Term
| Ctrl-alt Fx (2-6) will do what? |
|
Definition
| Switch to a shell based prompt |
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|
Term
| How do you switch back from a shell based prompt? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the command "zsh" do? |
|
Definition
| Opens a diffferent editor like "bash" terminal |
|
|
Term
| How do you view your own default shell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you open a new shell when you are already in a text shell ? |
|
Definition
| Alt F1-F7 (inside linux gnome/kde gui desktop) |
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Term
| When you are inside linux windows and you want to switch to a shell you press "ctrl alt f1-f6." Once inside, you have to press what to go to a different login shell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you see what kind of shell variables there are? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you shut down the system using a command? |
|
Definition
You can type "Halt" or
Type "Reboot"
or
Type "init 0" as a root. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shutsdown and reboots the computer as a root |
|
|
Term
| what does the cmd "man" do and how do you use it? (ex) |
|
Definition
Man opens up a manual page for the command utility specified.
Example: man dir |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The info utility also displays a help page for the indicated command or utility. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
It switches the current user to a new user account. SU by itself will automatically switch to a super user (root) account.
ex: su darkmantis or su tracy |
|
|
Term
| How do you list the applications running? |
|
Definition
type "top"
Then if "mplayer" is running with a process of 23933, to kill it, type "kill 23933" |
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Term
| In Linux, you can press what to have the system try to guess the rest of the long line you are typing for you? |
|
Definition
press the tab key.
example: mplayer "DJ-Greg-Flux
outputs "mplayer "DJ-Greg-Flux-2011.mp3" |
|
|
Term
| What does the command "which" do? |
|
Definition
Displays the path of the cmd you are trying to find:
which ls
/bin/ls |
|
|
Term
| What does "whoami" display? |
|
Definition
| User currently logged on. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
displays statistical information for the network:
netstat -r displays the routing tables |
|
|
Term
| what does the cmd "route" do? |
|
Definition
| This command is used to view or manipulate the system’s routing table. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
This command is used to manage network boards installed in the
system. |
|
|
Term
| How do you display the current kernel release and distribution release inside a shell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you press in VI to delete a word after the cursor including the space following the word? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you press in VI to delete the word that comes after the cursor but NOT the space? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you exit and save in VI |
|
Definition
wq
w! or q! writes (forced) and q! (quits forced without saving) |
|
|
Term
| In VI, what can you type to delete from the insertion point to the end of the line? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you type in VI to delete the entire line? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can you paste the information deleted in the last deletion operation after the current cursor location? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you press in VI to undo the last action? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you search for something in VI ? |
|
Definition
press the "/"
/search_term example: /learn |
|
|
Term
| how do you Print the Working Directory in linux? You know, where you can see what directory you're currently inside? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is located in /etc/fstab |
|
Definition
| It lists the partitions and files systems that will be automatically mounted when the system boots. |
|
|
Term
| What is contained in /etc/group |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is contained in /etc/hosts |
|
Definition
| It contains a list of hostname to IP address mappings the system can use to resolve hostnames |
|
|
Term
| what is contained in /etc/inittab |
|
Definition
| It contains configuration parameters for the init process. |
|
|
Term
| What is contained in /etc/init.d/ |
|
Definition
| It's a subdirectory that contains startup scripts for services installed on the system. On Fedora or Red hat, these are located in the /etc/rc.d/init.d |
|
|
Term
| What is contained in /etc/modules.conf |
|
Definition
| It contains configuration parameters for your kernal modules |
|
|
Term
| What is contained in /etc/passwd |
|
Definition
| It contains your system user accounts |
|
|
Term
| What does /etc/shadow contain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does /etc/X11/ contain? |
|
Definition
| Configuration files for X Windows |
|
|
Term
| What is contained in your /sbin directory? |
|
Definition
| This directory contains important system management and administration files, such as fdisk, fsck, ifconfig, init, mkfs, shutdown and halt. |
|
|
Term
What is contained in /usr/bin
/usr/lib
/usr/sbin
/usr/share |
|
Definition
/usr/bin Most of your exe programs
/usr/lib Library files
/usr/sbin System admin programs
/usr/share Doc and man pages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
/srv - services running on the sys like http and ftpd
/sys - info about the hardware on your sys
/tmp - directory contains temp files
/usr/ application files
/var - variable data - log files etc |
|
|
Term
| which device file points to the floppy disk in a linux system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which device points to a IDE CD-ROM drive connected to the primary IDE channel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What directory contains your Linux system's configuration files? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does FIFO stand for? |
|
Definition
First In First Out.
-special files used to move data from one running process on the system to another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| They are file pointers that point to other files in the file system. |
|
|
Term
| What's linux version of Copy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's linux's version of DEL? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| it displays all files, including hidden files. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| displays a long listing of the directory contents. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It displays the directory recursively ; that is, it dislays the contents of the directory as well as the contents of all subdirectories. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
displays the current txt file on screen.
ex: cat test.txt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| displays a text file on the screen, but gives you a pause on a long file. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It displays the first couple of lines of a text file on the screen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It displays the last couple of lines of a text file on screen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the command "grep" do? |
|
Definition
It searchs a large file, like a log file, for a particular string:
example: grep search_text |
|
|
Term
| what command formats a partition with a files system? |
|
Definition
mkfs
ex: mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdc1 |
|
|
Term
| what is tar's syntax for backing up files? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you extract a file using tar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you view a user's UID, GID, Group # ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does linux distrubtions look for during authentication? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does LDAP stand for and what does it do? |
|
Definition
Leightweight Directory Authentication Protocol.
Connects to servers using hierarchical authentication like Novell or Windows Active Directory |
|
|
Term
| If you need to check your users and verify that they are configured properly, what command could you use to do this? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you create a user? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you delete a user? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you modify a user? |
|
Definition
usermod
usermod -c edits the full name
usermod -g sets the default group
usermod -l changes username
usermod -p changes passwd
usermod -u sets the UID |
|
|
Term
how do you add a group?
How do you modify a group?
How do you delete a group? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you change the users group? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you change the group on a user? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in a directory, the first letter stand for what? (ls -l) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in a directory, the second three letters from left to right stand for what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in a directory, the 3 letters in the middle stand for what (ls -l) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in a directory, the 3 letters from right to left on ls -l stand for what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the permission values of Read? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the permission levels of Write |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the permission levels of Execute? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does "bash" stand for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does bash store individual user's shell preferences? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are the login shells configuration parameters stored for system wide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which configuration file is used when a user opens a non-login bash shell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you view your bash history? |
|
Definition
| cat, less, more ~/.bash_history |
|
|
Term
| how do you create an alias command? |
|
Definition
alias ls2="ls -al" example -
alias ="" |
|
|
Term
| how do you redirect a directory into a text file using tail? |
|
Definition
tail /var/log/messages 1>lastmessages
creates a text file called "lastmessages" using the tail end of the log file messages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sort <./words
(words is a created text file) |
|
|
Term
| How do you view the date in your shell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you change a file so that it can be executed? |
|
Definition
| chmod u+x ./test (filename) |
|
|
Term
| how do you list all of the current processes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you view the processes - or mainly - search for a certain process? |
|
Definition
| ps -el | grep
ex: ps -el | grep vi |
|
|
Term
| how do you change the priority level of a running process? |
|
Definition
renice 4 5662
changes priority to level 4 of process 5662 |
|
|
Term
| how do you run a program in the background while currently in a shell? |
|
Definition
place an & after the program.
ex: oofromtemplate & |
|
|
Term
| how do you list background jobs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you place a background job in the foreground? |
|
Definition
fg
ex: fg 1 ([1]+ 7527 stopped vi |
|
|
Term
| how do you place a fg job in the background? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you kill a job or kill more than 1 job? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the term initrd stand for? |
|
Definition
| It's the initial ramdisk that is created at startup. |
|
|
Term
| how do you resolve host names to their IP addresses? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can you display your current route configuration? |
|
Definition
ifconfig
and to see the default gate route you can also type "cat ./routes" in your /etc/sysconfig/network/ directory. |
|
|
Term
| how do you list your current network statistics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| command to ping and trace a route? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you start a process that will allow it to run and ignore any hang-up signals like logging out from a shell prompt? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's the difference between kill and killall? |
|
Definition
| kill stops processes by PID # and killall stops processes by process name. |
|
|
Term
| what command sends a job to a printer? |
|
Definition
lpr -Samsung -m jones report.txt
sends to the samsung printer and emails jones after printing. |
|
|
Term
| what rpm switch allows you to remove an installed package from your system? |
|
Definition
rpm -e
rpm -i install
rpm -u upgrade
rpm -v verify
rpm -q query |
|
|
Term
| What's the difference between dos' fdisk and linux's Fdisk |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wht's the general rule of thumb for swap spaces? |
|
Definition
| they should be atleast 1.5 to 2 x's your ram. |
|
|
Term
| Can Swap spaces reside on NFS mounts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what command lists the free memory? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After reconfiguring your print queries, what do you type to restart your printer daemon? |
|
Definition
| /etc/rc.d/init.d/lpd restart |
|
|
Term
| The var directory command holds what 3 things? |
|
Definition
| mail, print spools, system log files. |
|
|
Term
| How do you check your hd? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the lpc command do? |
|
Definition
| lpc starts, stops, reorders jobs within print queues. |
|
|
Term
| What command displays the contents of the kernel ring buffer and is used for diagnosing certain types of hardware or kernel problems? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two types of errors can occur when logged in as a normal user? |
|
Definition
| file acces error and tape drive error. |
|
|
Term
| How do you find out what modules are loaded at any given time? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's the difference between insmod and modprobe? |
|
Definition
| modprobe loads all the dependencies and insmod loads one module at a time. |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of lpq? |
|
Definition
| it displays info on the printqueue. How many files it contains and who their owners are. |
|
|
Term
| What does the lpr -h switch do? |
|
Definition
| Suppresses the banner for a single print job |
|
|
Term
| To edit a users cron file, what do you type? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the purpose of lprm? |
|
Definition
| it removes 1 or more jobs from the print queue. |
|
|
Term
| what describes configuration files? |
|
Definition
| they are frequently named after the server or its protocol. |
|
|
Term
| what does the lpr -r switch do? |
|
Definition
| deletes the original file after printing it. |
|
|
Term
| where are the variables and program environments stored when the bash shell is run? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what too can you use to measure a hard disk's speed under linux? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what can you use to query the system hardware to generate an xf86config file? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what command will show you how much disk space is available on each partition? |
|
Definition
df -h human readble
df -i inode
du - disk usage on dirs |
|
|
Term
| To find ports in linux, where do you look? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is unique about Grub (grand unified boot loader)? |
|
Definition
| 1st boot loader that could directly boot liux from above the 1024 cylinder. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 cmds will display all storage devices that are currently mounted? |
|
Definition
cat /etc/mtab
cat /proc/mounts |
|
|
Term
| what purpose does the "!" stand for in a script? |
|
Definition
| In scripts it will execute a command after the exclamation !. |
|
|
Term
| What command returns the results of the IP you enter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you view a process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is your printer capture program located? |
|
Definition
/etc/printcap
-capture what you have
-show your queue and printer name. |
|
|
Term
| what can you edit to start and stop a process? |
|
Definition
/etc/rc.d/init.d
./daemon start or stop |
|
|
Term
| how do you see what's in the printer queue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what file is responsible for dns configuration and how do you get it up? |
|
Definition
| named.conf and use bindconfig. |
|
|
Term
| how do you remove unused modules? |
|
Definition
rmmod -a removes all unused modules
-r removes a stack of modules
-s outputs all msgs to users |
|
|
Term
| What does Samba allow you to do? |
|
Definition
| It allos you to communicate with windows based networks. |
|
|
Term
| what does the ps -A command do? |
|
Definition
| it shows you all the commands running, not just the ones u started. |
|
|
Term
| what command do you type to get a word count in a file? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What must a linux computer have running in order to access windows networking environments? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you type to see who is currently logged in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gui tool will allow you to configure your print queue with a smart filter for non-specific post script printers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the most common fdisk switches? |
|
Definition
-d delete a partition
-n create a new partition
-D display partition layout
-q quit without saving
-t change a partitions type code
-w write savings and quit |
|
|
Term
| what is the name of the log file created during a linux installation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the purpse of the inittab and where is it located? |
|
Definition
to change the run level
/etc/rc.d/rc1 rc2 etc. |
|
|
Term
| what shows you the last time a user logged on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| to view groups, what command? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the init levels? |
|
Definition
0 halt
1 single user
3 multi-user
6 reboot |
|
|
Term
| what command will allow you create a group called "managers" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| it lists the current mounted file systems. |
|
|
Term
| Why should you avoid using telent for remote admin procedures? |
|
Definition
| because the passwords are unencrypted. |
|
|
Term
How do you create a symbolic link?
What is the command? |
|
Definition
| type ln -s /etc etc2 (example) |
|
|
Term
| what's the difference between find and locate? |
|
Definition
| locate finds it faster through a database. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do you press while in a shell to pause a program? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| upgrades a package only if an earlier version already exists (freshens it). |
|
|
Term
| what switches/commands do you enter to update your debian linux? |
|
Definition
apt-get update
or
apt-get dist-upgrade |
|
|
