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Defense I
defense I-starting material for exam 2
39
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
02/15/2012

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Term
2 primary lymph organs/tissues
Definition
bone marrow, and thymus
Term
4 secondary lymph tissues/organs (NSPT)
Definition
lymph nodes, spleed, peyer's patches, tonsils
Term
2 general function of lymph system
Definition
body fluid homeostatsis, Immune system
Term
in the bone marrow, which lymphocytes are produced there, and which are matured there?
Definition
wellllllll the alllll fucking lymphocytes are made there, and only B lymphocytes are produced there
Term
which lymphocytes are matured in the thymus
Definition
T lymphocytes
Term
what are afferent and efferent lymph vessels
Definition
afferent vessels go IN, efferent vessels go OUT
Term
what is the outside part of the lyph node called
Definition
the fiberous capsule
Term
what percent of the antigens are removed, and/or processed in the lymph node
Definition
99%
Term
where are lymphatic nodules located, and do they have a "capsule". 3 places there is connective tissue where these are located
Definition
they are packed in connective tissue. they have no "capsule"
under epithelium of:
1.respirtory,
Term
where are payere's patches located
Definition
lowest part of the intestine, the ilium
Term
3 functions of spleen as a lymphoid organ (RFI)
Definition
removes RBCs, stores Fe, May initiate immune responses
Term
neutrophils
Definition
inflammation, phagovytosis
Term
basophils
Definition
histamine, heparin
Term
eosiniphils-
Definition
defend against parasitic worms
Term
monocytes
Definition
become macrophages
Term
3 types of lymphocytes
Definition
B,T, NK
Term
B cells
Definition
antibody-mediated, specific immune
Term
3 Types of T cells
Definition
Cytotoxic-cd8, helper-CD4, Suppressor CD25
Term
t cell function
Definition
cellmediated, specific immune
Term
nk cell function, specific or non specific
Definition
immune surveillance- non-specific
Term
other defense mechanisms-stress syndrome..what does stress initiate in extreme situations
Definition
fight or flight
Term
why is the non-specific defense system "not specific"
also, does this system focus on KILLING more or prevention?
Definition
it reacts to any antigen the same way-fever, inflammatory response

prevention
Term
first line barrier
1.what is it
2.variety of protective chemicals-what is on skin, whats in the stomach, whats in saliva, and what is in out nose that helps keep antigens out
Definition
1.skin AND mucous membranes
2.acidity of skin, HCl in stomach with proteolytic enzymes, lysozymes of saliva, sticky mucous
Term
what does inflammation do to an infection to stop it from spreading
Definition
it walls the infection off
Term
histamines- released by? vaso constrict/dilate?
Definition
released by mast cells and they vasoDILATE and increase cap. permeability
Term
kinens
1.constrict/dilate
2. cause what sensation
3.increase permeability in what
4.stimulate which cells
Definition
1.dilate
2. cause pain
3.^perm in CAPS
4.stimulate neutrophils
Term
prostaglandins
1.senitize vessels to what?
2. induce what sensation?
Definition
1. to other mediator effects
2. pain
Term
How are phagocytes
mobilized? (NMDC)
Definition
1.neutrophils enter blood stream
2.margination "pavementing"
3.dipedesis
4.chemotaxis
Term
dipedesis-WTF is it
Definition
when neutrophils cross the cap wall
Term
compliment system
1.major mechanism for what?
2.what mech activates it
3.what are the two pathways that can activate it
Definition
1. destroying other substances
2.activated via cascade
3.classical and alternative pathways can activate it
Term
once the compliment system is activated:
1.aspects of what are amplified
2.directly lyse targets cells via what complex
3.opsonization
Definition
1. inflammation
2."membrane attack complex"
3.enhance phagocytosis
Term
classical pathway-antigen-antibody initiates what
Definition
complement fixation
Term
alternative pathway-polysacchs on top of what allow this to happen
Definition
on top of certain fungi and bacteria
Term
what is the classical pathway activated by? what factors are secreted by what activaties them
Definition
certain bacteria and fungi.
factors B and C
Term
when do the classical and alternative pathways connect/
Definition
C3 hydrolysis
Term
what protein causes cells to lyse
Definition
perforin
Term
natural killer cells
1.types of cells it binds to
2.what does it do to the cells
3. does it bind specifically, or non-specifically
Definition
1.binds it virus-infected and cancer cells
2. its KILLS them..hmm what a surprise
3.
Term
interferons
1. what is it
2.specific to what
3.interferes with what 1 thing
4. what 2 cells does it stimulate
Definition
1. protein family with anti-virus traits
2.its host specific
3.interfers with viral replication
4.its stimulates macrophages, and NK cells
Term
Fever
1.what gets reset
2. what does this "resetting"
3.what does a fever interfere with
4.what happens when your MR goes up
Definition
1.hypothalamic thermostat
2.pyrogens
3.with bacterial replication
4.defensive reactions and repair speed up
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