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Cold War
Cold War Timeline
14
History
Undergraduate 1
04/20/2026

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Term
US enters WWII
Definition
December 8, 1941 // Directly after December 7th Pearl Harbor attack.
Term
Manhattan Project
Definition
~1942 // U.S. research program producing world's first Atomic Bomb; conceptualized under Roosevelt in 1939, officially named in 1942, site established in New Mexico in 1943, and detonated July 16th, 1945.
Term
Tehran Conference
Definition
November 28th - December 1st, 1943 // First of 3 major meetings between Franklin Roosevelt NOT TEDDY ROOSEVELT, Churchill & Stalin, in Tehran, Iran. Coordination of military strategy against Germany and Japan, fate of postwar Germany & Eastern Europe, and foreign relations. This includes Stalin and Roosevelt privately discussing creation of the UN. See Also Declaration of the Three Powers Regarding Iran
Term
Declaration of the Three Powers Regarding Iran
Definition
December 1, 1943 // "[Stalin, Roosevelt & Churchill] thanked the Iranian Government for its assistance in the war against Germany and promised to provide it with economic assistance both during and after the war. Most importantly, the U.S., British, and Soviet Governments stated that they all shared a 'desire for the maintenance of the independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of Iran.'"
Term
Yalta Conference
Definition
February 4-11, 1945 // Big three [Stalin, Roosevelt, Churchill] meeting further discussing organization of Germany and Europe following the fast approaching end of the war, including re-establishment of war-torn Europe. 2nd of 3 major conferences.
Term
Potsdam Conference
Definition
July 17-August 2, 1945 // 3rd major Big Three meeting; Churchill, Attlee, Stalin, and Truman. Management of Germany postwar, "establishing the postwar order, solving issues on the peace treaty, and countering the effects of the war."
Term
Clement Attlee
Definition
1945-1951 // Prime Minister of United Kingdom (as well as the leader of Labour Party from 1935-1955).
Term
Long Telegram
Definition
February 1946 // 5,000 word telegram from Moscow posted US Diplomat George Kennan outlining soviet motivations, military strategies, and social standings. Proposed Containment Policies.
Term
Containment
Definition
~1947 // Cold War strategy seeking to contain communism to areas already "infected" to stop spread instead of outwardly trying to "attack" the Soviet influence.
Term
Truman Presidency
Definition
1945-1953, after Franklin NOT TEDDY Roosevelt.
Term
Roosevelt Presidency
Definition
1932-1945 (Death) // Elected president 4 times; NOT THEODORE ROOSEVELT, THESE ARE TWO DIFFERENT PEOPLE.
Term
Iron Curtain Speech
Definition
March 5 1946 // Also known as the "Sinews of Peace" speech; Churchill's speech claiming that the Soviets had placed an "iron curtain" - political, militaristic, and ideological barrier - around East/Central Europe, festering communism without access to western influence. Churchill then suggests a stronger alliance between the US and the UK against the Soviets.
Term
Truman Doctrine
Definition
March 12, 1947 // the first major step towards Containment, established political, military, and economic aid for "us-aligned" nations against threat of communist influence or "alleged authoritarian threats."
Term
Marshall Plan
Definition
1948 // AKA Economic Recovery Act of 1948, US initiative sending foreign aid to West Europe for recovery from WWII. Also helped to endear European countries to US and not Soviets, especially in reference to countries with highest poverty (highest risk of soviet influence.)
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