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Collins Midterm Exam
Midterm Exam Flashcards
112
History
10th Grade
12/13/2011

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Cards

Term
Matrilineal
Definition
Children trace their ancestors through their mothers. ***Remember starts with "M"... mother
Term
Patrilineal
Definition
Society trace their ancestors through their Father. ***Remember spanish for father is Padre
Term
Quipu
Definition
A set of knotted strings that was used by the Inca to record Data
Term
Mayan Writing System
Definition
Mayans used Glyphs to record history... glyphs are like our alphabet
Term
Olmec
Definition
First known civilization builders in Meso-America... supposedly the civilzation that predated the Mayans
Term
Incan Downfall
Definition
Spanish Conquestador, Pizarro takes control of the leader and drains the people of their Gold and Silver. Then disease sweeps over the Civilization.
Term
Aztec Religion
Definition
Based on the concept of Good and Evil. There is a constant struggle between the two that has to be kept in balance.
Term
African Music and Story-Telling
Definition
Was used to communicate history and education because there was no written langauge
Term
Atlantic Triangle Trade
Definition
The orginization of trade between Europe, Africa, and the Cariebbean that involved weapons, slaves, and sugar respectfully
Term
Who started the Triangle Trade?
Definition
Portugal and Spain
Term
What were the Main reasons for African Slave trade?
Definition
1. Sugar Plantations
2. Lack of Workers
3. Greed
Term
Christopher Columbus
Definition
charged with discovering the New World. Originally believed that he had landed in the Eastern part of India
Term
Vasco da Gama
Definition
The first explorer to go around Africa and reach India. He returned with spices that he sold for a large profit.
Term
What did the Anabaptist believe?
Definition
1. That church and state should be seperate.
2. That people should only become baptisted when they make the decision
Term
Council of Trent
Definition
reaffirmed traditional Catholic teachings in opposition to Protestant beliefs that Martin Luther set forth.
Term
Middle Passage
Definition
Long journey from Africa to the New World where Slaves were subjected to horrible conditions in the cargo holds of Ships
Term
Treaty of Tordesillas
Definition
an agreement between Portugal and Spain that all land West of an invisible line in the Atlantic belonged to Spain and to the East belonged to Portugal.
Term
chivalry
Definition
code by which knights lived
Term
Feudal Pyramid from top to bottom
Definition
King
Clergy/Lords
Knights
Peasants/Surfs
Term
Siege Weapons
Definition
Weapons used during middle ages to take over castles ex. battering ram, catapult
Term
Manor
Definition
the place where the lord lives; the lords house
Term
Purpose of the Crusades
Definition
the purpose of the Crusades was to retake the holy land for the Christians
Term
Three Field System
Definition
system where two of three fields were planted and one was allowed to lay fallow; the next year it rotated
Term
Inquisition
Definition
roman catholic group who was responsible for persecuting non believers... used torture methods to extract confessions
Term
How was horse power used
Definition
One of the big changes in the farming was the switch from oxen power to horse power
Term
Three levels of a tradesman
Definition
Started as a apprentice
Then a journeyman
Then a master
Term
Guild
Definition
medieval association of people working at the same occupation which controlled its members wages and prices; similiar to a Union
Term
simony
Definition
the selling or buying of a position in the Christian Church
Term
Lay Investiture
Definition
appointment of church officials by the king or queen
Term
clergy
Definition
church officials; ex: priest, cardinal, pope, bishop
Term
Who won each of the Crusades?
Definition
1st- Christians
2nd- Muslim
3rd- Muslim
Term
Reconquista
Definition
Effort by the Christians in Spain to drive out all the Muslims
Term
Shogun
Definition
In Japan; supreme military commander who ruled in the name of the emperor;
During this time the emperor was just a puppet
Term
Bushido
Definition
code by which the samuri lived
Term
Samurai
Definition
professional warrior who served the lords of Japan; very similiar to a knight
Term
Polytheism
Definition
believe in more than one god
Term
Monotheism
Definition
Believe in only one god
Term
Torah
Definition
Jewish holy book; christians refer to them as the old testament
Term
Abraham
Definition
"father" of the Hebrew people
Term
Yahweh
Definition
Jewish word for god
Term
Muhammad
Definition
founder of Islam
Term
Allah
Definition
Islamic name for God
Term
Mosque
Definition
Islamic house of worship
Term
Qur'an
Definition
Islamic holy book
Term
Synagogue
Definition
Jewish place of Worship
Term
Jesus
Definition
Founder of Christianity
Term
Bible
Definition
Christian holy book
Term
Church
Definition
Christian place of worship
Term
Founder of Hinduism
Definition
No Single Founder
Term
Four Vedas
Definition
Most sacred Hindu Text
Term
Muhammad
Definition
Prophet of Islam; founder of Islam
Term
Jesus
Definition
Son of God in Christian Faith
Term
Moses
Definition
Freed the Hebrew people from Egypt
Term
Pope
Definition
Head of the Catholic Church
Term
Martyr
Definition
some one who dies for their religion
Term
Shari'ah
Definition
system of laws that regulates family life, moral conduct, and business and community life in Muslim communities
Term
Five pillars of Islam
Definition
Faith
Prayer
Alms
fasting
Pilgrimage
(Make sure you know what each one is)
Term
Shi'a Muslim
Definition
Branch of Islam that believes that the leader or caliph must be a descendant of the Prophet
Term
Sunni Muslim
Definition
a branch of Islam that believes that the caliph can be any elected male muslim
Term
Ten Commandments
Definition
ten laws that Christians are suppose to live by
Term
Papacy
Definition
all the people including the Pope who rule the Catholic Church
Term
Islam
Definition
religion who believes in one god and Muhammad is their prophet
Term
Muslim
Definition
is the people who follow Islam
Term
Apostles
Definition
one of the followers of Jesus who preached and spread his teachings
Term
Charlemagne
Definition
Charles the Great was known for unifiying the germanic kingdoms of Europe. He encouraged learning and spread Christianity
Term
date of the middle ages
Definition
1000 to 1500 ish
Term
secular
Definition
worldly
Term
Carolingian Dynasty
Definition
family that would rule the Franks from 751 to 987
Term
Downfall of Carolingian Dynasty
Definition
Charlemagne grandchildren divided up the empire and slowly but surely the empire crumbled
Term
Who by and from what direction was the Carolingian Dynasty attacked?
Definition
Vikings- north
Magyars- East
Muslims- South
Term
Serf
Definition
people who could not lawfully leave the land they were born on
Term
Vassal
Definition
any person who has recieved a fief of land
Term
fief
Definition
piece of land
Term
lord
Definition
landowner
Term
vernacular
Definition
language of the local people
Term
common law
Definition
laws that were created over time that today create the basis for many different legal systems throughout the world
Term
Magna carta
Definition
document that gurranteed certain basic legal rights that nobles forced king John to sign
Term
Effects of the 100 Years War
Definition
- feeling of nationalism
- french monarch increased
- started a civil war in England
Term
reasons for the plague
Definition
- poor sanitation
- asian rats
Term
Justianian
Definition
- ruler of Byzantine Empire
- created a system of laws
Term
Justinian Code
Definition
uniform code of laws that applied to the whole empire/revolutionary for time period
Term
Hagia Sophia
Definition
Church built by Justinian that was his crowning achievement
Term
hippodrome
Definition
arena for watching chariot races and performance acts... built by Justinian
Term
Banking in the Middle Ages
Definition
Credit and banking are developed between merchants
Term
Muslim inventions
Definition
algebra
astronomy
the number 0
Term
Schism
Definition
Split in the church
Term
Gold/ Salt Trade
Definition
A trade that took place in West Africa where Gold rich areas traded with people who possessed Salt in order to survive
Term
Downfall of Aztec
Definition
Cortez used trickery and disease to eventually lead to the end of the Aztec
Term
Aztec Religion is based on...
Definition
the balance between good and evil.
Term
Renaissance Man
Definition
someone who is good at many things
ex. Leonardo da Vinci
Term
Artists associated with the high Renaissance
Definition
Ninja Turtles
Term
Venice
Definition
a city state ruled by wealthy merchant aristocrats
Term
Humanist Educators stressed...
Definition
liberal arts education
rhetoric
physical education
Term
What did Calvin and Luther not agree on?
Definition
Predestination
Term
Council of Trent
Definition
a meeting of the Papacy to reaffirm Catholic beliefs against the Protestant Reformation.
Term
Martin Luther's 95 thesis
Definition
formal statements attacking the Catholic church; he was especially upset about the selling of indulgences
Term
Follower of Jesus who became the first Bishop of Rome was...
Definition
Peter
Term
Judaism was considered revolutionary at the time because...
Definition
it was the only religion that was Monotheistic
Term
In the Quran women were allowed to do what?
Definition
divorce
own property
inherit property
Term
What were Justinian's accomplishments?
Definition
building the Hagia Sophia
creating a code of laws
building the hippodrome
Term
janissaries
Definition
formally Christians... these people were converted to Islam and trained as foot soldiers to serve the Sultan
Term
consequences of the plague
Definition
anti-semitism
decline in trade
increase in price of labor
Term
Diamyo
Definition
lords of noble japanese families
Term
Why were the Magna Carta and Parliament created?
Definition
to end taxation without represention
Term
Artistoles classical works were brought to western Europe by...
Definition
Muslim and Jewish Scholars
Term
What did Erasmus teach?
Definition
Christianity should show people how to lead good lives.
Term
Henry the VIII was responsible for
Definition
dissolving the Catholic Monasteries
beheading Thomas More
Divorcing Catherine
Term
Anabaptists believed
Definition
- church and state should be seperate
- people should only be baptized when they are old enough to understand it.
Term
Why did European Merchants want to gain access to South Asia?
Definition
The spice trade was a very profitable business and they wanted to cash in.
Term
excommunicate
Definition
could not receive sacraments from the church which essentially meant you were going to hell
Term
interdict
Definition
an order excluding an entire town, region, or kingdom from receiving sacraments
Term
The Great Schism
Definition
Split of the church into Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Church due to distance, communication, and worship of icons
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