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digestive 1
lecture 31
40
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
12/11/2010

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Term
gastrointestinal tract
Definition
alimentary canal. mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
Term
accessory digestive organs
Definition
salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
Term
cheeks
Definition
lined with stratified squamous epithelium
Term
hard palate
Definition
-maxilla and palatine bones
-covered by mucous membrane
-roof of mouth, floor of nasal cavity
Term
soft palate
Definition
muscular arch. covered with mucous membrane
Term
uvula
Definition
-cone shaped projection of soft palate
-ensures food goes into oropharynx and not nasopharynx
Term
intrinsic muscles of tongue
Definition
interwoven skeletal muscle
Term
extrinsic muscles of tongue
Definition
attached to base of the tongue and originate from other areas (ex. hyoid bone)
Term
dorsal surface of tongue
Definition
papillae- small raised areas, taste buds, sensitive to touch
Term
lingual tonsils
Definition
lymphoid tissue on posterior portion of tongue
Term
crown
Definition
exposed portion of tooth
Term
root
Definition
anchors tooth firmly into jaw
Term
periodontal membrane
Definition
peritoneum which lines socket (cavity)
Term
gingiva
Definition
mucous membrane
Term
enamel
Definition
mostly CaPO4
Term
pulp
Definition
nerves and blood vessels
Term
root canal
Definition
canal in which pulp is found
Term
salivary glands
Definition
buccal glands, parotid glands, submandibular glands, sublingual glands
Term
buccal glands
Definition
small glands located in mucous membrane of the mouth
Term
parotid glands
Definition
-biggest
-exocrine
-inferior and anterior to ear
-drains into oral cavity near 2nd upper molar
Term
submandibular gland
Definition
-inside mandible
-empties into floor of mouth
Term
sublingual glands
Definition
-under mucosa in floor of mouth
-empties into floor of mouth
Term
composition of saliva
Definition
99% water. enzymes (lysozyme and amylase). mucous. salts
Term
lysozyme
Definition
destroys bacteria and cleans teeth
Term
amylase
Definition
begins digestion (breaks down starches)
Term
pharynx
Definition
-lined with stratified squamous
-mucous membrane
-skeletal muscle
Term
digestive tract mucosa
Definition
-inner layer
-stratified squamous in the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, anal canal
-simple columnar in the stomach and small and large intestines
-lamina propria- basement membrane which mucosa sits on
Term
submucosa of digestive tract
Definition
-blood vessels
-nourishes mucosa and absorbs nutrients
-elastic and collagenous fibers
-nerve plexuses
-lymphatics- lacteals
Term
muscularis layer in digestive tract
Definition
-skeletal muscle in beginning and end
-smooth muscle mixes food in the middle (innervated by autonomic nervous system)
Term
serosa of digestive tract
Definition
outer CT covering
Term
celiac/mesenteric plexus
Definition
-located around major arteries
-transmits impulse from vagus nerve
Term
meissner's plexus
Definition
-located within submucosa
-controls glands and mucosal folds
Term
myenteric plexus
Definition
-located in muscularis layer
-major supply to smooth muscle
Term
what does the celiac trunk supply?
Definition
stomach spleen liver
Term
what does the superior mesenteric supply?
Definition
small intestines
Term
what does the inferior mesenteric supple?
Definition
large intestine and rectum
Term
location of esophagus
Definition
-posterior to trachea
-begins at larynx
-passes through hiatus in the diaphragm to join the stomach
Term
mucosal layer of esophagus
Definition
stratified squamous
Term
muscular layer of esophagus
Definition
-upper 1/3= skeletal muscle
-middle 1/3= skeletal and smooth
-lower 1/3= smooth
Term
gastroesophageal sphincter
Definition
-helps prevent stomach contents from being regurgitated into esophagus
-smooth muscle
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