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Cleft Palate
Vocabulary
23
Anatomy
Graduate
09/18/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

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Term
Philtrum
Definition
the midline groove in the upper lip that runs from the top of the lip to the nose. The way the philtrum appears is determined genetically. in some syndromes, this groove is shortened.
Term
Vermillion
Definition
"red part" the actual lip
Term
Primary Palate
Definition
the middle portion of the lip and the anterior portion of the palate
Term
Secondary Palate
Definition
the remainder of the lip and the anterior portion of the palate
Term
Submucous Cleft
Definition

the cleft is covered over by the lining (mucous membrane) of the roof of the mouth.

 

Signs include: bifid uvula, translucent streak bluish/whitish streak), notch at the end of the hard palate (something you have to feel)

Term
Occult Submucous Cleft
Definition
a submucous cleft that is missing one of all 3 of the main features of a submucous cleft
Term
Pharyngeal Plexus
Definition
a network of nerve fibers innervating most of the palate, larynx, and pharynx. It is located on the surface of the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle
Term
Multi-factorial Genetic Pattern
Definition

a pattern of inheritance of a trait, condition, or disease that appears by empiric data to be determined by a combination of both genetic and environmental factors

  • genetic thresholds with the deciding factor being how much they can tolerate from the environment
  • also can mean multiple genes
Term
Craniosynostosis
Definition

craniosynostosis consists of premature fusion of 1 or more cranial sutures often resulting in an abnormal head shape

  • it may result from a primary defect of ossification (primary craniosynostosis)
  • or more commonly, from a failure of brain growth (secondary craniosynostosis)
  • simple craniosynostosis is a term used when only 1 suture fuses prematurely
  • Complex or compound craniosynostosis is used to describe premature fusion of multiple sutures
  • plagiocephaly
  • scaphocephaly-long narrow head
  • positional branchycephaly-flat back of the head
Term
plagiocephaly
Definition
flatted head
Term
Scaphocephaly
Definition
long narrow head
Term
coloboma
Definition
eye defect of the iris or eyelid
Term
micrognathia
Definition
underdevelopment of the chin or mandible
Term
synophrys
Definition
unibrow; confluent eyebrow
Term
VPI
Definition
velo-pharyngeal insufficiency
Term
Compensatory articulation
Definition

most include moving articulation back behind the velum where the air is escaping (so nasal emission doesn't occur)

Includes:

  • glottal stops
  • pharyngeal stops
  • pharyngeal fricatives
  • pharyngeal affricates
  • mid-dorsum palatal stops
  • velar fricatives
  • posterior nasal fricative
Term
teratogen
Definition
environmental factors thought to cause birth defects. Examples include: lack of folic acid, excessive vitamin A, alcohol, anticonvulsant drugs, smoking, and illicit drugs
Term
Stomodium
Definition
the hole/space beneath the forebrain and above the branchial arch 1 that will later turn into the nasal and oral cavities
Term
Columella
Definition
between the nostrils, fleshy nasal septum
Term
Neural Crest Cells
Definition
migrate outward from neural tube; can do anything; form different parts
Term
Autosome
Definition
chromosomes not associated with the sex chromosome
Term
Syndrome
Definition
multiple anomalies in a single individual with all those anomalies having one primary cause
Term
Sequence
Definition
multiple anomalies in a single individual where one of the anomalies has led to all of the others (cascade effect)
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