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| what is the terror of horror |
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| who was in the 1st estate |
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Bourgeoisie, Rural Peasants,
Urban Workers |
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| growing discontent among the classes |
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| what caused Louis XIV to call upon teh Estates General |
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Set up a limited monarchy
Gave right to vote to tax-paying male citizens (forcing 1st and 2nd estates to pay taxes)
Split France into 83 “departments”
Reformed laws
Forbade laws and labor unions |
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Definition
what did the Constitution of 1791
do? |
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| Radicals took control of the Assembly and created __________ ______________ |
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became leader of the Committee of Public Safety
Believed that terror was the only way to secure liberty |
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5-person Directory
2-house legislature
Male citizens with property could vote |
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| laws that govern human nature |
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| rights that belong to all humans from birth |
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| From England*blieved people were naturally cruel, greedy, and selfish-only powergov enused order-absolute* "Leviathan" |
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From England
*cretain natural rights were given like life, liberty, property*gov fail its obligation or violation, the peopl have the right to overthrow-peple were seasonable and moral-limited government |
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| From England *felt seperation of powers was the best way to protect liberty |
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From France-detested slave trade and deplored religious prejudice *targeted corrupt officials and ideal aristocrats
-battleed inequlaity injustice and superstition |
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| *favorted Gov't by the people *idea of "general will"*man is born free and everwhere he is in chains |
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From france* produced encyclopedia-denounced slavery-praised freedom of expression
-urged edu |
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| *From France *"Free &equal" did not apply to women-women's first duty was to be a good mother |
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| From England-urged that free markets should be allowed to regulate trade wages-marketplace better w/o gov regulations |
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| restricting access to ideas and information |
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| absolute rulers who used their power to bring about political and social change |
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| -king of Prussia from 1740-1786-"first servant of the state"-admired Voltaire's work-swamps drained-forced peasants to grow new crops-religious toleration-reorganized teh civil service-simplified laws |
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| From Russia-praised voltaire-empress in 1762-limited reforms in law and gov-granted nobles a chart of rights-criticized sefdom-no giving up power-expanded empire |
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| -most radical of teh enlightedndespots was Haps burg emperor_____________-tranveled in disguise among his subjects to learn their problems-granted toleration to Protestans and Jews in his Catholic empire-ended censorship and attempted to bring Chatolic church under royal control |
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| grand complex style of art |
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| what new kinds of musical entertainment evolved during this era? |
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| who was a 6 yr old prodigy |
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| constitutional government |
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| government whose power is defined and limited by the law |
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| handful of parliamentary advisors set policy |
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| government in which the ruling ppower belongs to a few people |
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| France gave Britain Nova Scotia and Newfoundland in North america |
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| act that joined two countries in the United Kingdom of Great Britain |
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| political art generally aristocrats who sought to preserve older traditions. supported borad royal powers and a dominant Anglican church |
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| backed the policies of teh glorious Revolution. political group. most likely to reflect urban business interests, support religious toleration, and favor Parliament over the crown. |
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| The leaders of teh cabinet was a majority part of the ____________ _ _________________ |
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| states that all government power comes from teh people |
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| with power divided between teh federal or national, government and the states |
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| colonists hurled a cargo of tea into the harbor to protest a tax on tea |
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| boston opened fire on a crowd that was pelting with stones and snowballs, 5 ppl died |
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| American leaders adopted the ________________ pledgin our lives, our fortunes, and our sacraed honor to creating and protecting the new USA |
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| turning point when americans triumphed over the British |
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| ended war, britain recognized teh independence of teh USA also accepted the new nation's western frontier as the Mississippi River |
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| what was the first 10 amendments of the Constitution recognizing the idea that people had basic rights that hte government must protect |
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| government's spending more money than it takes on |
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| notebooks listeing grievances |
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| During the enlightmenment philosohphes targed teh _________for reforms. the criticized the idleness of some clergy, church interference in politics, and its intolerance of dissent |
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| the clergy are part of which estate? |
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| what estate are the nobles part of? |
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| They hated absolutism and resented the royal bureaucracy that employed middle-classs men in positions that once had been reserved for the aristocracy. They feared of losing their privileges like not paying taxes |
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| How did the nobles feel about eh government? |
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| a diverse grouop. First sat the bourgeoisie-bankers, merchants, and manufacturers. Then came the rural peasants-9/10 bulk. landowvers and farmers, then came the poorest the urban workers like apprentices, journeymen. |
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Definition
| what did the 3rd estate consisst of? |
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| burden of debt because Luis XIV left France in debt by wars, which caused the gov to borrow more and more money and raise taxes, reduce expenses. another was poor harvests because of bad harvests and failure of reform. |
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Definition
| what were some of the economic troubls? |
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| a financial wizard who was the grandon of Louis XVI. urged teh king to reduce extravagant court spending, reform gov and abolish burdensome tariffs on internal trade. proposed taxing the 1st and 2nd estates |
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| they wanted fairer taxes, freedom of the press, regular meetings of the estates general |
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| what did many chiers call for? or want? |
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| never to separate and to meet wherever the circumstances might require until we have established a sound and just constitution. |
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| what is the tennis court oath |
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| third estate and they invited delegates from other estates to write a constitution to describe basic rules and laws of gov |
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| who declarted themselves the national assembly? and what did the national assembly do? |
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| nobles, clergy, and others who had fled France and its revolutionary forces |
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| government ruled not by a monarch but by elected representatives |
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| it proclaimed that all male citizens were equal and every French man had an equal right to hold public office. The declaration asserted freedom of regligion and called for taxes to be levied according to abiltiy to pay. |
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| what was the delcaration fo the rights of man |
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| set up a limited monarchy in place of the absolute monarchy. a new legilatative assembly had the power to make laws, collect taxes and decide on issues of war and peace. replaced old provinces with 83 departments equally the same size. |
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Definition
| what is the constiution of 1791 |
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| bishops an dpriests became elected salaried officials, ended papal authority over the French Chruch, and dissolved convents and monasteries |
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| what was the civil constiution? |
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| convention was a more radical body and it voted to eabolish the monarchy and declare france a republic. |
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| what was the national conventiona nd what did it do |
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| those who controlled the convention tried to erase all traces of the old order. they seized lands of nobles and abolished titles of nobiltiy |
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| 12-member comittee who had almost absolute power to save the revolution. issued levee en masse, or mass levy tghtat required all citizens to help to the war. |
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| what was the committee of public safety |
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| he is a shrewd lawyer and politician who was also called a tyrant. he embraced rousseau's idea of general will. he promoted religious toleration and wanted to abolish slavery. he hated the old regime |
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| a strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country |
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| a three man governing board set up by Napoleon |
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| ballot in wchih voters say yes or no |
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| involved shuttin goff ports to keep people or suples from moving in or out |
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| restoring hereditaryy monarchies that the French Revolution or Napoleon had unseated |
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