Shared Flashcard Set

Details

DH 116 Anatomy Exam 1
2011
171
Anatomy
Professional
09/05/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
5 clinical applications of surface anatomy
Definition
1. Extra/Intraoral exams - helps identify
2. Abnormal/Normal - so we can tell the difference
3. Documentation Purposes
4. Radiography - landmarks
5. Anesthesia - locations
Term
11 Regions of the head
Definition
Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Nasal, Temporal, Orbital, Infraorbital, Zygomatic, Buccal, Oral, Mental
Term
Name 3 planes
Definition
Median or Midsagittal Plane
Sagittal Plane
Frontal Plane
Term
The area between the eyebrows
Definition
glabella
Term
The prominence of the forehead
Definition
frontal eminence
Term
Under each eyebrow
Definition
supraorbital ridge
Term
What is the anatomical position?
Definition
Position in which the body is erect, with arms at the sides, palms and toes directed forward, and eyes looking forward.
Term
the tube that the sound waves are transmitted to the inner ear
Definition
External auditory meatus
Term
this is the superior and inferior free margins of the auricle
Definition
helix
Term
Inferior end of helix, level with apex of nose
Definition
lobule
Term
Flap of tissue which is part of the auricle, anterior to the external acoustic meatus
Definition
Tragus
Term
Flap of tissue opposite the tragus
Definition
Antitragus
Term
Deep notch between the tragus and the antitragus
Definition
intertragic notch
Term
Name 8 structures of the orbital region
Definition
sclera, iris, pupil, eyelids, lacrimal gland, conjunctiva, lateral/outer canthus, medial canthus
Term
Located between the eyes inferior to glabella
Definition
root of the nose
Term
Nostrils are termed
Definition
naris
Term
winglike cartilaginous structure that bond the nostrils laterally
Definition
ala
Term
ala are important for
Definition
radiographs, extra oral exams, anesthesia delivery
Term
Inferior and anterior to the ear, where the upper skull forms a joint with the lower jaw
Definition
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
Term
The prominence of the chin
Definition
mental protuberance
Term
The area between the lower lip and chin
Definition
labiomental groove
Term
6 structures of the oral region
Definition
lips, oral cavity, palate, tongue, floor of mouth, a portion of the throat
Term
Outlined transition zone of the lips
Definition
Vermilion zone
Term
a vertical groove extending down from the nasal septum
Definition
philtrum
Term
where the philtrum terminates
Definition
tubercle of the lip
Term
where the upper and lower lip meet at each corner
Definition
labial commissure
Term
the groove which runs from the labial commissure to the ala of the nose
Definition
nasolabial sulcus
Term
the mucous membrane lining the oral cavity
Definition
mucosa
Term
The Buccal mucosa covers a dense pad of inner tissue, called
Definition
buccal fat pad
Term
small elevation of tissue just opposite the maxillary molars, on the buccal mucosa. What gland does it contain?
Definition
Parotid papilla. This contains the duct opening from the Parotid salivary gland
Term
elevation on the most posterior aspects of the maxilla
Definition
maxillary tuberosity
Term
the space between the cheeks, lips, and gums, on the maxillary and mandibular arch
Definition
vestibules
Term
the border at which the buccal mucosa meets at the alveolar mucosa.
Definition
mucobuccal fold
Term
a fold of tissue located at the maxillary midline. It attaches the labial mucosa to the alveolar mucosa.
Definition
Labial frenum or Frenulum
Term
The tissue that tightly adheres to the roots of the teeth is the
Definition
attached tissue or attached gingiva
Term
The line of demarcation between the firmer and pinker attached tissue and the redder, movable alveolar mucosa is a scalloped border called the
Definition
mucogingival junction
Term
Each tooth has a gingival margin which is unattached, this is the
Definition
marginal gingiva
Term
The inner surface of the marginal gingiva faces a
Definition
sulcus or space
Term
Gingiva between the teeth is an extension of attached gingiva and is called the
Definition
interdental gingiva or interdental papilla
Term
How much of the palate does the hard and soft palate compromise?
Definition
2/3 hard palate
1/3 soft palate
Term
covers part of the boney skeleton of the hard palate, while the soft palate is covered with mucous membrane.
Definition
Mucoperiosteum
Term
the ________ blends into the alveolar and gingival tissue on the lingual surface of the maxillary
Definition
palatal mucosa
Term
Posterior laterally, the palate blends into the
Definition
Anterior and Posterior Pillars of the Fauces, palatoglossal fold [more anterior], palatopharyngeal fold [more posterior]
Term
located at the midline, where the free posterior border of the soft palate terminates
Definition
uvula
Term
covers the developmental fusion. It is a midline ridge of tissue on the hard palate
Definition
Median Palatine Raphe
Term
found right behind the maxillary central incisors. It is a small oval shaped bulge of tissue that covers the nasopalatine foramen
Definition
Incisive Papilla
Term
Posteriorly to the incisive papilla is a series of transverse folds that seem to radiate from the incisive papilla, these folds are the
Definition
Palatine Rugae
Term
found near the midline and just posterior to the hard palate, it appears as a small pit or depression. It receives the ducts from some of the palatine glands.
Definition
Palatine Fovea
Term
Fold extends from the junction of the hard and soft palate down to the mandible, just behind the most distal molar. This fold separates the cheek from the throat.
Definition
Pterygomandibular fold
Term
dense pad of tissue distal to the last molar on the mandibular
Definition
Retromolar Pad
Term
a demarcation of mucosa on the buccal surface in close proximity to the occlusal surface. [line along side of inner cheek, people bite it]
Definition
linea alba
Term
Name 4 anamolies of the tongue
Definition
Microglossia-small tongue, Macroglossia-large tongue, fissured tongue, Median Rhomboid glossitis and Crenated tongue.
Term
The top or dorsal portion of the tongue has a midline depression called the
Definition
Median Lingual Sulcus
Term
The lateral surface of the tongue has vertical ridges of lingual papillae, these are the
Definition
foliate papillae
Term
Lingual papillae are more prominent in ___
Definition
children
Term
Further back on the tongue is the ā€˜Vā€™ shaped groove called the _____ This separates the base and the body of the tongue.
Definition
Sulcus Terminalis
Term
The thinner, finer papillae are called the ___________ lingual papilla, these give the tongue its velvety texture.
Definition
filiform
Term
The larger red shaped dots are the ___________ lingual papilla. They possess taste buds.
Definition
fungiform lingual papillae
Term
a pit like depression is at the V point of the sulcus terminalis.
Definition
Foramen Cecum
Term
How many circumvallate lingual papilla are located on the tongue?
Definition
10-14
Term
Which lingual papilla are on the anterior side of the sulcus terminalis on the body and contain taste buds and receive the ducts of the serous glands of V on Ebner
Definition
Circumvallate lingual papilla
Term
attaches the anterior 2/3 of tongue to the floor of the mouth.
Definition
Lingual Frenulum
Term
located on either side of the frenulum, extending almost to the tip. Surface bulges may be seen overlying these minor salivary glands.
Definition
Glands of Blandin Nuhn
Term
Extreme changes to the tongue occur in what age group(s)?
Definition
young and elderly
Term
lateral to the vein is a fringed fold of mucous membrane, which exhibits a tissue tag from its free edge. What opens through these fringes?
Definition
Plica Fimbriata; Ducts of Blandin Nuhn
Term
___________ is just above the floor of the mouth, lateral to lingual frenum, overlying the bulging sublingual glands. Contains small openings along surface-small sublingual ducts called what?
Definition
Plica Sublingualis; Ducts of Rivinus
Term
aka submandibular duct
Definition
Wharton's duct
Term
Empties at the sublingual caruncles. This appears as an enlarged papilla adjacent to the lingual frenulum.
Definition
Wharton'sduct (submandibular duct)
Term
fold of tissue between ventral of tongue
Definition
Lingual Frenum
Term
a group of minor salivary glands may also be found on the floor of the mouth, on either side of the frenulum, posterior to mandibular incisors.
Definition
Incisive Glands
Term
It is a muscular lined tube-it serves to conduct air to the larynx from the nasal and oral cavities and food to the esophagus from the mouth.
Definition
Pharynx
Term
The pharynx extends from the base of the cranium to the___________________ where it becomes continuous with what?
Definition
sixth cervical vertebra; esophagus
Term
What are the 3 regions of the pharynx?
Definition
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Term
Which part of the pharynx isn't visible during the intraoral exam?
Definition
Laryngopharynx
Term
What are the three overlapping muscles of the larynx that insert into the posterior median raphe
Definition
Superior pharyngeal muscle
Middle pharyngeal muscle
Inferior pharyngeal muscle
Term
Where does the nasopharynx begin and end?
Definition
begins at the superior attachment of the sphenoid and occipital bones and ends at the soft palate
Term
What structures does the oropharynx lie between? What are formed between the anterior and posterior pillars?
Definition
between the soft palate and the opening of the larynx. Palatine tonsils are located between the pillars.
Term
How are the regions of the neck sectioned off?
Definition
cervical triangles
Term
What muscle divides each side of the neck diagonally
Definition
sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM)
Term
The posterior cervical triangle can be subdivided into:
(2)
Definition
occipital triangle
subclavian triangle
Term
At anterior midline is_____________ also known as the Adamā€™s apple
Definition
prominent larynx cartilage
Term
Located at the midline of the neck is a bone called the
Definition
hyoid
Term
The anterior cervical triangle (of the neck) is further divided into smaller triangles: (4)
Definition
Submandibular triangle
Carotid triangle
Muscular triangle
Submental triangle
Term
The submandibular triangle is part of the anterior or posterior?
Definition
Anterior
Term
3 bones that compose the boney skeleton of the head and neck
Definition
The skull, cervical vertebrae and the hyoid bone
Term
The skull is composed of ___ bones, excluding the 3 pairs of ossicles of the inner ear
Definition
22
Term
The only movable bone is the mandible, which articulates with
Definition
the paired temporal bones by the temporomandibular joint ā€“ TMJ.
Term
The skull can be divided into two portions
Definition
1. The facial bones, which form the face
2.The cranium
Term
The 2 portions of the skull can also be known as the
Definition
viscerocranium and neurocranium.
Term
The skull also has movable articulation with the
Definition
vertebral column in the neck
Term
how many bones compose the face?
Definition
14
Term
Name the facial bones
Definition

Mandible (18)

Maxilla (9)

Palatine bones (24) paired

The nasal (8) paired

Inferior nasal conchae (16a) paired 

Vomer (17)

Zygoma (7) paired

  Lacrimal bones (14) paired 

Term
how many bones comprise the cranium? list them
Definition
Temporal (4) paired
Parietal (2) paired
Frontal (1) single
Sphenoid (6,25) single
Ethmoid (15) single
Occipital (3) single
Term
deepest portion of the orbit (optic canal)
Definition
Orbital apex
Term
Bones that form the orbit: (4)
Definition
Frontal bone ā€“ roof or superior wall
Ethmoid/lacrimal ā€“ medial wall
Zygomatic/sphenoid ā€“ lateral wall
Sphenoid/palatine ā€“ apex or base
Term
can be seen between the greater wing of the sphenoid and the maxilla.
Definition
inferior orbital fissure
Term
What passes through the inferior orbital fissure?
Definition
The infraorbital and zygomatic nerves, branches of the maxillary nerve and the infraorbital artery enter the orbit through this fissure.
The inferior opthalmic vein travels through here to join the pterygoid plexusof veins.
Term
between the greater and lessor wings of the sphenoid. This connects the orbit with the cranial cavity.
Definition
Superior orbital fissure
Term
what passes thru the Superior orbital fissure?
Definition
The oculomotor (3rd cranial), trochlear (4th cranial), abducens (6th cranial), and the opthalmic nerve and vein travel through this fissure.
[know at least one, be able to identify which does not run thru this fissure]
Term
located at midpoint, at the joining of the nasal bones and the frontal bone.
Definition
Nasion
Term
anterior nasal aperture bounded by the nasal bones and the maxilla laterally and inferiorly
Definition
Piriform aperture
Term
Bridge of the nose is formed by the
Definition
nasal bones
Term
vertical partition which divides the nasal cavity.
Definition
Nasal septum
Term
found at midline of anterior nasal aperture, fusion of right and left maxillae.
Definition
Anterior nasal spine
Term
Found on lateral walls of the nasal cavity are three projecting structures that extend inward from the maxilla.
Definition
The superior nasal conchae
The middle nasal conchae
The inferior nasal conchae
Between each nasal conchae is the nasal meatus.
Term
form the lateral walls of the skull
Definition
temporal bones
Term
List the 3 portions of the temporal bone
Definition
1. Squamos: forms zygomatic arch (7) and process (28) and cranial portion of TMH
2. Tympanic
3. Petrous
Term
Which portion of the temporal bone is the zygomatic process in?
Definition
squamous
Term
Name 6 structures located on the petrous of the temporal bone
Definition
On the inferior aspect ā€“ can locate the mastoid process (5) which is composed of air spaces that communicate with the middle ear, it also serves for muscle attachment
Mastoid notch located medial to mastoid
Styloid process (27) serves for muscle attachment.

Stylomastoid foramen (39) carries the facial or 7th cranial nerve

Jugular notch (40)

Internal acoustic meatus (69) carries 8th cranial and 7th cranial nerve
Term
Sphenoid is also called midline bone because it articulates with: (8)
Definition
frontal,parietal, ethmoid, temporal, zygomatic, maxillary palatine, vomer and occipital bones.
Term
foramens and fissures of the spenoid: (4)
Definition
superior orbital fissure (67), foramen ovale (34), foramen rotundum (68) and foramen spinosum (35)
Term
Body of the sphenoid-middle portion of sphenoid (25)
Contains the paired
Definition
sphenoid sinuses
Term
the spenoid has 3 paired processes:
Definition
The lessor wing (60)
The greater wing (61)
*The pterygoid process, which provides attachment for muscles of mastication
Term
*The pterygoid process has three portions
Definition
*The lateral pterygoid plate
*The medial pterygoid plate
*The pterygoid fossa [for attachment]
Term
The is a small process located at the end of the *medial pterygoid plate.
Definition
*hamulus
Term
*Spine of the sphenoid bone and *infratemporal crest (p.55)
Definition
Spine=located at posterior edge of each greater wing. Infratemporal crest is the hump edge of the inferior orbital fissure
Term
what does the ethmoid bone articulate with?
Definition
frontal, sphenoid, lacrimal, maxillary bones and joins the vomer
Term
What are the 2 unpaired plates of the ethmoid bone?
Definition
The perpendicular plate (aids vomer)
*Cribiform plate (59) ā€“ allows passage of olfactory nerves
Term
which sinuses are located between the orbital plate and the conchae
Definition
ethmoid sinuses
Term
Lateral portions of the ethmoid plate form the ______ and the ______ in the nasal cavity
Definition
superior nasal conchae and the middle nasal conchae
Term
7 structures located in/on the ethmoid bone
Definition
Crista galli, ethmoid sinuses, inferior nasal concha, middle nasal concha, superior nasal choncha, perpendicular plate, cribiform plate
Term
Single bone that forms the forehead and superior portion of the orbit
Definition
FRONTAL
Term
frontal bone articulations
Definition
parietal, sphenoid, lacrimal, nasal, ethmoid, zygomatic and the maxilla
Term
Located just inside the supraorbital ridge (13) on the lateral edge is the _____________ which contains the lacrimal gland.
Definition
lacrimal fossa
Term
5 structures located in/on the frontal bone
Definition
inferior and superior temporal lines [muscle attachments], houses the frontal sinuses, supraorbital ridges, supraorbital notch
Term
*sequence of tears
Definition
lacrimal gland-->nasal cavity-->nasolacrimal duct
Term
parietal bone articulations
Definition
occipital, frontal, temporal, and sphenoid
Term
which lines are on the parietal?
Definition
superior and inferior lines?
Term
occipital articulation
Definition
parietal, temporal, and sphenoid
Term
the _____________ is formed by the occipital bone which holds the spinal cord
Definition
foramen magnum
Term
Lateral and anterior to the foramen magnum are the
Definition
occipital condyles (26)
Term
The condyles (26) have a movable articulation with the ________________ the 1st cervical vertebrae
Definition
atlas
Term
The basilar portion [of the occipital?] is located anterior to the foramen magnum, anterior to this is the
Definition
pharyngeal tubercle.....?
Term
Anterior and lateral to the foramen magnum are the ____________ canals
Definition
hypoglossal
Term
this nerve passes thru the hypoglossal canal
Definition
12th cranial [hypoglossal nerve]
Term
Jugular notch and portion of the temporal bone form
Definition
jugular foramen
Term
Where does the temporalis muscle attach?*
Definition
temporal fossa
Term
name 4 structures of the lateral view of the temporal bone
Definition
temporal fossa
infratemporal fossa (below 6)
Superior temporal line
Inferior temporal line
Term
single bone at midsagittal plane, inside the nasal cavity
Definition
Vomer
Term
vomer articulation
Definition
ethmoid
Term
which bone does not have any muscle attachments?
Definition
vomer
Term
in the lacrimal bones; _____ _____ _______ is formed by the junction of the lacrimal and the maxillary bones
Definition
naso lacrimal duct
Term
maxillary foramens (5)
Definition
infraorbital foramen incisive foramen posterior superior alveolar foramen [PSA]* Greater palatine foramen Lessor palatine foramen
Term
Largest sinuses
Definition
maxillary sinuses
Term
3 processes of the maxilla
Definition
zygomatic process of maxilla
frontal process of maxilla
alveolar process of maxilla
Term
2 important structures around the canine
Definition
canine eminence, canine fossa
Term
space most posterior behind last max molar
Definition
maxillary tuberosity
Term
where the mandible fuses together (vertical) on mental protuberance
Definition
mental symphysis
Term
foramen on mandible (3)
Definition
mental foramen, mandibular foramen, mandibular canal (can't see it on skull)
Term
broad flat part on the side of mandible
Definition
ramus
Term
houses the roots of the mandibular teeth
Definition
alveolar process of the mandible
Term
most anterior process of the mandible
Definition
coronoid process
Term
where is the external oblique line?
Definition
mandible
Term
between the coronoid process and the articular process
Definition
mandibular notch
Term
Name 3 items you find on the mandible?
Definition
mental protuberance
mental symphysis
mental foramen
body of mandible
ramus
coronoid process
external oblique line
angle of mandible
Term
where the screw is on the skull (mandible)
Definition
genial tubercles
Term
where is the mylohyoid line? whats the external equivalent to it?
Definition
inside the mandible; external oblique line.
Term
whats the difference between the mylohyoid line and the mylohyoid groove?
Definition
the groove is above, the line is below
Term
fossa that the tongue rests in
Definition
sublingual fossa
Term
below sublingual fossa on interior surface
Definition
submandibular fossa
Term
the ledge that covers the mandibular foramen
Definition
lingula
Term
what are the 4 sinuses
Definition
maxillary, frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid
Term
what is significant about the maxillary sinus?
Definition
largest; sits on the ceiling of the apecies of maxillary teeth. The floor of the sinuses are on top of the maxillary molars and bicuspids. Pressure is applied to the apecies when sinus swells. =tooth ache
Term
*Infratemporal fossa
Definition
below 6 on skull, inferior to the temporal fossa
Term
*Posterior alveolar foramen
Definition
the superolateral portion of the maxillary tuberosity is perforated by one or more posterior superior alveolar foramina where the nerve/vessels go thru. The max tuberosity is a landmark for the administration of the posterior superior alveolar local anesthetic block
Term
1st cervical vertebae is ____________. It articulates with the ____________. It lacks a body and ___________
Definition
atlas; occipital condyles; lacks body & spine
Term
2nd cervical vertebrae is the ___________ it is characterized by the _________/_________ __________.
Definition
axis; dens/odontoid process
Term
the hyoid bone forms the base of the ___________ and _________
Definition
base of the tongue and larynx
Term
the hyoid sits at the level of the __________________
Definition
3rd vertebra
Term
the 3 parts of the hyoid bone
Definition
greater cornu, lesser cornu, and body
Term
name a bone abnormality of the max/mand
Definition
Tori - enlargement of bone. Causes problems with xrays, dentures. Another term is exostoses
Supporting users have an ad free experience!