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Decolonization3
the earth and its peoples T28
32
History
10th Grade
03/29/2013

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Term
Haciendas
Definition
Huge estates owned by wealthy
Term
Porfirio Diaz
Definition
1830-1915, ruled mexico under the motto "Liberty, Order, Progress"
Term
Madero
Definition
1873-1913, son of a wealthy family and educated in the US
Term
Zapata
Definition
Peasant leader who opposed the Madero presidency. Mobilized landless peasants i S. central mexico in an attempt to seize and divide the land
Term
Huerta
Definition
Murdered madero after 2 years of presidency
Term
"Pancho" Villa
Definition
Popular leader in the revolution. An outlaw in his youth, he formed a calvary army in the north of mexico and fought for the rights of landless people in collaboration with zapata
Term
Mexican revolution
Definition
a revolution for agrarian reforms led in northern Mexico by Pancho Villa and in southern Mexico by Emiliano Zapata
Term
constitution of 1917
Definition
promised universal sufferage and a one- term presidency, state run education free to the poor, and the end of debt peonage
Term
PNR
Definition
forum where all the pressure groups and vested intrests worked out compromises
Term
Cardenas
Definition
1934-1940 president of mexico. Brought major changes to mexican life by distributing millions of acres of land to peasants and nationalizing the oil industry
Term
Pampas
Definition
flat, fertile land that is easy to till, like the great plains
Term
The Oligarquia
Definition
small group of Argentinan land owners who raised cattle and sheep and grew wheat for export
Term
Hipolito Irigoyen
Definition
Argentine politician, president of argentina from 1916 to 1922 and 1928 to 1930. First president elected by male sufferage and began his presidency as a reformer, later becoming a conservative
Term
Getulio Vargas
Definition
Dictator of Brazil from 1930 to 1945 and then 1951 to 1954. Defeated in election of 1930, he overthrew the gov. and created Estado Novo, a dictatorship emphasizing industralization and helped the urban poor but did little for the peasants
Term
Juan Peron
Definition
President of Argentina from 1946-1955 and 1973-1974. As a military officer he championed the rights of labor. Aided by his wife, he was elected president in 1946. Built up argentinan industry but harmed the economy
Term
Eva Peron
Definition
champion of the poor in argentina. She was a gifted speaker and popular political leader who campaigned to improve the life of the urban poor by founding schools and hospitals
Term
Batista
Definition
former military leader and president, he illegally seized power in cuba in a coup in 1953
Term
cuban revolution
Definition
the revolution led by Fidel Castro and a small band of guerrilla fighters against a corrupt dictatorship in Cuba; 1956-1959
Term
fidel castro
Definition
young lawyer who led a failed uprising in 1953 and returned to cuba to establish a sucessful revolution w youthful followers
Term
guevara
Definition
castro's cheif lieutenant, main theorist of communist rev in latin america
Term
bay of pigs
Definition
Where cuban exiles landed, armed by the cia, to overthrow castro
Term
cuban missle crisis
Definition
nuclear weapons placed in cuba at the USA to forestall an attack
Term
proxy wars
Definition
during the cold war, local or regional wars in which the superpowers armed, trained, and finaced the combatants
Term
salvador allende
Definition
socialist politician elected president of chile in 1970 and over thrown by the military in 1973
Term
augusto pinochet
Definition
led a military uprising in chile because of inflation and mass consumer protests
Term
dirty war
Definition
war waged by the argentine military against leftist groups. illegal imprisonment, torture, and exectutions
Term
somoza
Definition
dictator of nicaragua, overthrown in 1979
Term
sandinistas
Definition
alliance of revolutionaries and reformers
Term
contras
Definition
anti-sandist nicaraguans; counter-revolutionaries
Term
death squads
Definition
killed catholic clergy in el salvador by the government
Term
manuel noriega
Definition
dictator of Panama, overthrown in 1989
Term
hugo chavez
Definition
critic of american influence, elected president of venezuela in 1998
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