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Contagious Mites
VM 610 Midterm
28
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
11/13/2012

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Term
Canine Scabies
Definition
Sarcoptes scabiei var canis
most pruritic dermatosis in dogs
foxed are reservoir contagious between dogs
transient infection on cats and humans
Term
Canine Scabies Life Cycle
Definition
17-21 dys
adult mites feed and copulate on skin surface
gravid female burrows through stratum corneum to lay eggs
larvae hatch from eggs and migrate to surface where they mature first into nymph then adult
entire life cycle is on the host
can survive off host for 2-6 days at room temperature
Term
Canine Scabies Pathogenesis
Definition
lag phase after exposure
mild pruritis several days after infection leads to intense pruritis by 21-30 days
takes some time for hypersensitivity to start
as few as 3-4 mites can maintain signs
variable severity
Term
Canine Scabies Signs
Definition
predilection for sparsely haired areas like ears, elbows, hocks
ventrally distributed disease
intense severe pruritis
initial primary lesion is an erythematous papule with white/yellow crust
chronicity and self-excoriation leads to alopecia, thickened skin, extensive crusting
Term
Canine Scabies Diagnosis
Definition
other animals and owners affected
poor response to steroids
more common in outdoor dogs
see mites/eggs in fecal exam
negative scrape does not rule it out
superficial scraping
ideally scrape non-excoriated papule
common not to find mites
diagnosis based on response to treatment
Term
Canine Scabies External Treatment
Definition
treat all in contact animals
environmental management
clip before using dipping
treat for 2 life cycles (6 weeks)
lime sulfur dips
Frontline spray helps
Pramite, amiraz
selamectin (revolution) is FDA approved for sarcoptes (2 applications)
Term
Canine Scabies Internal Treatment
Definition
ivermectin
milbemycin (interceptor)
moxidectin (advangage multi)
Term
Feline Scabies
Definition
notodectres cati
transient infestation of other animals
highly contagious
rare but easily found on skin
Term
Feline Scabies Signs
Definition
intense pruritis
medial pinna, upper ear, face, eyelids, neck, feet, perineum
erythematous papules with thick folded skin and yellow crusts
excoriation
Term
Feline Scabies Diagnosis
Definition
positive skin scrape is diagnostic
should easily find mites
Term
Feline Scabies Topical Treatment
Definition
clip hir
keratolytic shampoo
lime sulfur dip
amitraz
Term
Feline Scabies Systemic Treatment
Definition
ivermecting
selamectin (revolution)
treat all animals
concurrent steroids to manage pruritis
Term
Chyletiella
Definition
large suface swelling mite
highly contagious and zoonotic
Term
Chyletiella Pathogenesis
Definition
nonburrowing mite
lives on skin surface and occasionally pierces skin to feed
entire life cycle on one host
females survive off host for 10 days
Term
Chyletiella Signs
Definition
dorsal distribution
scales
variable pruritis
exfoliated erythema
miliary dermatitis in cats
Term
Chyletiella Diagnosis
Definition
visualization of parasite or eggs
walking dandruff
superficial skin scrape
acetate tape preparation
fecal float, flea combing, vaccuum
Term
Chyletiella Treatment
Definition
treat all in contact animals
treat environment
keratolytic shampooo
lime sulfur
fipronyl, selamectin, avermectins, amitraz
Term
Ear Mites
Definition
otodectes cynotis
highly contagious in young animals
not species specific
complete 3 week life-cycle on single host
migrate all over the body
Term
Ear Mites Diagnosis
Definition
visualization of mites
mineral oil prep of debris
Diff Quick prep of debris
response to therapy
Term
Ear Mites Topical Treatment
Definition
treat all in contact animals
ear cleaner
topical or systemic parasiticide
Tresaderm, baby oil, ivermecting, mibemycin otic
Term
Ear Mites Systemic Treatment
Definition
recommended because they can migrate out of ear
selamectin
ivermecting
advantage multi
Term
Pelodera
Definition
Pelodera strongyloides
small saprophytic nematode that lives in decaying organic matter
can invade mammalian skin
Term
Pelodera Lesions
Definition
on areas where contact with organic material like stra
Term
Pelodera Pathogenesis
Definition
nematodes invade hair follicles
Term
Pelodera Diagnosis
Definition
deep skin scrapings
Term
Pelodera Treatment
Definition
treat secondary pyoderma
remove and replace bedding
lime sulfur dip
steroids to relieve itching
Term
Chiggers
Definition
adults live on decaying plant material
larvae are parasitic on animals
most common in late summer and fall
Term
Chiggers Signs
Definition
papules and prurutis
feet, legs, ventral abdomen
fipronil spray helps prevent reinfestation
steroids relieve itching
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