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Clarke-Development of the Orofacial Structures
Development of the Orofacial Structures
60
Anatomy
Graduate
10/16/2012

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Term
When does development of the Orofacial Structures occur?
Definition
During the 4th-12th weeks of prenatal development
Term
When does palatal development occur?
Definition
the 5th-12th week
Term
How does the palatal development occur?
Definition
in stages
Term
What week does the primary palate form?
Definition
the 5th week
Term
What week does the secondary palate form in?
Definition
the 6th week
Term
When do the primary and secondary palates fuse together?
Definition
the 8th-12th week
Term
What does the intermaxillary segment form from?
Definition
the fusion of the 2 medial nasal processes
Term
Where does the intermaxillary segment form?
Definition
below and deep to the nasal pits
Term
What does the intermaxxillary segment form into?
Definition
the primary palate
Term
What does the primary palate do?
Definition
separates the nasal and oral cavities, will become the anterior portion of the hard palate
Term
What are the two palatal shelves that the maxillary process develops? What week does this occur in?
Definition
the lateral palatine processes, about the 6th week
Term
How do the lateral palatine processes grow?
Definition
inferiorly and deep in the stomodeum and in a vertical direction alongside the tongue
Term
What happens to the palatal shelves in the 8th or 9th week?
Definition
they "flip" and go horizontally above the tongue, then the shelves grow towards each other and fuse
Term
What does the secondary palate form?
Definition
the posterior 2/3 of the hard palate, the soft palate, the uvula
Term
Which tooth buds does the secondary palate contain?
Definition
the canines and posterior teeth
Term
What is the evidence of fusion of the secondary palate?
Definition
palatine raphe and median palatine suture
Term
Where is the first site of fusion in the secondary palate? How does it spread?
Definition
the middle, spreads anteriorly and posteriorly
Term
What does the secondary palate separate?
Definition
oral cavity from the nasal cavity
Term
When is the secondary palate completed?
Definition
during the 12th week
Term
When do the nasal cavity and septum form?
Definition
at the same time as the palate
Term
What does the nasal cavity and septum form from?
Definition
the medial nasal process
Term
How does the nasal cavity and septum grow?
Definition
grows down towards the stomodeum
Term
What does the nasal cavity and septum fuse with?
Definition
the two lateral palatine processes
Term
When does fusion of the nasal cavity and septum occur?
Definition
the 9th-12th week
Term
What does fusion of the nasal cavity do and what does it separate it from?
Definition
fusion divides the nasal cavity and separates it from the oral cavity
Term
What is a cleft palate caused by?
Definition
failure of the lateral palatine processes to fuse with the primary palate
Term
What are the variants in cleft? (2)
Definition
slight or extensive
Term
Which form of cleft is seen more in boys?
Definition
cleft lip
Term
Which form of cleft is seem more in girls?
Definition
cleft palate
Term
In which weeks does the tongue develop in?
Definition
the 4th-8th weeks
Term
What does the tongue form from?
Definition
the branchial arches
Term
Which arch does the body of the tongue form from?
Definition
1st arch
Term
Which arch(s) develops the base of the tongue?
Definition
2nd-4th arches
Term
What else does the branchial arches form?
Definition
the floor of the pharynx
Term
Where do swellings of the mesenchyme occur? Which week does this occur in?
Definition
The swellings of the mesenchyme develop in the midline of the floor of the pharynx. This occurs in the 4th week
Term
Where is the tuberculum impar located?
Definition
in the midline
Term
Where do the lateral lingual swellings develop?
Definition
On each side of the tuberculum impar
Term
Where do the tuberculum inpar and lateral lingual swellings come from?
Definition
the 1st branchial arch
Term
What happens to the lateral lingual swellings?
Definition
the overgrow the tuberculum impar and fuse
Term
What is evidence of the fusion of the lateral lingual swellings?
Definition
median lingual sulcus
Term
What process/cells form the lingual frenum?
Definition
cells around the lingual sewllings degenerate, this frees the tongue from the floor of the mouth, except in the midline. Hence, the lingual frenum.
Term
Where is the copula located?
Definition
behind the 3 anterior swellings
Term
What does the copula form from?
Definition
the 3rd branchial arch and part of the 4th branchial arch
Term
What happens to the copula in the in the 8th week?
Definition
it overgrows the 2nd arch and fuses with the body of the tongue to form the base of the tongue
Term
What is the evidence of the fusion of the base of the tongue?
Definition
the sulcus terminails
Term
Where does the sulcu terminalis point?
Definition
backward towards the oropharynx
Term
What is the foramen cecum?
Definition
small, pit-like depression that is the beginning of the thyroglossal duct
Term
What is the 3rd swelling located posterior to the copula?
Definition
epiglottic swelling
Term
Which branchial branch does the epiglottic swelling develop from?
Definition
4th
Term
Where does the epiglottic swelling develop?
Definition
develops in the most posterior region of the tongue and epiglottis
Term
Where do the base of the tongue and epiglottis descend and at what age does this occur?
Definition
they descend into the oropharynx by age 4
Term
Where do intrisic muscles of the tongue originate from?
Definition
the somites
Term
When do papillae form?
Definition
after the tongue is complete
Term
What are the 5 papillae of the tongue? Name in order of development.
Definition
1.Circumvalatte and foliate
2.fungiform and filliform
3.taste buds
Term
Where does the epoglottic swelling develop into?
Definition
the most posterior region of the tongue and epiglottis
Term
At what age do the base and epiglottis descend into the oropharynx by?
Definition
age 4
Term
When is fusion complete?
Definition
at the end of the 8th week
Term
Where do the intrinsic muscles of the tongue originate?
Definition
from somites
Term
When do papillae form?
Definition
after the tongue is completed
Term
What are the 5 papillae? (list them in order of when they develop)
Definition
1.circumvallatte and foliate
2.fungiform and filiform
3.taste buds
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