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Digestive and Urinary System
Terms and vocab
108
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 1
08/02/2010

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Cards

Term
Aliment/o
Definition
Combining form for nourishment
Term
Stomat/o and or/o
Definition
Mouth
Term
Gnath/o
Definition
Jaw
Term
Prognathia
Definition
Mandible is longer than the maxilla
Term
Brachygnathia
Definition
Mandible is shorter than the maxilla
Term
Labia
Definition
Lips
Term
Buccal
Definition
Pertaining to or directed towards the cheek
Term
Gloss/o and Lingu/o
Definition
Tongue; moveable muscular organ used for tasting and processing food, grooming, sound articulation
Term
Dent/o, dent/l, and odont/o
Definition
Teeth
Term
Sialaden/o and sial/o
Definition
Saliva and the salivary glands
Term
Pharyng/o
Definition
Pharynx; The cavity in the caudal oral cavity that joins the respiratory and GI systems
Term
Esophag/o
Definition
Esophagus; the collapsable muscular tube that leads from the oral cavity to the stomach
Term
Gastr/o
Definition
Stomach; the organ that stores food and where the act of digestion begins
Term
Abdomin/o and celi/o
Definition
Abdomen
Term
Peritoneum
Definition
The membrane lining of the abdomen and pelvic cavities
Term
Enter/o
Definition
The small intestine; extends from pylorus to proximal part of large intestine
Term
Large Intestine
Definition
Extends from ileum to anus. Absorbs water and electrolytes. Produces vit d, b, k.
Term
Hepat/o
Definition
Liver; removes excess glucose from the bloodstream and stores it as glycogen.
Term
Hepatocytes
Definition
Liver cells.
Term
Gallbladder
Definition
A sac embedded in the liver that stores bile for later use.
Term
Cyst/o
Definition
Cyst, sac of fluid, or urinary bladder
Term
Pancreat/o
Definition
Pancreas; an organ that has both exocrine and endocrine functions
Term
Barium
Definition
Contrast material given orally or rectally for radiographic studies.
Term
Enema
Definition
Introduction of fluid to the rectum
Term
Biopsy
Definition
Removal of tissue to be examined.
Term
Endoscope
Definition
Intrument used to internally examine the body or organs
Term
Aerophagia
Definition
Swallowing air
Term
Ascites
Definition
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen.
Term
Borborygmus
Definition
Gas movement in the GI tract that produces a rumbling noise
Term
Cachexia
Definition
General ill health and malnutrition
Term
GDV
Definition
Gastric Dilatation Volvulus; the stomach fills with air, expands, and twists on itself.
Term
Cholecystis
Definition
Inflammation of gallbladder
Term
Colic
Definition
Severe abdominal pain
Term
Colitis
Definition
Inflammation of the colon
Term
Constipation
Definition
prolonged GI transit making stool hard, dry and difficult to pass.
Term
Coprophagia
Definition
Ingestion of fecal matter
Term
Dehydration
Definition
excessive loss of body water or fluid
Term
Dyschezia
Definition
Difficulty defecating
Term
Dysphagia
Definition
Difficulty swallowing
Term
Emaciation
Definition
Marked wasting or excessive leaness
Term
Emesis
Definition
Vomiting
Term
Enteritis
Definition
Inflammation of SI
Term
Eviscerate
Definition
Removal or exposal of internal organs
Term
Gastritis
Definition
Inflammation of the stomach
Term
Gastroenteritis
Definition
Inflammation of the stomach and SI
Term
Hematemesis
Definition
Vomiting blood
Term
Hematochezia
Definition
Passage of bloody stool
Term
Hepatitis
Definition
Inflammation of the liver
Term
Hepatoma
Definition
Tumor of the liver
Term
Hepatomegaly
Definition
Abnormal enlargement of the liver
Term
Inguinal Hernia
Definition
Protrusion of the bowel throug the inguinal canal; seen in groin.
Term
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency
Definition
Pancreas does not secrete adequate amounts of digestive enzymes; wt. loss, fatty stools, borborygmus
Term
Intussusception
Definition
Telescoping of one part of the intestine into an adjacent part
Term
Jaundice
Definition
Yellow discoloration of the skin and mm; caused by elevated bilirubin
Term
Lethargy
Definition
Condition of drowsiness
Term
Malabsorption
Definition
Impaired uptake of nutrients from the intestine
Term
Megacolon
Definition
Abnormally large colon
Term
Megaesophagus
Definition
Abnormally large esophagus
Term
Melena
Definition
Black stools containing digested blood; suggests upper GI bleed
Term
Obstruction
Definition
Complete stoppage or impairment to passage
Term
Polyp
Definition
Small growth on mucous membrane
Term
Polyphagia
Definition
Excessive eating or swallowing
Term
Prolapse
Definition
protrusion
Term
Regurgitation
Definition
Return of swallowed food into oral cavity
Term
Stenosis
Definition
Narrowing of an opening
Term
Stomatitis
Definition
Inflammation of the mouth
Term
Tenesmus
Definition
Painful, ineffective defecation
Term
Trichobezoar
Definition
Hairball
Term
Ulcer
Definition
Erosion of tissue
Term
Abdominocentesis
Definition
Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abd.
Term
Anastomosis
Definition
Surgical connection between two tubes
Term
Emetic
Definition
Producing vomiting
Term
Gastrotomy
Definition
Surgical incision into the stomach
Term
Hepatotomy
Definition
Surgical incision into the liver
Term
Laparotomy
Definition
Surgical incision into the abdomen
Term
Nasogastric Intubation
Definition
Placement of a tube through the nose into the stomach
Term
Trocarization
Definition
Insertion of a pointed instrument into a body cavity or organ
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
Continually adjusting to conditions in order to maintain a relatively constant internal environment
Term
Urin/o and ur/o
Definition
Urine or pertaining to urinary organs
Term
Veins
Definition
Deliver low oxygenated blood back to the heart
Term
Arteries
Definition
Deliver oxygenated blood to the body
Term
Hypervolemic Shock
Definition
Blood pressure decreases and the heart compensates by increasing rate
Term
Hilus
Definition
Concave depression where blood vessels nerves and ureter attach
Term
Calyx or calix
Definition
Cuplike organ
Term
Glomerulus
Definition
Cluster of capillaries
Term
Loop of Henle
Definition
U-shaped turn involved in reabsorption
Term
Ureters
Definition
A pair of narrow tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
Term
Uropoiesis
Definition
Process of urine production
Term
Turbid
Definition
Cloudy
Term
Normal urine output dog/cat
Definition
1-2 MLs/kg/hr
Term
Ethylene Glycol
Definition
Antifreeze; ingestion results in renal failure
Term
Erythropoietin
Definition
Hormone produced by the kidney that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow.
Term
Hypoxia
Definition
Lack of air
Term
Ischemia
Definition
Lack of oxygen to tissues
Term
Hematuria
Definition
Blood in urine
Term
Azotemia
Definition
Presence of urea or other nitrogenous elements in the blood; increase in renal excretory products resulting from renal insufficiency
Term
Calculus
Definition
Abnormal mineral deposit
Term
Lith/o
Definition
Stone or calculus; stones calculi or liths are formed when crystals precipitate and form solids
Term
Casts
Definition
Fibrous or protein materials found in urine
Term
Crystals
Definition
Naturally produced angular solid of definitive form
Term
Cystitis
Definition
Inflammation of the urinary bladder
Term
Cystocele
Definition
Displacement of urinary bladder through vaginal wall
Term
FLUTD
Definition
Feline lower urinary tract infection; cystitis, urethritis, and crystalluria are found.
Term
Pulyuria
Definition
Elevated urine production
Term
Pollakiuria
Definition
Frequent urination
Term
Cystostomy
Definition
Surgical creation of a new opening between the skin and urinary bladder
Term
Cystotomy
Definition
Surgical incision into urinary bladder
Term
Uremia
Definition
Waste products in the blood.
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