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Components of Body Systems
Components and functions of body systems
22
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
08/26/2007

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Term
Integumentary System Components
Definition
Skin and structures derived from it such as hair, nails, and sweat and oil glands.
Term
Integumentary System Functions
Definition
Helps regulate body temperature; protects the body; eliminates some waste; helps make vitamin D; detects sensations such as pressure, pain, warmth, and cold.
Term
Skeletal System Components
Definition
All the bones of the body, their associated cartilage's, and joints
Term
Skeletal System Functions
Definition
Supports and protects the body, assists with body movements, stores cells that produce blood cells, and stores minerals and lipids (fats)
Term
Muscular System Components
Definition
Specifically refers to skeletal muscle tissue, which is muscle usually attatched to bones (other muscle tissue includes smooth and cardiac)
Term
Muscular System Functions
Definition
Participates in bringing about movement, maintains posture, and produces heat.
Term
Nervous System Components
Definition
Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs such as the eye and the ear.
Term
Nervous System Functions
Definition
Regulates body activities through hormones transported to the blood to various target organs
Term
Endocrine System Components
Definition
All glands and tissues that produce chemical regulators of body functions called hormones
Term
Endocrine System Functions
Definition
Regulates body activities through hormones transported by the blood to various target organs
Term
Cardiovascular System Components
Definition
Blood, heart, and blood vessels
Term
Cardiovascular System Functions
Definition
Heart pumps blood through blood vessels; blood carries oxygen and nutrients to cells and carbon dioxide and wastes away from cells, and helps regulate acidity, temperature, and water content of body fluids; blood components help defend against disease and mend damage blood vessels.
Term
Lymphatic System Components
Definition
Lymphatic fluid and vessels; spleen thymus, lymph nodes, and tonsils; cells that carry out immune responses (B cells, T cells, and others).
Term
Lymphatic System Functions
Definition
Returns proteins and fluid to blood; carries lipids from gastrointestinal tract to blood; contains sites of maturation and proliferation of B cells and cells that protect against disease-causing organisms
Term
Respiratory System Components
Definition
Lungs and air passageways such as the pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe, and bronchial tubes leading into and out of them).
Term
Respiratory System Functions
Definition
Transfer oxygen from inhaled air to blood and carbon dioxide from blood to exhaled air; helps regulate acidity of body fluids; air flowing out of lungs through vocal cords produces sound.
Term
Digestive System Components
Definition
Organs of gastrointestinal tract, including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, rectum, and anus; also includes accessory digestive organs that assist in digestive processes, such as the salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.
Term
Digestive System Functions
Definition
Achieves physical and chemical breakdown of food; absorbs nutrients; eliminates solid waste
Term
Urinary System Components
Definition
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
Term
Urinary System Functions
Definition
Produces, stores, and eliminates urine; eliminates wastes and regulates volume and chemical composition of blood; maintains body's mineral balance; helps regulate red blood cell production
Term
Reproductive System Components
Definition
Gonads (testes or ovaries) and associated organs; uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina in females, and epididymis, ductus (vas) deferens, and penis in males. Also, mammary glands in females.
Term
Reproductive System Functions
Definition
Produce Gametes, release hormones, and mammary glands produce milk
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