Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Dermatology Lab tests
lab tests dermatology
24
Anatomy
Graduate
07/01/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
what 2 lab tests do you do to check for inflammation?
Definition
ESR and CRP

(erythrocyte sed rate and c reactive protein)
Term
What 4 lab tests could you do for a patient that itches?
Definition
- CMP
- Hepatic function panel
- Lipid panel
- Renal function
Term
Before put someone on acutane should do a __ lab test.
Definition
UA
Term
What 3 lab tests are for syphilis:
Definition
- RPR
- VDRL titer
- FTA-ABS
Term
who would do an iron studies lab test for?
Definition
for patients with concerns about hair growth/loss
Term
If you want to give someone Dapsone, what lab test do you have to do first?
Definition
G6PD Quantitative (if someone is G6PD deficient do NOT put them on dapsone)
Term
Necessities for a scabies scraping:
Definition
- #15 blade
- glass slide
- mineral oil
- microscope
Term
An H&E stain, direct immunofluroescence slide, and special stains all require a __.
Definition
biopsy
Term
When are doing a skin scraping of a bullae, where do you scrape?
Definition
edge of the bullae, get some normal, some abnormal skin with scrape
Term
special stain for fungus:
Definition
PAS
Term
if there is a scaly rash do a __ _.
Definition
skin scraping
Term
fungal KOH exam:
Definition
Select a scaly lesion
Use sterile #15 blade or glass slide to take skin scrapings from representative lesion
Scrape the skin scales into a single compact pile
Add 1 drop of 10-20% KOH Solution or Chlorazol Black E, cover with cover slip
Heat gently over butane burner, not alcohol flame, avoid boiling


(if you don't heat it, you won't see the hyphae)
Term
In my practice, I always do a test to screen for fungal organisms before treating a patient presenting with a fungal-like skin rash. The most useful test is the potassium hydroxide preparation (KOH prep) test. With this in-office test, you can quickly determine the presence or absence of fungal or yeast organisms. Although a culture (and 30 days’ time) is required to determine the exact genus and species of the organism, you can get a working diagnosis and establish a treatment plan in 5-10 minutes.
Definition
Term
culture used for fungus:
Definition
DTM: dermatophyte medium
- orange medium turns red when there is fungus with a white cotton ball like wad of fungus
Term
May take a sample of the scales of skin and or nail fragments (debris) from under the infected nail. If a sample of debris cannot be taken easily, a nail sample may be taken by lightly scraping the nail near the infected area or by using a small blade to shave off a piece of nail.
Definition
Scrape right under nail> put on KOH prep or DTME or can clip nail and send it away for PAS stain.
Term
when you do a KOH test you are looking for __ to confirm presence of fungus.
Definition
hyphae
Term
With tinea versicolor you are looking for __ and __ on KOH prep.
Definition
endospores and hyphae (spaghetti and meatballs)
Term
A fungal culture, which can determine which type of fungus is present. Since fungi generally grow slowly, it can take 2- 4 weeks for a culture to produce test results.
Definition
Prove its fungus b/c treatment can cause fulminant hepatitis, which is hard to recover from.
Term
A fungal culture is often used as an adjunct to KOH for diagnosis. Fungal culture is more specific than KOH for detecting a dermatophyte infection; therefore, if the clinical suspicion is high yet the KOH result is negative, a fungal culture should be obtained.
Definition
Term
Sabouraud agar containing neopeptone or polypeptone agar and glucose is often used for fungal culture. However, it does not contain antibiotics and may allow overgrowth of fungal and bacterial contaminants.
Mycosel, a commonly used agar, is similar to Sabouraud agar but has antibiotics.
Commonly, dermatophyte test medium (DTM) is used. It contains antibacterial (ie, gentamicin, chlortetracycline) and antifungal (ie, cycloheximide) solutions in a nutrient agar base. This combination isolates dermatophytes while suppressing other fungal and bacterial species that may contaminate the culture
Definition
Term
what turns DTM media red if there is fungus?
Definition
phenyl red
Term
DTM contains phenol red solution, which causes a color change from straw-yellow to bright-red under alkaline conditions, indicating a positive dermatophyte culture result. However, the color makes identification of culture morphology (particularly pigmentation) difficult.
Definition
Term
What two types of agars should be used to assess gross and microscopic colony appearance of fungus?
Definition
Sabouraud or Mycosel agar
Term
If the KOH preparation and fungal culture do not show the presence of fungi but a fungal infection is still suspected, your health professional may remove a small piece of nail and look at it under a microscope (nail biopsy) with a special stain called PAS for fungal elements.

This is rarely done.
Definition
Supporting users have an ad free experience!