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| Study of the rights and duties of citizens. |
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| Have certain rights and duties |
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| ruling authority for a community |
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| course of government action to achieve community goals. |
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| government controlled by one person or a small group of people |
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| all the citizens meet to debate government matters and vote first hand |
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| The citizens choose a smaller group of people to represent them in the government. |
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| The government goes by what most people want |
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| becoming a citizen by a natural process |
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| people who move permanently to a new country |
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| sending illegal aliens back to their own country |
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| use of violence by groups against civilians to achieve a political goal. |
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| a legislature or lawmaking body |
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| ruling in an earlier case that was similar |
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| system of law based on precedent and customs |
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| group of people in one place who are ruled by a parent country elsewhere |
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| written document granting land and the authority to set up colonial governments |
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| an agreement or contract among a group of people |
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| theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys. |
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| self reliance and freedom from outside control |
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| written plan for government |
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| group of individuals who band together for a common purpose |
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| Constitutional Convention |
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| meeting where states sent representatives to make the constitution. |
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| system of courts to interpret and apply the laws |
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| where the constitution made two houses, Senate and House |
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| every three out of five slaves would get as citizens |
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| a group of people who would be named by the state legislature to elect the President and Vice President. |
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| supporters of the constitution |
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| form of government in which power is divided between the federal or national, government and the states. |
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| opening section of the Constitution |
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| any change in the Constitution |
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| power lies with the people |
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| split of authority among the legislative, executive and judicial branch |
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| Each branch is able to check and restrain the power of others |
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| powers specifically granted to the national government |
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| Powers that the constitution does not give to the national government that are kept by states |
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| powers that both levels of government can exercise |
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| freedoms we have to think and act |
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| it cannot ban materials or films because they contain offensive ideas |
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| court order allowing law enforcement officers to search a suspects home or business and take specific items |
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| formal charge by a group of citizens |
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| review the evidence against the accused |
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| means that people cannot be accused twice for same crime |
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| right of government to take private property |
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| following established legal procedure |
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| sum o f money used as a security deposit |
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| they required voters to pay a sum of money |
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| unfair treatment based on prejudice |
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| social separation of the races |
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| rights of full citizenships and equality under the law |
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| try to make up for past discrimination |
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| being singled out as suspects because of the way they look |
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| respecting others regardless of their beliefs practices or differences |
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| group of people who share the same interests |
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| complex systems with many departments, may rules and many people in command |
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| health, prosperity and happiness of all members |
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| practice of offering your time and services to others without payment |
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| an oddly shaped district designed to increase voting strength of a particular group |
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| the party that has the majority in congress |
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| the party that has the minority in congress |
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| powers that congress get from Clause 18 of the constitution |
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| overthrow a political leader |
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| court order that requires police to bring a prisoner to court |
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| laws that punish a person without a jury trial |
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| laws that make an act a crime after that act has been committed |
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| sending job related mail without paying postage |
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| people hire by private groups to influence government decision makers |
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| projects that primarily benefit their home state |
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| passed by both houses of congress |
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| organizations made up of people with same common interest |
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| completely unrelated amendments |
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| if three fifths of the members vote to end a filibuster |
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| members voice their votes on paper and turn it in |
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| if congress is adjourned, the bill dies |
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| representatives who vote for the major candidates |
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| rule or command that has the force of law |
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| declaration of forgivenss |
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| an order to delay a persons case |
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| pardon towards a group of people |
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| nations overall plan for dealing with other nations |
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| ability to keep the country safe from attack or harm |
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| formal agreements between the governments of two or more countries |
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| agreement between the presidents and the leader of another country |
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| official representative of a country's government |
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| effort to punish another nation by imposing trade barriers |
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| which is an agreement among a group of nations that prohibits them all from trading with a target nation |
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| group of presidential advisers that includes the heads of the 14 top level executive departments |
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| people who work for these organizations are called bureaucrats |
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| private businesses except the government rather than individuals owns and operates them |
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| people whom the president has chosen because they have proven executive ability or were important supporters |
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| practice of hiring government workers on basis of open competitive examinations and merit |
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| government jobs went to people as a reward for their political support |
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| courts authority to hear and decide cases |
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| federal courts where trials are held and lawsuits are begun |
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| review decisions made in lower diestrict courts |
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| authority of a court to hear a case appealed from a lower court |
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| covering a particular geographic area |
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| send the case back to the lower court to be tried again |
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| detailed explanation of the legal thinking behind the courts decision |
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| gives guidance to other judges by offering a model upon which to base their own decisions on similar cases. |
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| whether it's allowed by constitution or not |
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| power to say whether any federal state or local law goes against the constitution |
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| written document that explains one sides position on the case |
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| presents the views of the majority of the justices on a case |
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| justice who disagrees with the majority's opinion |
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| justice who votes with majority but for different reasons |
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