
Definition
Chemical Digestion
Term
What is the medical term for chewing?
Definition
Mastication
Term
What is the process of muscular contraction that forms ripples along part of the GI tract and causes material to move further along the tract?
Definition
Peristalsis
Term
What is the churning and mixing movement that occurs in the small intestin?
Definition
Segmentation
Term
What is the process of producing and releasing fluid products, such as acid, bile, digestive enzymes, and mucin?
Definition
Secretion
Term
What is the passive or active transport of electrolytes, digestion products, vitamins, and water across the GI tract epithelium and into GI tract blood and lymphatic vessels?
Definition
Absorbtion
Term
What are all the undigestable materials as well as waste products secreted by the accessory organs into the GI tract and discharged through the anus?
Definition
Feces
Term
What is the process of elimination by the digestive system?
Definition
Defecation
Term
What is the anatomical term for the mouth?
Definition
Oral cavity
Term
What type of tissue lines the oral cavity?
Definition
Nonkeritinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Term
What muscle lies within the cheek?
Definition
Buccinator
Term
What are the anterior terminations of the cheeks?
Definition
Lips
Term
What is the anatomical term for the gums?
Definition
Gingivae
Term
What thin folds of mucosa on the midline attach the lips to the gums?
Definition
Labial Frenulum
Term
What forms the roof of the mouth?
Definition
Palate
Term
What are the two portions of the palate?
Definition
Hard Palate
Soft Palate
Term
What bones form the hard palate?
Definition
Maxilla
Palatine
Term
What is the conical, median projection of the soft palate?
Definition
Uvula
Term
What accessory organ of the digestive system lies on the floor of the oral cavity and is composed largely of skeletal muscle covered with stratified squamous epithelium?
Definition
Tongue
Term
What thin, vertical mucous membrane attaches the floor of the tonge to the floor of the oral cavity?
Definition
Lingual Frenulum
Term
How many pains of multicellular glands are there?
Definition
3
Term
What salivary glands are located anterior and inferior to the ear and partially covered by the masseter?
Definition
Parotid Salivary Glands
Term
What structure drains the largest salivary glands?
Definition
Parotid Duct
Term
Where does the parotid gland enter the oral cavity?
Definition
Second Upper Molar
Term
What salivary glands lig inferior to the body of the mandible?
Definition
Submandibular Salivary Glands
Term
What structure drains the salivary glands lying inferior to the body of the mandible?
Definition
Submandibular Ducts
Term
Where do the ducts of the submandibular glands enter the oral cavity?
Definition
On the lateral Sids of the Lingual Frenulum
Term
What salivary glands are named for their postition inferior to the tongue?
Definition
Sublingual Salivary Glands
Term
What part of a tooth is exposed and covered with enamel?
Definition
Crown
Term
What part of a tooth lies within the gums?
Definition
Neck
Term
What part of a tooth lies within the bone of the jaw?
Definition
Root
Term
What are the sockets that hold the roots of the teeth?
Definition
Dental Alveoli
Term
What processes of what bones hold the teeth?
Definition
Alveolar Proccesses of the Maxilla and Mandible
Term
What forms the primary mass of a tooth?
Definition
Dentin
Term
What material covers the crown of a tooth?
Definition
Enamel
Term
What is the space that lies within the center of a tooth?
Definition
Pulp Cavity
Term
What fills the space within a tooth?
Definition
Pulp
Term
What passage within a tooth opens into the connective tissue surrounding root and is continuous with the pulp cavity?
Definition
Root Canal
Term
What is the opening between the root canal of a tooth and the surrounding connective tissue?
Definition
Apical Foramen
Term
What surface of a tooth is closest to the midline?
Definition
Mesisal Surface
Term
What surface of a tooth is farthest from the midline?
Definition
Distal Surface
Term
What surface of a tooth is adjacent to the internal surface of the cheek?
Definition
Buccal Surface
Term
What surface of a tooth is adjacent to the internal surface of the lip?
Definition
Labial Surface
Term
What surface of a tooth faces the tongue?
Definition
Lingual Surface
Term
What surface of a tooth is where the teeth from the opposing superior and inferior arches meet?
Definition
Occlusal Surface
Term
What set of teeth erupt between 6 months and 30 months after birth and are eventually lost?
Definition
Deciduous Teeth
Term
What set of teeth begin apperaring at about six years of age and remain through the lifetime of an individual?
Definition
Permanent Teeth
Term
How many deciduous teeth are there?
Definition
20
Term
How many permanent teeth are there?
Definition
32
Term
What chisel-shaped teeth only have one root?
Definition
Incisors
Term
What teeth have a pointed tip for puncturing and tearing?
Definition
Canine Teeth
Term
What teeth have flat crowns with prominent ridges and may have one or two roots?
Definition
Premolars
Term
What teeth are the thickest, have large, broad, flat crowns with distinctive cusps, and three or more roots?
Definition
Molars
Term
Give the dental formula for deciduous teeth.
Definition
I2/2,C1/1,DM2/2=10X2=20
Term
Give the dental formula for permanent teeth.
Definition
I2/2,C1/1,P2/2M3/3=16X2=32
Term
How are teeth numbered in an adult?
Definition
Top Row: 1-16 Right to Left Wisdom Teeth
Bottom Row: 17-32 Right to Left Wisdom Teeth (3rd Molar)
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