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Cranial Nerves
Numbers, Names, and Functions
12
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
06/20/2012

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Term
Cranial Nerve I
Definition
Olfactory: Associated with smell. Sensory fiber.
Term
Cranial Nerve II
Definition
Optic: Associated with vision. Sensory fiber.
Term
Cranial Nerve III
Definition
Oculomotor: Involved in movement of specific areas of eye and eyelid.
Term
Cranial Nerve IV
Definition
Trochlear: Controls another area of eye movement.
Term
Cranial Nerve V
Definition
Trigeminal: Provides sensation to face, scalp, mucous membranes in nose, mouth, and eyes. Responsible for nerves in the skin and muscles of jaw.
Term
Cranial Nerve VI
Definition
Abducens: The third cranial nerve involved in eye movement.
Term
Cranial Nerve VII
Definition
Facial: Involved in sensation of taste in front of tongue. Linked to face and head muscles; results in facial expressions.
Term
Cranial Nerve VIII
Definition
Vestibulocochlear: Linked to inner ear (hearing) and responsible for sense of balance.
Term
Cranial Nerve IX
Definition
Glossopharyngeal: Linked to sinus, back of tongue, soft palate, parotid gland, and reflex control of heart. Also plays a role in swallowing.
Term
Cranial Nerve X
Definition
Vagus: Involved in functions such as swallowing, breathing, speaking, heartbeat, and digestion. Linked to other nerves, receiving messages from ear, pharynx, esophagus, and chest and abdominal area.
Term
Cranial Nerve XI
Definition
Spinal Accessory: Composed of 2 divisions. Cranial branch controls muscles of pharynx, larynx, and palate, contributing to swallowing and movement through digestive tract. Spinal branch is involved in muscle movement of upper shoulders, head, and neck.
Term
Cranial Nerve XII
Definition
Hypoglossal: Controls muscles of the tongue. Motor.
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