Term
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Definition
Splenius Group (2)
Splenius Capitis
A: Alone (unilateral firing/contraction): Lat./Side bend/flexion to same side of neck, whichever one fires/contracts;
Together (bilateral firing): Extends head & neck |
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Term
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Definition
Splenius Group (2)
Splenius Cervicis
Action:
Unilateral innervation/alone: side bend/lat. flexion of neck and rotation of neck to the same side that fires/contracts
Bilateral inneravation/together: extends head and neck |
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Term
Erector Spinae Group (3)
Iliocostalis |
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Definition
Lat. column
O: illiac crest
I: ribs
A: extension of vertebral column (extends back), lat. flexion to side that fires/contracts
ilium to costals - iliocostalis |
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Term
Erector Spinae Group (3)
Longissimus |
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Definition
Intermediate, the longest
O: transverse processes of inferior vertebra
I: transverse processes of superior vertbrae
A: extend vertebral column, lateral flexion/side bend to the side that fires/contracts |
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Term
Erector Spinae Group (3)
Spinalis |
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Definition
O: spinous processes of inferior vertebrae
I: spinous process of superior vertebrae
A: extend the vertebral column/lateral flexion/side bend to the side that fires/contracts |
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Term
Transversospinalis Group (5)/muscles extend from transverse processes upward and medially to spinous processes of higher vertebrae
Semispinalis Muscle - 2 parts
(also has thoracic component) |
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Definition
Semispinalis capitis
O: Transverse Processes C7-T7
I: area between the superior and inferior nuchal lines
A: bilateral innervation (together), extension of head;
unilateral (alone) firing: lateral flexion/bend to same side
N: dorsal rami C-spine
Semispinalis Cervicis
O: transverse processes T1-T5
I: spinous processes of vertebrae 4-6 vertebrae above
A: bilateral innervation/together = extension of vertebral column;
unilateral/alone firing/contraction = rotation of vertebra to OPPOSITE side (same Multifidus and Rotatores)
N: dorsal rami |
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Term
Transversospinalis Group (5)/muscles extend from transverse processes upward and medially to spinous processes of higher vertebrae
Multifidus |
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Definition
O: transverse processes (same Rotatores)
I: spinous processes 2-4 vertebrae superiorly
A: bilateral innervation/together= extend vertebral column;
unilateral/alone: rotate the vertebral column to the OPPOSITE side.
N: dorsal rami |
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Term
Transversospinalis Group (5)/muscles extend from transverse processes upward and medially to spinous processes of higher vertebrae
Rotatores |
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Definition
O: transverse processes (same Multifidus)
I: Spinous processes 1-2 vertebrae above
A: A: bilateral innervation/together= extend vertebral column;
unilateral/alone: rotate the vertebral column to the OPPOSITE side. Same Multifidus, Semispinalis cervicis
N: dorsal rami, sensory (same for Multifidus, Semispinalis cervicis) |
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Term
Respiratory Accessory Muscles (3)
Serratus Posterior Superior |
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Definition
A: Expands (elevates) superior ribs/aids in respiration
N: intercostal nerves (same as SPI) |
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Term
Respiratory Accessory Muscles (3)
Serratus posterior inferior |
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Definition
| A: high school depresses you, grades 9-12; depresses ribs 9-12 |
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Term
Respiratory Accessory Muscles (3)
Levator Costrum |
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Definition
elevate ribs during inspiration, needed if diaphragm weak
N: dorsal rami (sensory) |
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Term
| Suboccipital Triangle (3) Rectus Capitis posterior MAJOR |
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Definition
Makes up MEDIAL border and a large muscle
A: extends neck and rotates head to same side
extension of vertebral column |
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Term
Suboccipital Triangle
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor |
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Definition
technically not part of the actual suboccipital triangle, much smaller; medial with the major
A: Extends head |
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Term
| Suboccipital Triangle (3) Obliquus Capitus SUPERIOR |
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Definition
| (most lateral muscle) A: extends head and aids in lateral flexion/side bend from same side; weak extensor of neck |
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Term
| Suboccipital Triangle (3) Obliquus Capitis Inferior |
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Definition
Makes up the base of suboccipital triangle A: rotates head to the side that fires
Strong rotator of atlas |
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Term
| Suboccipital Triangle What nerve and artery are located within the borders of the triangle? |
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Definition
Vertebral a.
Greater occipital n./spinal nerve C2 |
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