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Circulatory System Part 2
Human Anatomy - Dr. Gardner
41
Anatomy
Not Applicable
12/01/2011

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Cards

Term
What circulatory circuit carries blood from the heart to the body and back to the heart?
Definition
Systemic circulation
Term
What circulatory circuit carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart?
Definition
Pulmonary Circulation
Term
What is a communication between or coalescence of blood vessels?
Definition
Anastomosis
Term
What are vessels that form one-way pathways of blood vessels carrying blood away from the heart?
Definition
End arteries
Term
What are blood vessels that travel together?
Definition
Companion vessels
Term
What is the general term that describes the layers of tissue forming the walls of a blood vessel?
Definition
Tunics
Term
Blood flows through what space within a blood vessel?
Definition
Lumen
Term
Functionally, what makes an artery an artery?
Definition
Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
Term
What are the three types of arteries?
Definition
Elastic arteries
Muscular arteries
Arterioles
Term
What type of artery is able to withstand the strong pulsations of the ejected blood as well as reduce the force of the pulsations somewhat so that the pressure of the arterial blood equalizes slightly as it reaches smaller arteries and capillaries?
Definition
Elastic arteries (conducting arteries)
Term
What are some examples of elastic arteries?
Definition
Aorta
Pulmonary artery
Brachiocephalic artery
Common carotid artery
Subclavian artery
Common iliac artery
Term
What type of artery has less elastic tissue and more smooth muscle and thus are less distenible but more able to vasoconstrict and vasodilate?
Definition
Muscular arteries
Term
What are some examples of muscular arteries?
Definition
Brachial artery
Anterior tibial artery
Coronary artery
Inferior mesenteric artery
Term
What is the smallest type of arteries?
Definition
Arterioles
Term
What blood vessels consist of a single layer of endothelium and are the functional units of the cardiovascular system?
Definition
Capillaries
Term
What type of blood vessel carries blood back to the heart?
Definition
Veins
Term
What type of vein carries oxygenated blood?
Definition
Pulmonary veins
Term
What is the smallest type of vein?
Definition
Venules
Term
How do veins differ structurally from arteries?
Definition
Less smooth muscle
Valves
Term
What specific blood vessel carries blood away from the left ventricle of the heart?
Definition
Ascending aorta
Term
From what blood vessel do the right and left coronary arteries emerge?
Definition
Ascending aorta
Term
The ascending aorta leads into what other segment of the aorta?
Definition
Aortic Arch
Term
Following the flow of blood from the heart what is the first branch of the aortic arch?
Definition
Brachiocephalic trunk
Term
The brachiocephalic trunk bifurcates into what two arteries?
Definition
Right common carotid artery
Right subclavian artery
Term
Following the flow of blood from the heart what is the second branch of the aortic arch?
Definition
Left common carotid artery
Term
Following the flow of blood from the heart what is the third branch of the aortic arch?
Definition
Left subclavian artery
Term
What region of the body do the subclavian arteries supply?
Definition
Upper extremity
Some thoracic structures
The brain via the vertebral arteries
Term
What region of the body do the common carotid arteries supply?
Definition
Head and neck
Term
The aortic arch leads immediately into what other segment of the aorta?
Definition
Descending thoracic aorta
Term
Once the descending aorta passes through the diaphragm it is known as what?
Definition
Descending abdominal aorta
Term
At what level of the vertebral column does the aorta end?
Definition
L4
Term
The aorta terminates by bifurcating into what two arteries?
Definition
Left and right common iliac arteries
Term
The bifurcations of the abdominal aorta themselves bifurcate into what two arteries?
Definition
Internal iliac arteries
External iliac arteries
Term
What blood vessel returns blood from the lower limbs, pelvis and perineum, and abdominal structures to the right atrium of the heart?
Definition
Inferior vena cava
Term
Veins that drain the head, neck, and upper limbs merge to form what vessels?
Definition
Left and right brachiocephalic veins
Term
Vessels formed by the merging of veins draining the head, neck, and upper limbs themselves merge to form what vessel, which then drains into the right atrium of the heart?
Definition
Superior vena cava
Term
The common carotid arteries bifurcate into what arteries?
Definition
External carotid arteries
Internal carotid arteries
Term
The external carotid artery terminates by dividing into what two arteries?
Definition
Maxillary artery
Superficial temporal artery
Term
What vein draining the head can often be seen superficial to the sternocleidomastoid?
Definition
External jugular vein
Term
What deep vein draining the cranial cavity begins at the jugular foramen of the skull?
Definition
Internal jugular vein
Term
The external jugular vein drains into what vein?
Definition
Subclavian vein
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