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clcv test 2
test 2
48
History
Undergraduate 2
03/01/2011

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
conflict of the orders
Definition

patricians vs. plebs

patr. have all the rights

non violent struggle for plebs to gain rights

patr. need plebs in army

Term
servian reforms
Definition

named after king servius

took census to see property ownership= how much weapons they could buy for the army

Term

“knights” + classes I, II, II, IV, V + proletariate

Definition

army classes divided up by consuls

knights - have horse

1-everything but horse

2-5 less

proletariate - poor no weapons

Term
army assembly
Definition

193 total votes

elect consul and declare war

if patr. vote together = 98 (class I knights) votes = win

 

Term
council of plebs
Definition

formed by plebs to protect plebs

formed from geographical tribes (20/36 votes)

could veto = go on strike

tribune of the plebs = 10 ppl = official leaders

plebiscites= laws that are binding on plebs only = eventually become everyones laws (287)

Term
decemvirs
Definition

patrician wrote down the 12 tables of laws

banned intermarriage(eventually gets revoked)

Term
censors
Definition

how plebs got into the senate

censors = take census and appoint new ppl to the senate

Term
military tribune
Definition

repleced consuls with MT

Mt could be a pleb

Term
366
Definition

consuls are back

one consul = pleb

Term

praetors

nobles

novus homo

Definition

P = administered the law = patriciain

nobles = families who have had consul in them

novus homo = new man = no one had been a consul in families past

Term
oligarphy
Definition

rule by a few people

patricians + wealthy and important plebs

(WIMPS)

Term

Survey of roman magistrates and assemblies

Definition

·      Very early magistrates: consuls (2) – lead army

o   Praetors (2)– servive as judges in law courts

o   aediles (4) – take care of city of rome – roads bridges etc

o   quaestors (6) – treasurers

o   tribunes (10)– 10 reps of the plebs

o   all of these are re-elected each year!

o   Every form of officials have at least 2 people in it

·      Special magistrates:

o   Censors (2) – elected every 5 years – take census – appoint people to the senate

o   Dictator (1) – cant servive more than 6 months

Term
composition of the popular assembly
Definition

curiate ass. - 30

army ass. - 197

consul of plebs - 20/36 tribes

consul of people - 20/36

Term
Mucius Scaevola and Lars Porsenna
Definition

Lars- Etruscan King Invading Rome

Rome had people (100) trying to assassinate him

Mucius was caught, burned his hand and held it in fire to show roman determination

Told Lars one the 100 would kill him

Lars withdrew 

Term

Celts/Gauls

(Battle of the Allia River 390)

Definition

Roman=Phalanx(ordered army-300 spartans) 

Celts= undisciplined, wild, fought naked

 Battle of AR= Celts powned roman army, had to pay them a lot in order to leave

"Vae Victis"=Woe to the Conquored

Term
Servian Wall
Definition

Rome built large wall around the city for protection

Named after King Servius

Term
Army reforms
Definition

Legion subdivided into Manciples

More flexible

Velites=1200(New guys)

Hastati=120x10 

Principes=120x10

Triarii=60x10(Veterans, Experienced, raped)

Term
Defensive Aggression
Definition

After Celtic invasion Rome was afraid of neighbors

They got them before they could get Rome

Term
Justifications for War
Definition

Appeals from Neighbors, Genuine Threats, Military Command Considerations

 

MAYBE...Glory, , Loot

Rome didn't fight for land. Went to weaken enemies and then go home.

Consuls lead army. 1 yr to win Glory through war

Term
Roman Military Persistence
Definition

Took great losses in order to win wars. 

Lost many more battles than they won

Would just keep sending new armies and evenutally win

 

Reason:New Consuls every year=Rookie General

Term
Governmental Province
Definition

Area where a Consul's power was effective 

For Consul's and War

(2 consuls, 1 province each, don't overlap) 

Helped Keep each Consul equal

Term
Roman Roads
Definition

Builit for military use

Helped move army

Term

3 Samnite Wars

Battle of Sentinum(295BC)

Definition

Samnites and Gauls(Celts) united against Rome

Rome was losing

DEVOTIO=Dedicating yourself to the Gods

Roman General (Mus) did this, ran in and died..This pumped roman army and they won battle.

Term

Pyrrhic Wars

Pyrrhic of Epirus 

Definition

Tarentum=Greek city, navy sank some Roman Ally ships

Roman Senator went to city for explanation, got made fun of. 

Rome Declared war, Greece went to support tarentum. 

"Lucanian Cows"=elephants (Pyrrhic brough war elephants, romans first saw them in the Land of Lucania) 

"Pyrrhic Victory"-Pyrrhic won, but lost tons of soldiers so went home.

Term
Italian Alliance (Socii)
Definition

Allies=Any place Rome conquered 

Recruitment Base

When Rome conquered a place, they left the current gov intact, Didn't force anything on them, Just needed to provide soldiers for Rome.

Allies made up majority of Rome's army

Term
3 punic wars against carthage
Definition

messana appealed for rome's help

consul pushed for war and rome went to war

Term
first punic war (war over sicilly)
Definition

navy battles

battle of mylae - romans had corves=ramp to board other ships

romans found a wrecked carthage war ship=copies it 

romans win

Term
hamilcar barce -
Definition

carthages war leader

gorilla warfair

 

Term
indemity
Definition
payment for cost of war
Term
revolt of mercenaries
Definition

carthagian army was made of mercenaries

werent paid = give up carthage to rome

 

Term
1st 3 provinces
Definition

Scilily 

sardinia 

corsica

 

Term
2nd punic war
Definition

hannibal= leader of carthagians 

attempts to break up italian alliance

invade italy

 

scipio-roman general = battle of zama - right outside of carthage

hannibal goes back to africa

rome wins

Term
macedonia wars
Definition

philip V- king of macedonia-treaty with hannibal - hate him

1st macedonia war = 1st war romans lost

rome stalled 

Term
2nd macedonia war
Definition

rhodes and pergamum appealed to rome

falmininus=roman general

armies met unexpectedly and rome won

indemnity, abandoned territory in greece

Term
syrian war
Definition

antiochus III-king of seleucid

war indemnity, abandon territory in Asia Minor (Pergamum) 

Rome outnumber, Syrian Army old school, rome wins

Term
Coinage
Definition
Roman republican coin denominations as of 211bc Copper As/asses Initially, one pound of copper Silver Denarius 10asses x Quinarius 5asses v Sestertius 2.5 Copper As/asses reduced to token weight and value determined by ability to exchange with silver coinage Silver Denarius 16asses XVI(lessened value of the as) Quinarius 8asses Sestertius 4asses Gold Emergencies only!
Term

Antropomorphic gods

Definition

jupiter=zeus=thunderbolt and eagle

12 most important gods = olympian gods

athena=zeus's daughter- came from head

neptune=posidon=sea

venus=sex=sea foam

artemis = goddes of hunt

mars = god of war

vulcan = ugliesy god

 

Term
Perseus
Definition

Rhodes and Pergs say Perseus was going to hire Bastarnae to invade Italy

Bastarnae=Tribe of Celts

Term
3rd Macedonian war
Definition

Lucius Paulus=Roman General

Battle of Pydna-Rome Wins

patritioning of Macedonia-Divided Macedonia up into 4 countries(Macedonia 1,2,3,4)

Term
Role of women
Definition
Oppian Law - no showing off (no more than 1/2 ounce of gold, multi colored clothing, carriages) move to repeal the law: would not be able to file paperwork for property so they had a man do it cato the elder: our freedom is conquered by female fury, we let them meddle in our forum marriage without authority
Term

half gods = heros

 

Definition

hercules =lion skin and club

amazon = women with one breast=warrior

icarus=flew to close to sun wax wings melted fell into sea

 

legends by greeks adopted by romans

Term
mystery cults
Definition

·      Mystery religions

·      New the secret you would get an afterlife/immortality

·      So they were popular and many ppl were in them

·      Didn’t know which one was the right cult to be apart of so ppl joined many

·      Only participated in the initiation right and then you were done didn’t have to do anything else

Term
mystery cult - ISIS
Definition

o   Before u knew the secret you had to be initiated- couldn’t have sex

o   Isis gave you life after death!

Term

Bacchus worship (186 BC)

Definition

·      A priest of Cybele

·      Cut their dick off with a stone knife… throw it in someone’s house and wore women’s clothing for the rest of their life – Greeks did this

·      Romans used bulls balls instead of cutting off their own

Term
Philhellenes
Definition

welcomed all greek teachers,philsophers, etc. and supported greek culture into rome

Term

·      Stoicism, Epicureanism

Definition

o   Were New beliefs.. wanted to know their personal place in the universe

o   Stoicism = machine of life is gonna be the same? Predictable. Have no choice what u are going to do in life – your life is fixed, can’t change it

Term

written history of rome

cato the elder

Definition

romans never wrote down history- started writing it in greek

cato didnt want to be a lot about greek culture=wrote history in latin

Term
blood sports
Definition

rome = rish = love gladitors entertainment

adopted from etruscans

only 3 times a year - most didn't die

convicted criminals would go against wild beasts

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