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Comparitive Anatomy Unit 8: Nervous sytems
Dr. Cross's nervous systems Unit of MU Undergraduate Anatomy
94
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
07/21/2011

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Term
which n and CNn are included in the PNS?
Definition
3-12 and spinal nn
Term
two functions of the PNS
Definition
collect sensory info from internal/external environments and efferent moter signals to mm
Term
somatic sensory info
Definition
sensory
Term
smell, taste, sight and balance
Definition
special senses
Term
somatic moter info to mm
Definition
motor
Term
afferent and efferent sensory and moter info
Definition
mixed
Term
CN I
Definition
olfacorty-smell
Term
CN II
Definition
optic-vision
Term
CN III
Definition
oculomoter-pupil size, dorsal ventral medial rectus mm, ventral oblique and levator palpebral superioris mm
Term
CN IV
Definition
trochlear-dorsal oblique M of eye
Term
CN V
Definition
trigeminal-ophtalmic (eyelids sensory), maxillary (lacrimal gland, nasal mucosa, skin and upper lip and nose sensory) and mandibular (m of mastication and cheek sensory)
Term
CN VI
Definition
abducent-lateral rectus and retractor bulbi Mm of eye
Term
CN VII
Definition
facial-superficial Mm of head and face, digasstricus m, stylohoideus and stapedius and platysma; rostral 2/3 of tough (tympani); concave surface of ear and canal sensory; lacrimal, nasal, palatine glands, mandibular and sublingual glands
Term
CN VIII
Definition
vestibulocochlear-blance equilibrium and hearing
Term
CN IX
Definition
glossopharyngeal-caudal 1/3 of toung and pharnx and palate sence; mm of pharynx; parotid salivary gland and carotid sinus baro and chemo receptors
Term
CN X
Definition
vagus-pharyngeal mm, intrinsic mm (recurrent layrngeal) and cricothyroideus (cranial layrngeal); sense to pharynx, larnx, thoracic and abdominal viscera; PSNS to phary, lary, trachea, esophagus and thor and ab viscera
Term
CN XI
Definition
accessory-motor to mm of neck and some forlimb (trapezius)
Term
CN XII
Definition
hypoglossal-motor to tongue
Term
what does the ANS control?
Definition
physoiologic activities in the body that dont require conscious activity
Term
the ANS is aka
Definition
visceral nervous system
Term
what is the central control of the ANS?
Definition
hypothalamus
Term
the hypothalamus in the ANS controls what?
Definition
biorythms, appetite, water balance, body temp, sex behavior, sleep, emotion and cariovascular system
Term
what are the two parts of the ANS?
Definition
SNS, PSNS
Term
neurons of the SNS or PSNS are either what?
Definition
pre-ganglionic or post-gnaglionic
Term
what does pre-or post gnaglionic mean?
Definition
nerve cell bodies are located b4 entering or after leaving a ganglion
Term
SNS is the so-called
Definition
fight or flight
Term
what happens when sns is stimulated?
Definition
increase in hrt rate, resp rate, bp, blood flow to skeletal mm, alerness, metabolism and energy mobilization, sweating and piloerection
Term
SNS willl decrease what
Definition
urinary, repro, digestive and blood flow to visceral organs
Term
where does the SNS arise from?
Definition
thoracolumbar region of spinal cord
Term
the majority of pre-ganglionic neuron cell bodies are in which horn?
Definition
lateral
Term
in the ganglia of the sypathetic trunk, the pre-ganglionic fibers synapse with what?
Definition
post ganglionic neurons
Term
pre-ganglionic fibers are long/short while post-ganglionic fibers are long/short
Definition
short; long
Term
the neck and head are supplied by neurons from where?
Definition
first through fourth thoracic spinal nerves
Term
what is the source of sympathetic innervation of the neck?
Definition
vertebral nerve
Term
vagosympathetic trunk
Definition
ascending sypathetic fibers bundled with the vagus n for the head
Term
what is the name of the sheath surrounding the vagosympathetic trunk?
Definition
carotid sheath
Term
what ganglionic fibers does the sypathetic portionof the vagosympathetic trunk contain?
Definition
both pre-and post-
Term
part of the spinal cord with the presence of a pair of spinal nerves
Definition
spinal cord segment
Term
where is the dorsal root located
Definition
b/t the DRG and the spinal cord
Term
ascending nerve tracts from the periphery synaps with what?
Definition
psudounipolar neurons in the DRG
Term
axons from the dorsal root synapse with what?
Definition
neurons in the ventral horn of the spinal cord
Term
where do the dorsal and ventral roots unite at?
Definition
intervetral foramen
Term
intervertebral foramina
Definition
where cervical and spinal nerves pass through
Term
what is located caudomedial to the tympanic bulla of the skull
Definition
cranial cervical ganglion
Term
what is the nerve formula of a dog?
Definition
8 C, 13 T, 7 L, 3 S and 5 Cd
Term
a stimulus to a tendon would send a signal where?
Definition
the afferent nerve to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord then synapses on a short interneuron then extends to the ventral horn to synapse on the efferent nerve to jerk the muscle
Term
what is b/t each vertebra?
Definition
intervertbral disk
Term
the outer layer of circumferential collagen fibers of the intervertebral disk
Definition
anulus fibrosus
Term
the inner gelatinous core of an intervertebral disk
Definition
nucleus pulposus
Term
a network of nerves that is derived from the last 3 C and first 1 or 2 T spinal nn
Definition
brachial plexus
Term
the brachial plexus is associated with what?
Definition
cervical intumenscence
Term
the nn of the plexus innervate what mm?
Definition
of the thoracic limb and provide sense
Term
n that innervates the supraspinatus and infraspinatus mm
Definition
suprascapular n
Term
nn that are motor to the superficial and deep pectoral mm
Definition
pectoral nn
Term
n that is motor to the subscapular m
Definition
subscapular n
Term
n motor to the biceps brachii, brachialis and coracobrahialis Mm as well as antebrachium, carpus and craniomedial metacarpus
Definition
musculocutaneous n
Term
n motor to the teres major and minor mm and the deltoids and sensory to the shoulder area
Definition
axillary n
Term
n that is motor to the triceps brachii and anconeus mm and extensor antebrachium and craniolateral antebrachium sensory
Definition
radial n
Term
n that innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris, ddf and intrinsic mm of the digit as wll as antebrachium and metacarpus and food sensory
Definition
ulnar n
Term
n that innervates the flexor carpi radialis, s and ddf and pronator teres mm and sense to the caudal metacarpus and foot
Definition
median n
Term
nn that are motor to the latissiumus dorsi M and cutaneaus trunci M, respectively
Definition
thracodorsal and lateral thoracic
Term
n that is motor to the middle and deep gluteal mm and the tensor faciae latea
Definition
cranial gluteal n
Term
n that is superficial gluteal m and parts of the middle gluteal semitendinousus and bicps femoris mm in the horse
Definition
caudal gluteal n
Term
n that is motor to the sartorius quadriceps femoris and iliopsoad mm and is also sensory to the medial aspect of the thigh
Definition
femoral n
Term
n that innervates the adductor, gracialis, pectineus and external obturator mm
Definition
obturator n
Term
n that is a large n that innervates the hamsting m, the internal obturator gemelli femoris mm
Definition
scaiatic n
Term
n that innervates the cranial tibial, long digital and lateral digital extnsor and preroneus mm. sensory to the dorsal metatarsus and digits
Definition
common fibular n
Term
n that innervates flexors of the pelvic limb and is sensory to the caudal crus, plantar metatarsus and digits
Definition
tibial n
Term
joining of the caudal cervical ganglion and the first two or three thoracic sypathetic ganglia
Definition
cervicothoracic ganglion
Term
fibers from the cervicothoracic ganglion form a loop around the subclavian artery called what?
Definition
ansa subclavia
Term
the ansa subclavia unites what?
Definition
the middle cervical ganglion
Term
the point at which the vagus nerve and sumpathetic trunk separate again
Definition
middle cervical ganglion
Term
celiacomesenteric gaglion and plexus
Definition
the celiac and cranial mesenteric ganglion
Term
the medulla of the adrenal gland is under what control
Definition
sympathetic
Term
which A is the ganglion associated with?
Definition
the caudal mesenteric
Term
what fibers do the hypogastric nerves contain?
Definition
postganglionic
Term
are the splanchnic nn under pre or post ganglionic?
Definition
pre
Term
what do the splanchnic nn form?
Definition
ganglia and plexuses associated with major blood vessels branching from the abdominal aorta
Term
where are the preganglionic nerve cell bodies of the PSNS located?
Definition
specific nuclei in the brainstem and in the sacral portion of the spinal cord
Term
where are post ganglionic nerve cell bodies located?
Definition
ganglia on or in the wall of a structue or in ganglia near the innervated structure
Term
4 CN with PSNS components
Definition
3, 7, 9 and 10
Term
PSNS of the oculomoter N
Definition
pupil constriction and lens accomodation
Term
PSNS of the facial N
Definition
secretory glands in the head like lacrimal gland and mandibular and subligual salivary glands
Term
PSNS of the glossopharyngeal N
Definition
parotic salivary glands
Term
vegus N account for ___% of all preganglionci PSNS fibers
Definition
90
Term
in the thorax the branches of the vagus N go to where?
Definition
cardiac, pulmonary and esohageal nerve plexuses
Term
both vagus N split to become what?
Definition
dorsal and ventral vagal trunks
Term
in the abdomen, the dorsal vagal trunks supply what?
Definition
hepatic and gastric plexuses
Term
in the abdomen, the ventral vagal trunk supplies what?
Definition
celiac, mesenteric, renal and gonadal plexuses
Term
nerve fibers for the sacral segment of the PSNS are located where?
Definition
within the pelvic N leading to the pelvic plexus then to bladder, descending colon and external genitalia
Term
where is a self-contained nervous sytem the exerts control over digestiv functions
Definition
within the walls of the organs
Term
components of the Enteric nervous system
Definition
myenteric/aurbach's plexus and submucosal/meissner's plexus
Term
sensory portion of the ENS receives info about what?
Definition
stretch, chemical comp of the contents of the digestive tract and gastointestinal hormones
Term
the moter component of the ENS is responsible for what?
Definition
local reflex activity and gut motility
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