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Deep Back Muscles
Deep Back Muscles
16
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
07/29/2011

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Term
[image]
Definition

Splenius Group (2)

Splenius Capitis

 

A: Alone (unilateral firing/contraction): Lat./Side bend/flexion to same side of neck, whichever one fires/contracts;

 

Together (bilateral firing): Extends head & neck

Term
[image]
Definition
Splenius Group (2)

Splenius Cervicis

Action:

Unilateral innervation/alone: side bend/lat. flexion of neck and rotation of neck to the same side that fires/contracts

Bilateral inneravation/together: extends head and neck
Term
Erector Spinae Group (3)
Iliocostalis
Definition
Lat. column

O: illiac crest
I: ribs
A: extension of vertebral column (extends back), lat. flexion to side that fires/contracts

ilium to costals - iliocostalis
Term
Erector Spinae Group (3)
Longissimus
Definition
Intermediate, the longest
O: transverse processes of inferior vertebra
I: transverse processes of superior vertbrae
A: extend vertebral column, lateral flexion/side bend to the side that fires/contracts
Term
Erector Spinae Group (3)
Spinalis
Definition
O: spinous processes of inferior vertebrae
I: spinous process of superior vertebrae
A: extend the vertebral column/lateral flexion/side bend to the side that fires/contracts
Term
Transversospinalis Group (5)/muscles extend from transverse processes upward and medially to spinous processes of higher vertebrae
Semispinalis Muscle - 2 parts
(also has thoracic component)
Definition
Semispinalis capitis
O: Transverse Processes C7-T7
I: area between the superior and inferior nuchal lines
A: bilateral innervation (together), extension of head;

unilateral (alone) firing: lateral flexion/bend to same side
N: dorsal rami C-spine

Semispinalis Cervicis
O: transverse processes T1-T5
I: spinous processes of vertebrae 4-6 vertebrae above
A: bilateral innervation/together = extension of vertebral column;

unilateral/alone firing/contraction = rotation of vertebra to OPPOSITE side (same Multifidus and Rotatores)
N: dorsal rami
Term
Transversospinalis Group (5)/muscles extend from transverse processes upward and medially to spinous processes of higher vertebrae
Multifidus
Definition
O: transverse processes (same Rotatores)
I: spinous processes 2-4 vertebrae superiorly
A: bilateral innervation/together= extend vertebral column;

unilateral/alone: rotate the vertebral column to the OPPOSITE side.
N: dorsal rami
Term
Transversospinalis Group (5)/muscles extend from transverse processes upward and medially to spinous processes of higher vertebrae
Rotatores
Definition
O: transverse processes (same Multifidus)
I: Spinous processes 1-2 vertebrae above
A: A: bilateral innervation/together= extend vertebral column;

unilateral/alone: rotate the vertebral column to the OPPOSITE side. Same Multifidus, Semispinalis cervicis
N: dorsal rami, sensory (same for Multifidus, Semispinalis cervicis)
Term
Respiratory Accessory Muscles (3)
Serratus Posterior Superior
Definition
A: Expands (elevates) superior ribs/aids in respiration
N: intercostal nerves (same as SPI)
Term
Respiratory Accessory Muscles (3)
Serratus posterior inferior
Definition
A: high school depresses you, grades 9-12; depresses ribs 9-12
Term
Respiratory Accessory Muscles (3)
Levator Costrum
Definition
elevate ribs during inspiration, needed if diaphragm weak
N: dorsal rami (sensory)
Term
Suboccipital Triangle (3) Rectus Capitis posterior MAJOR
Definition

Makes up MEDIAL border and a large muscle

 

A: extends neck and rotates head to same side

 

extension of vertebral column

Term
Suboccipital Triangle
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
Definition
technically not part of the actual suboccipital triangle, much smaller; medial with the major
A: Extends head
Term
Suboccipital Triangle (3) Obliquus Capitus SUPERIOR
Definition
(most lateral muscle) A: extends head and aids in lateral flexion/side bend from same side; weak extensor of neck
Term
Suboccipital Triangle (3) Obliquus Capitis Inferior
Definition

Makes up the base of suboccipital triangle A: rotates head to the side that fires

Strong rotator of atlas

Term
Suboccipital Triangle What nerve and artery are located within the borders of the triangle?
Definition

Vertebral a.

Greater occipital n./spinal nerve C2

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