Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Digestion
The organs and processes involved in digestion
20
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
11/14/2014

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Digestion
Definition
the process that physically grinds up and chemically breaks down food
Term
Catabolism
Definition
the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones to release energy
Term
GI Tract
Definition
AKA alimentary canal
Term
GI Tract
Definition
a continuous tube that extends from the mouth to the anus
Term
GI Tract
Definition
organs include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine (colon)
Term
Accessory Digestive Organs
Definition
the teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas
Term
Ingestion
Definition
food is brought into the GI tract through the mouth
Term
Mechanical Breakdown
Definition
food is physically broken down into smaller pieces by the teeth and the churning action of the digestive cavity itself
Term
Bolus
Definition
small pieces of broken down food
Term
Mechanical Breakdown
Definition
particles broken down by this process have increased surface area allowing digestive enzymes to attack them more effectively
Term
Chemical Breakdown
Definition
particles of food are exposed to enzymes and other digestive fluids that break down large molecules into smaller subunits
Term
Chemical Breakdown
Definition
turns proteins into amino acids, carbohydrates into monosaccharides, fats into triglycerides
Term
Secretion
Definition
cells within the GI tract secrete a total of 7 liters of water, acids, buffers and enzymes into the lumen of the tube
Term
Mixing and Propulsion
Definition
alternating contractions and relaxations of smooth muscle in the walls of the GI tract mix food and secretions and propel them toward the anus
Term
Absorption
Definition
small subunits must be transported out of the digestive cavity and into the cells of the body
Term
Absorption
Definition
happens in the small intestine
Term
Elimination
Definition
AKA defecation; happens in the colon
Term
Elimination
Definition
wastes, indigestible materials, bacteria and cells sloughed from the GI lining must be expelled from the body in the form of feces
Term
Digestion
Definition
catabolised molecules are absorbed by the cells; material that cannot be broken down or used is expelled
Term
Sequence of Digestion
Definition
ingestion-->mechanical breakdown-->chemical breakdown-->secretion-->mixing and propulsion-->absorption-->elimination
Supporting users have an ad free experience!