Term
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Definition
secretion (water, acids, buffers, enzymes)
digestion (mechanical, chemical, fermentative)
absorption (via portal vein) |
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Term
|
Definition
Enteric Nervous System
-neurons in the gut wall, 2 ganglia systems
Myenteric Plexus
Submucosal Plexus |
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Term
| What does the myenteric plexus do and where is it found? |
|
Definition
Ganglia between circular & longitudinal muscle layers of GIT
controls GI motility |
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|
Term
| What does the submucosal plexus do and where is it found? |
|
Definition
within submucosal layer
controls GI secretions |
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Term
| What ENS plexus controls GI secretions |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What ENS plexus controls gut motility? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Mechanoreceptors within the muscular layers sense ... |
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Definition
| distension of the gut wall |
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Term
| Chemoreceptors within the mucosa sense ... |
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Definition
| changes in the the chemical conditions in the lumen |
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Term
| What is the role of interneurons in the ENS? |
|
Definition
| coordinate between the myenteric & submucosal plexuses |
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Term
|
Definition
| branches at the end of ENS motor axons which contain neurotransmitters/hormones, and will release them diffusely into the tissue they are innervating/supplying |
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Term
| Excitatory enteric neurotransmitters |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What does acetylcholine do? |
|
Definition
stimulates smooth muscle contraction
promotes intestinal secretoins
promotes release of enteric hormones
dilates blood vessels |
|
|
Term
| What does substance P do? |
|
Definition
involved with pain sensation
promotes vomiting |
|
|
Term
| Inhibitory enteric neurotransmitters |
|
Definition
Somatostatin
PACAP
Nitric Oxide
ATP |
|
|
Term
| ___ inhibits gastrin release |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What neurotransmitters relax smooth muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is 'special' about VIP? |
|
Definition
| it relaxes smooth muscle (inhibitory function) and stimulates secretion of mucosal glands |
|
|
Term
| What nerve supplies the majority of the GIT? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Discuss parasympathetic regulation of the GIT |
|
Definition
-vagus nerve supplies most of GIT
-ACh stimulates GI secretion, motor activity and relaxes sphincters, dilates blood vessels |
|
|
Term
| Discuss sympathetic regulation of the GIT |
|
Definition
Norepinephrine
-decreases peristalsis
-inhibits secretions
-contracts sphincters
-decreases gut motility |
|
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Term
| Sympathetic neurons of the ENS are primarily (pre/post -ganglionic) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Splanchnic afferent nerves are (sympathetic / parasympathetic) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What nerve mediates normal gut function? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What nerve signals presence of pathological conditions? What effect will this have? |
|
Definition
splanchnic
inhibits gut motility & secretions (in response to 'bad' things in your gut e.g. toxins) |
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Term
| Intrinsic gut hormones are released by.... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Secretin is primarily released in the... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ghrelin is primarily released in the... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Tachykinin is primarily released in the...
aka Substance P |
|
Definition
all of the GI
(also known as substance P) |
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|
Term
| Gastric Inhibitory Peptide is primarily released in the... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Motilin is primarily released in the... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Somatostatin is primarily released in the... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cholecystokinin is primarily released in the... |
|
Definition
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