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connective tissue
n/a
30
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
09/01/2012

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Term
what is the most abundant and diverse tissue?
Definition
connective
Term
Main classes of connective tissue
Definition
connective tissue proper=ordinary
cartilage
bone tissue
blood
Term
connective tissue:
cells are seperated by -
contains-
common embryonic orgin-
Definition
large amount of extracellular matrix- ground substance (proteins, sugars, water)
protein fibers
mesenchyme
Term
Categories for connective tissue proper:
Definition
loose- areolar and adipose
dense- dense irregular and regular
Term
In loose areolar connective tissue the cell/protein fiber ratio is:
Definition
high=loose
Term
What does loose areolar connective tissue do?
Definition
supports/holds together other tissues
holds body fluids, ground substances hold large amounts of water (sponges)
defends body against infection- contains large number of immune cells
stores nutrients as fat
Term
Areolar Connective Tissue is:
location:
function:
Definition
A model connective tissue
-underlies some epithelial
-surrounds small nerves and blood vessels
-packages organs
-borders all other tissues in body
Function:
- wraps and cushions organs, holds and conveys tissue fluid, role in inflamation
Term
areolar connective tissue has a gel like-
Definition
matrix with 3 fiber types that provide support
-collagen, reticular, elastic (elastin)
Term
What are the cells that produce fibers for the areolar connective tissue and ground substance?
Definition
fibroblasts
Term
How are the areolar connective tissues the main battlefield in fight against infection?
Definition
defenders gather in tissue at sites of infection :
macrophages-phagocytosis
plasma cells - antibodies
mast cells- histamine (inflamation)
neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils
Term
What are other loose connective tissues?
Definition
adipose and reticular
Term
describe adipose tissue?
Definition
closesly packed adipocytes (fat cells)
Have nucleus pushed to one side by fat droplet
Term
function of adipose tissue?
Definition
provides reserve food for fuel
insulates against heat loss
supports and protects organs
hormone production (leptin)
Term
location of adipose tissue?
Definition
under skin, around kidneys, behind eyeballs, w/abdomen, and in breasts
Term
Describe reticular connective tissue?
function:
location:
Definition
network of reticular fibes (type 4 collagen) in loose ground substance
functions to form a soft internal skeleton (stroma) supporting other cell types
Located in lyphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen)
Term
What is the protein fiber/cell ratio in dense connective tissue?
Definition
dense
Term
describe dense irregular connective tissue
Definition
primarily irregularly arranged collagen fibers
some elastic and fibroblasts
Term
Function of dense irregular CT:
Definition
withstands tension and provides structural strength
Term
location of dense irregular CT
Definition
dermis of skin, submucosa of digestive tract, fibrous capsules of joints and organs
Term
describe dense regular connective tissue:
Definition
primarily parallel collagen fibers
fibroblasts and some elastic fibers
poorly vascularized
Term
function of dense regular connective tissue:
Definition
attaches muscle to bone, bone to bone, and withstands great stress in one direction
Term
location of dense regular connective tissue:
Definition
tendons and ligaments
aponeuroses
fascia around muscles
Term
Describe catilage
Definition
firm, flexible tissue
contains no blood vessels or nerves
extracellular matrix is 80% water
is surrounded by perichondrium (connective tissue proper)
Resilient tissue- springs back to original shape
Term
Cell types in cartilage:
Definition
chondroblasts(produce matrix) and chondrocytes (lie in lacunae)
Term
Types of cartilage
Definition
hyaline
elastic
fibrocartilage
Term
hyaline cartilage (glass)-
function/location-
Definition
most abundant
provides support thru flexibility
imperceptible collagen fibers (glassy)
functions to support and reinforce, resilent cusion, resists repetive stress
Location: fetal skeleton, ends of long bones, costal cartilage of ribs, cartilages of nose trachea and larynx
Term
elastic cartilage
Definition
contains many elastic fibers, able to tolerate repeted bending; great flexibility
maintains shape and structure
located in external ear and epiglottis
Term
fibrocartilage-
Definition
resists strong compression and strong tension- intermediate between hyaline (less firm) and elastic
thick collagen fibers predominate
tensile strength and ability to absorb compressive shock
located in intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, and discs of knee joint
Term
What is appositional growth?
Definition
Cartilage growth at edges when chondroblasts in surrounding perichondrium produce new cartilage
Term
What is interstitial growth>
Definition
chondrocytes within cartilage divide and secret new matrix.
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