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Comparitive Anatomy Unit 3 part 2
Dr. Cross's Unit 3 part 2 of MU Undergraduate Anatomy
230
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
07/05/2011

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Term
the girdle muscles form a __________ type of joint that holds the leg in place
Definition
synsarcosis
Term
muscles that are b/t the bones of the limb and make up the leg itself
Definition
intrinsic muscles
Term
muscles that attach the limb to the axial skeleton
Definition
extrinsic muscles
Term
intrinsic/extrinsic muscles act on the thoracic girdle and shoulder joint
Definition
extrinsic
Term
triangular muscle originating along the dorsal midline and inserting on the scapular spine
Definition
trapezius M
Term
what muscle has the cervical part move the scapula forward while the thoracic part draws the scapula caudally?
Definition
trapezius M
Term
what nerve innervates the Trapezius M?
Definition
accessory N
Term
narrow strap muscle from the distal spine of the scapula to the transverse wing of the atlas
Definition
omotransversarius M
Term
in the horse, it attaches to the clavicular intersection of the brachiocephalicus muscle instead of the scapula
Definition
omotransveraris M
Term
what muscle assists in advancing the limb and flexing the neck laterally?
Definition
omotransversarius M
Term
large muscle extending from the arm to the head
Definition
brachicephalicus M
Term
what muscle acts to advance the limb and is th eprincipal extensor muscle of the shoulder and is a lateral flexor of the neck
Definition
brchiocephalicus M
Term
at the level of the shouder joint is this tendon
Definition
clavicular
Term
the clavicular tendon serves as an indtertection between what parts of the brachiocephalicus M?
Definition
caudal and cranial
Term
distal part of the brachiocephalicus M that attaches to the humerus
Definition
cleidobrachialis M
Term
the cranial part of the brachiocephalicus M
Definition
cleidocepahlicus (warning varies between species)
Term
cleidocervicalis M =
Definition
par cervicalis
Term
cleidomastoideus M =
Definition
Pars mastoideus
Term
pars cervicalis and pars mastoideus are parts of which muscle?
Definition
cleidocephalicus M
Term
in which animal are the pars cervicualris and mastoidus?
Definition
cats and dogs
Term
the occipital part and mastoid part are part of what muscle?
Definition
cleidocephalicus
Term
in what animals are the clediooccipitalis and the cleidomastoideus
Definition
ruminants and pigs
Term
occipital part =
Definition
cledooccipitalis
Term
mastoid part =
Definition
cleidomastoideus M
Term
which animal only has a cleidomastoideus M of the cleidocephalicus M
Definition
horse
Term
the ceidocephalicus M is innervated by wich nerve?
Definition
accessory
Term
what M advances the limb, extends the shoulder joint and draws the head and neck to the side?
Definition
cleidocephalicus M
Term
Large triangular muscle originating from the thoracolumbar fascia alnog the back and inserts on the humerus
Definition
latissimus dorsi
Term
what muscle is an antagonist to the brachiocephalicus
Definition
latissimus dorsi
Term
what muscle flexes the shoulder and pull the limb caudally
Definition
latissimus dorsi
Term
what nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi?
Definition
accessory N
Term
the descending pectoral M and the transverse pectoral are part of what muscle?
Definition
superficial pectoral M
Term
the decending pectoral M is cranial/caudal while the transverse pectoral M is cranial/caudal
Definition
cranial; caudal
Term
what arise from the cranial part of the sternum and insert on the humerus and adduct the thoracic limb?
Definition
both of the superficial pectoral Mm
Term
deep pectoral M=
Definition
ascending pectoral M
Term
what muscle arises from the sternum and adducts the limb?
Definition
deep pectoral M
Term
when an animal is nonweight bearing, this muscle acts to draw the limb caudally and flex the shoulder but when bearing weight pull the trunk cranially and extends the shoulder
Definition
deep pectoral M
Term
the deep pectoral M is innervated by what Nn?
Definition
cranial and caudal pectoral N
Term
what animals have well developed subclavius muscle?
Definition
horse and swine
Term
what has no subclavius muscle?
Definition
rodends and car
Term
what acts to support the trunk and stabilize the shoulder joint?
Definition
subclavius muscle
Term
the subclavius M is innervated by what nerve?
Definition
cranial pectoral
Term
muscle that originates from the dorsal midline cranial and caudal to the scapula and attaches to the dorsal border and adjacent surfaces of the scapula?
Definition
rhomboideus M
Term
the rhomboideus M is innervated by what Nn?
Definition
cervical and thoracic spinal
Term
the dog has what parts of the rhomboideus muscle?
Definition
capitis cervicis and thoracis
Term
capitis, cervaicis and thoracis are parts of what M?
Definition
rhomboideus
Term
the ox has what parts of the rhomboideus M?
Definition
cervicis and thoracis
Term
the largest Mm attaching the thoracic limb to the thorax that is fan shaped
Definition
serratus ventralis tllhoracis and cericis
Term
muscle with a wide origin extending from the cercian and thoracic vertebrae and the cranial ribs to insert on the dorsomedial side of hte scapula
Definition
serratus ventralis
Term
what muscle on both sides of the body forms sling that supports sthe trunk b/t the thoracic limbs
Definition
serratus ventralis
Term
the serratus ventralis M is innervated by what Nn?
Definition
cervical spinal Nn and the long thorascic N
Term
M located in the supraspinous fossa of the scapula and attacheds to the greater tubercle of the humerus
Definition
suprapinatus M
Term
muscle that stabilizes and extends the shoulder joint
Definition
supraspinatus M
Term
the supraspinatus M is innervated by what N?
Definition
suprascapular N
Term
muscle that extends from the dorsal part of the caudal border of scapula and inserts on the teres major tuberosity on the humerus
Definition
teres major M
Term
what muscle flexes the shoulder
Definition
teres major M
Term
what innervates the teres major M?
Definition
axillary N
Term
what muscle originates in the infraspinous fossa of the scapula to the greater tubercl of the humerus?
Definition
infraspinatus M
Term
what muscle abducts the shoulder and rotes it laterally, flexes or extends the shoulder joint depending on the position of the joint when the muscle contracts?
Definition
infraspinatus muscle
Term
the infraspinatus muscle is innervated by what N?
Definition
suprascapular N
Term
what muscle attaches at the distal cuadal border of the scapula and infraglenoid tuercle to insert on the teres minor tuerosity of the humerus?
Definition
teres minor M
Term
what muscle flexes the shoulder?
Definition
teres minor muscle
Term
what n innervates the teres minor muscle?
Definition
axillary N
Term
what muscle orininates on the spine of the scapula and inserts on the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus?
Definition
deltoideus muscle
Term
the acromonial part and spinous part are of what muscle?
Definition
deltoideus muscle
Term
this muscle flexes and abducts the shoulder
Definition
deltoideus muscle
Term
the deltoideus M is innervated by what N?
Definition
axillary N
Term
the small muscle that originates on the coracoid process of the scapula to the medial side of the humerus
Definition
coracobranchialis muscle
Term
what muscle adducts, extends and stabilizes the shoulder joint?
Definition
coracobrachialis muscle
Term
the coracobrachialis M is innervated by what N?
Definition
muculocutaneous N
Term
M on the medial side of the scapula in the subscapular fossa and inserts on the lesser tubercle of the humerus
Definition
subscapularis M
Term
what M stabilizes the shoulder on the medial side and adducts and estends the shoulder joint?
Definition
subscapularis M
Term
the subscapularis M is innervated by what N?
Definition
subscapular
Term
M that is located deep in the triceps brachii M
Definition
anoconeus M
Term
small muscle that covers the caudal aspect of the joit capsule of the elbow
Definition
anconeus M
Term
M that originates on the humerus to inserto on the olecranon
Definition
anconeus M
Term
M that extends the elbow
Definition
anconeus M
Term
N that innervates tyhe anconeus M
Definition
radial N
Term
M that originates from an aponeurosis that blends with the biceps brachii and the latissimus dorsi Mm
Definition
tensor fasciae antebrachii
Term
M whos belly is flattened and inserts on the olecranon and the antebrachial fascia
Definition
tensor fascia antebrachii M
Term
M that extends the elbow and tenses the antebrachial fascia
Definition
tnesor fasciae antebrachii
Term
N that innervates the tensor fasciae antebrachii M
Definition
radial N
Term
M that attaches to the supragenoid tubercle of the scapula and the radial and ulnar tuberosities
Definition
beceps brachii M
Term
in large animals, this M blends with the antebrachial fascia on the flexor surface of the elbow to form the lacertus fibrosus
Definition
biceps brachii muscle
Term
M that flexes the elbow and extends the shoulder
Definition
biceps brachii M
Term
N that innervates the biceps brachii M
Definition
musculocutaneous
Term
M that extends from the humerus to terminate near the bieceps on the radius and ulna
Definition
brachialis M
Term
M that flexes the elbow joint
Definition
brachialis M
Term
N that innervates the brachialis M
Definition
musculocutaneous N
Term
this M in carnivores oringinates on the media epicondyle of the humerus and terminates on the medial border of the radius
Definition
pronator teres M
Term
this M in ungulates is either a ligament in horses or weak M in swine
Definition
pronator teres M
Term
M that acts as a flexor of the elbow and in carnivores it allows pronation of the paw
Definition
pronator teres M
Term
the pronator teres M is innerervated by what N?
Definition
median
Term
this M is present in carnivores as a flat broad muscle obliquely placed across the lateral side of the flexor surface of the elbow
Definition
supinator M
Term
the extensor carpi radialis and common digital extensor Mm are superficial to this M
Definition
supinator M
Term
M that originates on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and teminates on the cranial surface of the radius
Definition
supinator muscel
Term
this M acts to supinate the antebrachium and flex the elbow
Definition
supinator M
Term
this M is not present in the horse or ruminant
Definition
supinator M
Term
M found in carnivores attached to the apposed surfaces of the radius and ulna
Definition
pronator quadratus
Term
M that pronates the paw
Definition
pronator quadratus
Term
M that originates from the lateral supracondylar crest to the proximal metacarpus
Definition
extensor carpi radialis M
Term
M that is most porminent M on the cranial antebrachium
Definition
extensor carpi radialis M
Term
M that extends the carpus
Definition
extensor carpi radialis M
Term
N that innervates the extensor carpi radialis M
Definition
raidal N
Term
extensor crpi obliquus M =
Definition
abductor digiti 1 longus or abductor pollicis longus M
Term
triangular, flat M originating from the craniolateral aspect of the distal radius
Definition
extensor carpi obliquus M
Term
the tendon of this M obliquely crosse sthe radius to insert on the proximal end of a MC
Definition
extensor carpi obliquus
Term
the tendon of the extensor carpi obliquus M inserts on the proximal end of which MC in carnivores
Definition
first MC
Term
the tendon of the extensor carpi obliquus M inserts on the proximal end of which MC in horses
Definition
2nd MC
Term
the tendon of the extensor carpi obliquus M inserts on the proximal end of which MC in ruminants?
Definition
3rd MC
Term
what M extends the carpal joints and in carnivores abduct the first digit (dewclaw)
Definition
extensor carpi obliquus M
Term
this N innervates the extensor carpi obliquus M
Definition
radial N
Term
the most caudolateral of the extensor group of Mm
Definition
extensor carpi ulnaris M
Term
extensor carpi ulnaris M=
Definition
ulnaris lateralis M
Term
M that originates on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and inserts on the most lateral metacarpal bone and the accessory carpal bone
Definition
extensor carpi ulnaris M
Term
though grouped with extensor Mm, this M is a flexor of the carpus
Definition
extensor carpi ulnaris M
Term
N that innervates the extensor carpi ulnaris M
Definition
radial
Term
M found on the medial antebrachum originatin on the medial epicondyle of the humerus and inserting on the palmar aspect of the proximal end o fhte metacarpal bones
Definition
flexor carpi radialis M
Term
this M flexes the carpus
Definition
flexor carpi radialis M
Term
N that innervates the flexor carpi radialis M
Definition
median N
Term
M with two heads that insert on the accessory carpal bone; ulnar head is superficial to the humeral head
Definition
flexor carpi ulnaris M
Term
M that flexes the carpus (other than the radialis M)
Definition
flexor carpi ulnaris M
Term
N that innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris M?
Definition
ulnar N
Term
The longest extensor of the thoracic limb originating from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus to insert on the extetensor process of the distal phlanx
Definition
common digital extensor M
Term
What M's tendon is single in lhorses, double in ruminants and split in four in swine and carnivors?
Definition
common digital extensor M
Term
In ruminants, there is alateral and meidal part of this M with its own tendon. swine have three portions to the Mm
Definition
ecommon digital extensor M
Term
this M extends all fo the joints of the digits, the felock or MCphalangeal joints and the carpus
Definition
common digital extnesor M
Term
the common digital extensor M is innervated by what N
Definition
radial N
Term
this M originates from the lateral epicondy of the humerus to the extensor prcesses of the digits
Definition
lateral digital extensor M
Term
the tendons of this M attach to digit 4 in ruminants, digits 4 and 5 in swin, 305 in dogs and 2-5 in cats
Definition
lateral digital extensor M
Term
the M that acts to extend the carpal joints and phalangeal joints
Definition
lateral digital extensor M
Term
N that innervates the lateral digital extensor M
Definition
radial N
Term
the lateral digital extensor M attaches to which/what digit(s) in ruminants?
Definition
digit 4
Term
the lateral digital extensor M attaches to which/what digit(s) in swine?
Definition
4 and 5
Term
the lateral digital extensor M attaches to which/what digit(s) in dogs?
Definition
3-5
Term
the lateral digital extensor M attaches to which/what digit(s) in cats?
Definition
2-5
Term
M that originates on the medial epicondy l of the humerus and inserts on the palmar surfaces of the 1st and 2nd phalanges. # of tendons= # of digits
Definition
superficial digital flexor
Term
SDF
Definition
superficial digital flexor M
Term
int he horse, the proximal tendinous attachment of this M forms the accessory ligament of the M also called proximal check ligament
Definition
SDF M
Term
the superficial digital flexor M is innervated by what N?
Definition
ulnar N
Term
the what tendon forms a sleeve through which the DDF tendon passes
Definition
SDF tendon
Term
M that has three heads originating form the humerus, radius and ulna
Definition
DDF M
Term
tendon that extends through the carpal canal and along the palmar aspect of the MC to insert on the palmar surface of the distal phalanges
Definition
DDF tendon
Term
what M flexes the distal interphalangeal joint as well as the more proximal joints of the digit and the carpus
Definition
DDF M
Term
the DDF muscle is innervated by what Nn?
Definition
ulanr and median
Term
this M is improtant in suppor t of the fetlock in horses
Definition
DDF M
Term
what lig of the palmar carpal lig that attach to the DDF tendon is important as past of the passive stay-apparatus in the leg?
Definition
distal check lig.
Term
Mm inbetween the metacarpal bones
Definition
interosseous Mm
Term
in large unculates, most of theinterosseus M tissue has been replaced by connective tissue called what?
Definition
suspensory ligaments
Term
this Mm orgin in large animals is on the palmer aspect of the proximal MC and insert on the proximal sesamoid bones
Definition
interosseous Mm
Term
the suspensory lig. functions in the passive support of what joint
Definition
metacarpophalangeal
Term
extensor muscles of hte carpus and digits ar innervated by what N?
Definition
radial
Term
flexor Mm of the carpus and digits are innervated by what Nn?
Definition
ulanr and/or median
Term
the biceps femoris M, semitendinousus M, semimembranosus M are part of what group of Mm?
Definition
hamstring group
Term
in ruminants the biceps femoris M is fused to the superficial gluteal M to form what?
Definition
gluteobiceps
Term
M that extends from the wing of the ilium to the greater trochanter of the femur
Definition
middle gluteal M
Term
M that extends the hip
Definition
middle gluteal M
Term
N that innervates the middle gluteal M
Definition
cranial gluteal N
Term
M that originates from the sacrotuberous Lig and ischiatic tuberosity in dogs. can also have a origin from the sacrum in horses
Definition
biceps femoris M
Term
M that extends the hip joint, flexes the stiffle in non wieght bearing leg. and extends the stifle when the limb is bearing wheight
Definition
beceps femoris M
Term
N that innervates the biceps femoris M
Definition
sciatic N
Term
iliacus and psoas major Mm are grouped to gether as what M?
Definition
iliopsoas M
Term
M that originates from the ventral surface of the wing of the ilium to insert on the lesser trochanter of the femur
Definition
iliacus M
Term
M that origiataes from the ventral lumbar vertebae transverse processes to insert on the lesser trochanter of the femurps
Definition
psoas major M
Term
Nn that innervate the ilipsoas M
Definition
femoral N, and ventral branches of the lumbar spinal N
Term
a thin strap-like M extending from the tuber coxae in carnivores or the iliac fascia in ungulates to th emedial side of the proximal tibia
Definition
sartorius M
Term
this M adducts the hip as well as flexes it in ungulates
Definition
sartorius M
Term
the sartorius M is innervated by what N?
Definition
femoral N
Term
the rectus femoris M and tensor fasciae latae do what?
Definition
flex the hip joint
Term
Mm that extend laterally over the hip joint
Definition
abductor Mm of the hip
Term
M that extends from the body of hte ilium and ischiatic spin laterally over the hip joint to the greater trochanter
Definition
deep gluteal M
Term
M that acts to extend and abduct the hip
Definition
deep gluteal M
Term
N that innervates the deep gluteal M
Definition
cranial gluteal N
Term
M that extends from the spines of the sacral vertebrea to the third trochanter of the femur in the horse and dog
Definition
superdicial gluteal M
Term
Nn that innervate the superficial gluteal M
Definition
cranial and caudal gluteal Nn
Term
a fan-shaped M extending from the tuber coxae to the lateral femoral fascia that attaches to the patella
Definition
tensor fasciae latae
Term
M that flexes the hip and extends the stifle
Definition
tensor fasciae latae
Term
N that innervates the tensor fasciae latae
Definition
cranial gluteal N
Term
all of the adducotr Mm on the medial aspect of the thigh do what to the hip
Definition
rotate it
Term
the most superficial adductor M, extending from the pelvic symphysis to the tibia
Definition
gracialis M
Term
M that flexes the stifle, extends the hip and hock
Definition
gracialis M
Term
N that innervates the gracilis M
Definition
obrurator N
Term
small and spindle shaped M deep to the gracilis M
Definition
pectineus M
Term
the largest M on the medial thigh
Definition
adductor M
Term
M that extends from the pubis to the medial tibia
Definition
pectineus M
Term
N that innervates the pectineus M
Definition
obrurator N
Term
two parts of the adductor M that are not always clearly divided as in dogs and horses
Definition
adductor mangnus and brevis Mm
Term
mm that attach to the ventral palvis and to the medial aspect of the tibia and femur
Definition
adductor Mm
Term
the adductor Mm are innervated by what N
Definition
obturator N
Term
a small muscle from theventral surace of the ischium to the thorachanteric fossa
Definition
quadratus femoris M
Term
N that innervates the quadratus femoris M
Definition
sciatic N
Term
twin muscles extending from the lateral ischium to the trochanteric fossa
Definition
gemelli Mm
Term
except in ruminant, this M is divided by the tnedon of th internal obturator M
Definition
gemelli Mm
Term
the gemelli Mm are innervated by what N
Definition
sciatic
Term
fan shaped M on the dorsal surface of the dorsal surface of the ishcium and pubis covering the obturator foramen
Definition
internal obturator M
Term
the internal obturator M is innervated by what N?
Definition
oburator N
Term
M in ruminants that also has an intrapelvic part that passes through the oburator foramen
Definition
external obturator M
Term
the external obturator M is innervated by what N
Definition
sciatic
Term
the primary extensor of the stifle
Definition
quadriceps femoris M
Term
M that has four heads that are easily distiguishable and are ususally named separatly
Definition
quadriceps femoris M
Term
all four parts of the quadriceps femoris M are innervaed by what N?
Definition
femoral N
Term
the rectus femoris M, vastus Medialis, lateralis, and intermedius Mm are the four parts of what M?
Definition
quadriceps femoris M
Term
all four heads of the quadriceps femoris come together here to form the patellar ligg.
Definition
patella
Term
M that acts to flex the hip
Definition
rectus femoris M
Term
primary flexors of the stife (Mm group)
Definition
hamstring group
Term
extensors of the hock on the caudal surface of the distal femur could also flex what?
Definition
the stifle
Term
small M originating from the lateral aspect of the lateral femoral condyle and terminating on the cuadoproximal tibia
Definition
popliteus M
Term
N that innervaates the popliteus M
Definition
tibial N (a branch of the sciatic)
Term
M that have attachment to the calcanean tuberosity
Definition
extensors of the hock
Term
the extnesors of the hock are innervated by what N
Definition
tibial
Term
M that has a medial and lateral head originating from the supracondylar tuberosities of the distal femur
Definition
gastrocnemius M
Term
small sesamoid bone in dogs that is embedded in each tendon of origin in the gastrocenemius M
Definition
fabella
Term
small M that is distal tendon attaches to the gastocnemius tendons and is not in dogs
Definition
soleus M
Term
M that attaches to the lateral supracondylar tuberosity on the femur
Definition
SDF M
Term
N that innervates the SDF M
Definition
tibial N
Term
a combination of the tencdons of the gastocnemius M and the soleus M and the SDF M
Definition
calcanean tendon
Term
combination of the clacanean tendon plus the intermediate tendon
Definition
common calcanean tendon
Term
all flexor muscles are innervated by what N?
Definition
common fibular (peroneus)
Term
M trhat attaches to the lateral aspect of the proximal tibia and the medial tarsus and metatarsal bones
Definition
cranial tibial M
Term
M that is tendinous in equids, well dev in rum and swine but not well dev in dogs and cats. in horses it function as part of the reciprocal appartus
Definition
finbularis or peroneus tertius M
Term
M that attaches to the lateral tibial condyle and proximal fibula and the medial tarsal and MT bones
Definition
fibularis or peroneus longus M
Term
M present in dogs and cats but is weak flexor of the hockf
Definition
ibularis or peroneus brevis M
Term
Extensor s of the digit are innervated by what N?
Definition
fibular N
Term
M that attaches to the distal femur and the extensor processes of the digits
Definition
long digital extnesor M
Term
in equids, this M has one tendon that connects to the tendon of the long digital extnesor near the level of the mid cannon
Definition
lateral digital extensor M
Term
where does the lateral digital extensor M attach in ruminants?
Definition
proximal aspect of P2
Term
flexors of the digits are innervated by what N?
Definition
tibial
Term
M that originates on the tibia and inserts on the distal phalanx. its tendon cr5osses the sustentaculum tali of the talus
Definition
lateral digital flexor M
Term
M that arises b/t the lateral digital flexor and the popliteus Mm. its tendon joins the tendon of the lateral dig flexor M distal to the tarsus
Definition
medial digital flexor M
Term
in the horse, ther is a ______ lig. arising from the plantar tarsal ligaments to the DDF tendon
Definition
accessory
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