Term
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Definition
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Term
| the smell that a dam smells on her young is from what? |
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Definition
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Term
| part of the ethmoid bone containing numerous foramina that allow passage of the nerve fibers and blood vessles |
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Definition
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Term
| what separates the nasal cavity from the cranial cavity |
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Definition
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Term
| what makes up the olfactory nerves |
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Definition
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Term
| fibers from the olfactory bulbs to the brain |
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Definition
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Term
| olfaction is routed to the thalamus and to the limbic system controlling what behaviors? |
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Definition
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Term
| olfactory epithelium in a diverticulum of the hard palate |
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Definition
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Term
| what has the function of sensing pheromones or chemical substances produced by one animal and affects the behavior in another |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the behavior of reproduction in ungulates? |
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Definition
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Term
| when a cat touches a smell, licks his nose and then opens his mouth is it termed what? |
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Definition
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Term
| papillae that have taste buds |
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Definition
| fungiform, foliate, vallate |
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Term
| leafe shaped ringed papillae, not in cow |
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Definition
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Term
| largest and least papillae |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| taste buds communicate with the oral cavity by what? |
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Definition
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Term
| what discharge secretion to cleanse taste pores |
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Definition
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Term
| what n sends fibers for taste to the rostral part of the tounge? |
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Definition
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Term
| what n innervates the caudal portion of the tounge? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| the caudal part of the tounge tastes what tastes? |
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Definition
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Term
| fungiform papillae have what tastes? |
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Definition
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Term
| vallate and foliate papillae respond to what tastes? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the 5 cutaneous senses? |
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Definition
| touch, pressur, pain, heat and cold |
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Term
| tufts from branches of nerve fibers that end as button like swellings or fine points |
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Definition
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Term
| what respond to heat and cold in the cutanous? |
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Definition
| bublbous corpuscular endings |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what repond to pressure in the cutaneous? |
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Definition
| lemellar corpuscular endings |
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Term
| what respond to touch in the cutaneous? |
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Definition
| meniscoid corpuscular endings |
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Term
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Definition
| pepties, proteins, eiconsinoids or steroids |
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Term
| throid releasing hormone is what type of hormone? |
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Definition
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Term
| FSH is what type of hormone? |
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Definition
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Term
| protiglandin is what type of hormone? |
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Definition
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Term
| estrogen is what kind of hormone? |
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Definition
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Term
| most feedback loops of the endocrine system is negative/positive |
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Definition
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Term
| what hormone stimulates the release of LH? |
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Definition
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Term
| a negative production loop does what? |
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Definition
| when one hormone is released it causes the release of another hormone |
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Term
| a positive feedback loop involves what? |
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Definition
| a hormone increase that signals further production of that hormone |
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Term
| stimulation of the nervous system causes a release of a hormone |
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Definition
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Term
| when the cell product is released and stimulates the same cells that produced it |
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Definition
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Term
| the cell product acts on neighboring cells |
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Definition
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Term
| sensory info to the hypothalamus is used to regulate endocrine output of what? |
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Definition
| hypothalamus and pituitary gland |
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Term
| network of vessels that surrounds the hypothalamus and pituitary gland |
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Definition
| hypophyseal portal system |
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Term
| neurons in the hypothalamus produce what? |
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Definition
| oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone |
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Term
| stimulatory and inhibitory hormones that act upon the anterior pituitary gland |
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Definition
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Term
| hypothalmus controls what 9 things? |
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Definition
1.biological rhythms
2.appetite
3.water balance
4.body temp
5.cardiovascular function
6.sexual behavior and activity
7.sleep
8.muscle tension
9.emotion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| the stalk of nervous tissue connecting the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pars nervosa or neurohypophysis |
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Term
| an outgrowth of the brain directly connected to the hypothalamus |
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Definition
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Term
| oxytocin is produced by what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| anterior pituitary is aka |
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Definition
| adenohypophysis or pars distalis |
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Term
| t/f the anterior pituitary directly attaches to the brain |
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Definition
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Term
| a ventral pouch of diencephalon during embyonic development becomes what? |
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Definition
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Term
| a ventral pouch of diencephalon that merges with a diverticulum of dorsal ectoderm from the pharynx is called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| rathke's pouch becomes what? |
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Definition
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Term
| the pars distalis produced what 6 major hormones? |
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Definition
1. GH
2. prolactin
3. FSH
44. LH
5. TSH
6. adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) |
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Term
| which part of the anterior pituitary is the smaller of the two? |
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Definition
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Term
| the pars intermedia produces what 3 hormones? |
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Definition
1.pro-opio-melanocortin
2.endogenous endorphins
3.melanocyte stimulating hormone |
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Term
| what is the depression in the sphenoid bone of the skull where the pituitary gland sits? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pineal body or epiphysis cerebri |
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Term
| where is the pineal gland located? |
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Definition
| dorsocaudal aspect of the diencephalon b/t the 2 hemispheres of the cerebrum |
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Term
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Definition
| cells of the pineal gland |
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Term
| pinealocytes produce what? |
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Definition
| serotoin and the enzyme to make it melatonin |
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Term
| how does the pineal gland know if it's light or dark? |
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Definition
| pathways from the eye to a nucleus in the hypothalamus to the pineal gland |
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Term
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Definition
| occur durring the spring and summer |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| where is the thyroid gland located? |
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Definition
| proximal part of the trachea near the thyroid cartilage of the larynx |
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Term
| a strip of thyroid tissue that connect two distinct lobes across a midline |
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Definition
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Term
| what product divides the thyroid gland into follicles |
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Definition
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Term
| protien and iodine complex that fills the thyroid gland follicles |
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Definition
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Term
| what 3 things are stored in the collid of the thyroid gland follicles |
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Definition
1.thyroid hormone
2.thyroxin
3.triiodothryonine |
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Term
| a pathological enlargement of the thyroid gland |
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Definition
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Term
| goiters are usually caused by what? |
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Definition
| lack of iodine in the diet |
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Term
| what are the thyroid cells that are scattered among the cells lining the follicles? |
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Definition
| C or parafollicular cells |
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Term
| what hormone is produced by thyroid cells? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| small aggregates of tissue witin or near the thyroid gland |
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Definition
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Term
| how many parathyroid glands do most domestic animals have? |
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Definition
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Term
| small and dark cells that are associated with prod. of parathyroid hormone |
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Definition
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Term
| larger of the two noted parathyroid cells |
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Definition
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Term
| what animals have oxyphil cells |
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Definition
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Term
| cells in the kidney that produce erythropoietin |
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Definition
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Term
| what does juxtaglomerular cells do? |
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Definition
| stimulates RBC prod in the bone marrow |
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Term
| two section of the adrenal glands |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the three zones of the cortex of the adrenal glands? |
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Definition
| glomerulosa, fasciculata and reticularis |
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Term
| most superficial layer of the cortex of the adreanl glands |
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Definition
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Term
| zone of the cortex of the adrenal gland that produces mineralocorticoid hormones |
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Definition
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Term
| what does mineralocorticoid hormones do? |
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Definition
| salt balance in the blood |
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Term
| what layer of the cortex of the adrenal gland produces glucoroticoids |
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Definition
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Term
| what do glucocorticoids do? |
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Definition
| roles in glucose metabolism and chronic stress |
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Term
| which zone of the cortex of the adrenal gland produces androgens and estrogens? |
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Definition
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Term
| the medula of the adrenal gland produces what? |
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Definition
| epinephrine and norepinephrin |
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Term
| chromaffin cells produce what? |
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Definition
| epinephrine and norepinepherine |
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Term
| the medulla of the adrenal glands is associated with what natural function? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| adjacent to the proximal part of the duodenum |
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Term
| the pancreas is part of the exocrine/endocrine system |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| small areas of tissue in the pancreas |
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Definition
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Term
| what types of cells are in the pancreatic islets? |
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Definition
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Term
| which cells are most numerous in pancreatic islets? |
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Definition
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Term
| what hormone is prod. by the beta cells in pancreatic islets? |
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Definition
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Term
| what hormone is prod. by the alpha cells in pancreatic islets? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| stimulates glycolysis in the liver |
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Term
| epithelium in the seminiferous tubules of the testes are what cells? |
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Definition
| sertoli cells, germ cells and spermatozoa |
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Term
| what cells encircle the germ cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| the sertoli cells separate the epithelium into what compartments? |
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Definition
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Term
| what hormone do sertoli cells respond to? |
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Definition
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Term
| sertoli cells produce what? |
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Definition
| inhibin, activin and androgen binding hormone (ABP) |
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Term
| what do activin and inhibin control? |
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Definition
| gonodotropic hormone production |
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Term
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Definition
| binds anadrogens (testosterone) within the seminiferous tubules |
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Term
| lydig cells produce what? |
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Definition
| testosterone and estrogens |
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Term
| layer of stratified epithelium around a regressing follicle on the ovary |
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Definition
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Term
| cells that from later in the development of a secondary ovarian follicle as an outer layer of spindle cells |
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Definition
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Term
| which hormone of the ovary stimulates the granulosa vs. the theca cells |
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Definition
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Term
| as the follcle progresses to a tertiary stage it forms what? |
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Definition
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Term
| theca cells in the stratum granulosum develop into what two layers |
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Definition
| theca externa and interna |
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Term
| what do thecal cells produce? |
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Definition
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Term
| granulosa cells turn adndrogens from thecal cells to what hormone? |
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Definition
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Term
| process of turning granulosa and thecal cells to the CL |
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Definition
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Term
| the CL produces what 3 hormones? |
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Definition
1.progesterone
2.estrogens
3.relaxin |
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Term
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Definition
| relaxes the pelvic ligaments proir to parturition |
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Term
| the uterus produces what hormone mainly? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| causes degeneration of CL and loss of progesteron production |
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Term
| the endometrial cups of a mare produce what hormone? |
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Definition
| equine chorionic gonadottropin |
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Term
| when do endometrial cups appear and begin to degenerate? |
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Definition
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Term
| where is relaxin produced in the bitch and mare? |
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Definition
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Term
| in what animals does the CL degenerate and production of progesterone is taken over by the placenta? |
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Definition
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Term
| the fetus produces precursor steroids that are metabolized by the placenta into progesterone |
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Definition
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