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CompTIA A+ 2009 Display Hardware Skillport
SkillPort
110
Computer Networking
Professional
07/12/2011

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Cards

Term
Name 3 ways display hardware may vary.
Definition
1. display technologies
2. characteristics & display settings
3. connector types
Term
The computer sends drawing instructions to the _____ ______.
Definition
video adapter
Term
The video adapter converts drawing instructions into colored ______ and sends them to the _______.
Definition
pixels
monitor
Term
Name the 3 main modes that can be used with multiple monitors.
Definition
1. mirrored or clones
2. extended
3. external display only
Term
Name the 3 most common display technologies.
Definition
CRT
LCD
Projectors
Term
The p________ coating on the screen is struck by electronic b______. The coating then g______s for a fraction of s_______. The electronic b______ must strike the p________ coating many times to keep it g_____ing. What type of technology is this called?
Definition
phosphorous
beams
glow
second
beams
phosphorous
glow
CRT Technology
Term
Use 3 electron beams to product images.
Definition
CRT monitors
Term
These are used to to isolate electron beams around the electron gun.
Definition
deflection coils
Term
Once the electron beams have reached the screen what is used to focus the signal on the phosphorous coating?
Definition
a magnetic yoke
Term
Heated element at the rear of the monitor
Definition
cathode
Term
When the _____ is heated, negatively charged rays are emitted and are attracted by a positively charged _____, which focuses the rays.
Definition
cathode
anode
Term
what is the advantage of a triad of dots
Definition
allows the RGB phosphors to be illuminated simultaneously
Term
How do phosphor triads become misaligned?
Definition
When powerful magnets from speakers or industrial motors magnetize the mask or grill used to focus the electron beams.
Term
What can be done to demagnetize a monitor?
Definition
Use the degaussing button.
Term
This happens automatically when you turn a CRT monitor on resetting the voltages of the electronic beams.
Definition
degaussing
Term
Name 9 specifications for CRT monitors.

SVH
CC
A
RR
DP
Definition
screen size
vertical size
horizontal size
centering
convergence
aspect ratio
resolution
refresh rate
dot pitch
Term
Screen size value can be misleading because the measurement includes areas of the picture tube that are behind the ______ or plastic case that surrounds the viewable area of the screen. For this reason, you might also find another measurement called the _________ _____, which measures just the portion of the screen that is visible.
Definition
bezel
viewable area
Term
How are vertical, horizontal size, centering and convergence set on a CRT?
Definition
Using buttons on the monitor.
Term
Why are size and centering settings adjustable on a CRT monitor?
Definition
To ensure that the display area reaches the edges of the screen.
Term
What is convergence?
Definition
A specification for CRT monitors that set the horizontal and vertical alignment of colors displayed on the screen.
Term
The relationship between the horizontal size and the vertical size.
Definition
aspect ratio
Term
What is the standard CRT aspect ratio?
Definition
4:3
Term
The number of pixels on the display device.
Definition
pixels
Term
What is the relationship between resolution and pixel size?
Definition
For two different sized monitors with the same resolution (rows x column) the smaller the monitor, the smaller the picture which could make the resolution seem higher.
Term
Also known as vertical scan frequency
Definition
Refresh Rate
Term
The higher the refresh rate...
Definition
the more stable the image.
Term
What is the recommended refresh rate for a CRT?
Definition
85Hz
Term
The predefined measurement between pixels on a screen.
Definition
dot pitch
Term
For dot pitch, the lower the number...
Definition
the clearer the display.
Term
What is a typical dot pitch?
Definition
0.27mm
Term
The relationship between horizontal and vertical screen length
Definition
aspect ratio
Term
The distance in millimeters between pixels on the screen.
Definition
dot pitch
Term
The horizontal and vertical alignment of colors on the screen.
Definition
convergence
Term
The number of pixels displayed per column and row.
Definition
resolution
Term
A measurement of the number of times per second that a display is redrawn.
Definition
refresh rate
Term
List 5 advantages of LCD over CRT.

phrdg
Definition
less power
less heat
less radiation
less desk space for same viewable area
less glare
Term
What happens to a liquid crystal when presented with an electric field?
Definition
They align to allow light to pass through.
Term
What are 3 of the major functional components of an LCD?
Definition
layers of liquid crystals
fluorescent light source
polarizing filters
Term
What controls a pixel's transparency in a LCD?
Definition
a transistor
Term
each pixel is made up of 3 subpixels
Definition
LCD monitors
Term
On LCD monitors, s________ are covered by a red, green, or blue filter and is controlled by an individual _____.
Definition
subpixel
transistor
Term
What are the two categories of LCD monitors?
Definition
passive matrix
active matrix
Term
Consists of a series of intersecting wires where single LCD elements allow light to pass through.
Definition
passive matrix display
Term
Transistors behind each pixel stimulate electrodes that rearrange the liquid crystals.
Definition
active matrix display
Term
TFT display
Definition
Thin Film Transistor display also known as active matrix display
Term
Name 9 LCD specifications

ss
va
rt
cr
nr
br
or
uh
anti

SS
VA
RT
CR
NR
BR
OR
HB
LK
Definition
screen size
viewing angle
response time
contrast ratio
native resolution
brightness
LCD orientation
USB hub
anti-theft lock
Term
(T/F)
LCD monitor screen size is measured just like CRT monitors where the viewable area includes the bezel.
Definition
False
LCDs only display the viewable area, CRTs also report the hidden portion of the screen hidden by the bezel.
Term
The maximum angle from which images can be viewed without being distorted.
Definition
viewing angle
Term
The time it takes in milliseconds for a single pixel to turn on and off.
Definition
response time
Term
(T/F)
For LCD monitors, response time is inversely proportional to performance.
Definition
False
An 8ms response time would be used for gaming applications while a 20ms response time would be sufficient for word processing.
Term
The difference in light intensity between a fully lit pixel and a fully dark pixel while the display is active.
Definition
contrast ratio
Term
(T/F)
CRT displays have almost infinite contrast ratios.
Definition
True
Term
What are the two types of contrast ratios?
Definition
static contrast ratio
dynamic contrast ratio
Term
What is a typical contrast ratio for an LCD monitor?
Definition
between 500 - 1000:1
Term
The ratio of the brightest and darkest colors that can be produced at the same time.
Definition
static contrast ratio
Term
The ratio of the brightest and darkest colors produced over various intervals of time.
Definition
dynamic contrast ratio
Term
The physical number of pixels that a screen matrix includes.
Definition
native resolution
Term
(T/F)
If you set a monitor to display at a lower than its native resolution, it will reduce the size of the visible display.
Definition
True
Term
What is the reason a monitor might interpolate multiple pixels to produce an image similar to the original, but with a blurred appearance?
Definition
Setting a monitor at a lower resolution than its native resolution.
Term
According to Skillport, these are the common resolutions for LCD monitors.
Definition
VGA 800x600
XGA 1024x768
SXGA 1280x1024
UXGA 1600x1200
Term
Luminescence is also known as _______ and the typical range is ___ cd/m2 to ____ cd/m2.
Definition
brightness
250
500
Term
Is measured in candelas per meter squared.
Definition
brightness
Term
(T/F)
It is not possible to put a USB port on an LCD monitor.
Definition
False.
According to Skillport some manufacturers will add a self-powered hub which allows mobile users access to system ports.
Term
What is VESA and what is significant wrp to LCD monitors?
Definition
Video Electronics Standard Association offers specification for wall mounting, which is one way to prevent theft.
Term
There are 786,432 pixels displayed by this graphics adapter.
Definition
XGA
Term
These four graphics adapters have no less than a million pixels per display.
Definition
SXGA
WXGA
WSXGA
UXGA
Term
WUXGA has over __ ______ pixels per display, while ________ has over 4 million pixels per display.
Definition
2 million
WQXGA
Term
The maximum degree of tilt at which you can clearly see images on an LCD screen.
Definition
viewing angle
Term
Response time is the number of ms it takes ________ to turn on and off.
Definition
a single pixel
Term
The number of pixels that constitute a physical screen matrix, arranged in columns and rows.
Definition
native resolution
Term
What 3 parts allow a projector to project an image from a computer onto a large screen for viewing.
Definition
a light source
an optics system
electronics
Term
List 6 ways a projector can be connected to a source.
Definition
VGA
S-Video
composite
component
DVI
HDMI
Term
What are the 3 main types of projectors?
Definition
LCD
DLP
LCoS
Term
What technology is described by the following features?

a lamp
a beam-splitting mirror
3 color-specific, polysilicone panels
prism
lens
Definition
transmissive technology for an LCD projector
Term
DLP
Definition
Digital Light Processing
Term
DMD
Definition
Digital Micromirror Device
Term
A ____ is a semiconductor chip containing miniature pivoting _______ that are used to reflect red, green, and blue light to a screen for images.
Definition
DMD
mirrors
Term
DLP projector technology relies upon this semiconductor chip.
Definition
DMD
Term
In a DMD what is the ratio of mirror to pixel?
Definition
1:1
Term
LCoS
Definition
Liquid Crystal on Silicon
Term
This projector technology combines LCD and DLP strategies for project an image.
Definition
LCoS
Term
How does LCoS differ from DLP technology?
Definition
LCoS incorporates the use of 3 dedicated color-specific chips rather then a single chip per pixel.
Term
How does LCoS differ from LCD technology?
Definition
LCoS has a reflective surface underneath each color specific panel that when reflecting light will change the state of the color-specific chips to create an image.
Term
HDMI
Definition
High Definition Multimedia Interface
Term
Name the two types of HDMI connectors, and which is used more commonly?
Definition
Type A
Type B
Type A
Term
RCA connectors in component cable create a separate signal for the colorless part of the data stream called ______.
Definition
luminance.
Term
_______ _______ is an analog video connector comprising three ___ connectors.
Definition
Component cable
RCA
Term
_____ connectors combine black and white information with the ___ streams.
Definition
RGB
RGB
Term
This cable typically has three heads on one end.
Definition
component video cable
Term
What is the context and meaning of Pb?
Definition
It's used to describe component video cable and is the stream for blue minus luminance.
Term
What is the context and meaning of Pr?
Definition
It's describes component video cable and represents the red minus luminance stream.
Term
Where are the Pb and Pr streams derived from in component video cable transmission?
Definition
from the RGB separation
Term
DVI
Definition
Digital Visual Interface
Term
These connectors supply both analog and digital information.
Definition
DVI
Term
What configuration is a DVI connector?
Definition
D-subconnector
Term
This connector has a long horizontal pin on one side of the face of the connector and rows of pins next to it that may vary depending on the device.
Definition
DVI
Term
Combines luminance and chrominance to create the signal for the image.
Definition
composite cable
Term
What type of connector can be found on composite cable?
Definition
a yellow RCA connetor
Term
_______ cables are less sophisticated than S-video and component cables.
Definition
composite
Term
Separate brightness and color information into two paths.
Definition
S-video
Term
What type of connector is S-video?
Definition
4-pin mini-DIN connector
Term
What is the context for a 4-pin mini-DIN connector being compatible with a 7-pin female connector?
Definition
S-video
Term
What are the 3 categories of DVI connectors?
Definition
DVI-A
DVI-D
DVI-I
Term
Provides an analog only connection using 12 pins.
Definition
DVI-A
Term
Provides a digital only connection using 18-24 pins depending on whether or not it's a single- or dual-link connector.
Definition
DVI-D
Term
Supports both digital and analog signals by using 22 - 28 pins with the 4 analog pins above and below the grounding blade.
Definition
DVI-I
Term
Analog video connector comprising three RCA connectors.
Definition
component cable
Term
A type of projector that combines LCD and DLP technologies.
Definition
LCoS projector
Term
A type of display connector that separates brightness and color information into two paths.
Definition
S-video
Term
A type of projector that consists of a lamp, beam splitting mirrors, and three polysilicone panels.
Definition
LCD projector
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