Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Circulatory System Lecture
General Circulatory System Questions
41
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
02/22/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Pulmonary Circuit
Definition

Circuit that collects deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it back into the lungs to be reoxygenation and CO2 removal.

 

Right side of heart

Term
Systemic Circuit
Definition

Left side of heart

Collects oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body through the aorta.

Term
Pericardial Cavity
Definition
The space where the heart is located
Term
Parietal Pericardium
Definition
The outer tough membrane of the Pericardial Cavity
Term
Visceral Pericardium
Definition
also called the epicardium. The outside (outer layer) of the heart or the inner layer of the Pericardial cavity
Term
Potential Space
Definition
The space where the heart lies. Contains lubricant that prevents friction against the heart.
Term
Epicardium
Definition
The first layer of the heart
Term
Myocardium
Definition
middle layer of heart
Term
Endocardium
Definition
inner layer of heart.
Term
Sinous Venosus
Definition
Forms the heart embryonically.gets incorporated into the right atrium and this is where the heart beat originates.
Term
Bulbous Cordis
Definition
forms the heart embryonically. eventually develops into the great vessels (the pulmonary trunk and aorta).
Term
The sinus venosus becomes the
Definition
Sinoatrial node. SA node.
Term
Sinoatrial node
Definition
the pacemaker of the heart
Term
Atrioventricular node
Definition
is an area of specialized tissue between the atria and the ventricles of the heart, which conducts the normal electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles.
Term
Bundle Branches
Definition
From the His bundle, the electrical impulse enters the two “bundle branches” (the right and the left). The right and left bundle branches send the electrical impulse to the right and left ventricle, respectively. When the bundle branches are functioning normally, the right and left ventricles contract nearly simultaneously.
Term
Perkinje Fibers
Definition
wires that carry the electrical impluses from the SA node through both atria
Term
If the SA node is damaged...
Definition
the other parts of the heart take over and become the pacemaker of the heart.
Term
Parasympathetic stimulation from _____ causes the heart rate to slow down. _____ speeds it up
Definition
Vagas nerve (cranial nerve 10).
Sympathetic stimulation
Term
ultimate control of the heart
Definition
medulla oblongata
Term
Acute Pericarditis
Definition
inflammation of the pericardium sometimes due to infection, radiation therapy, or connective tissue disease causing pain and friction rub.
Term
Cardiac tamponade
Definition
compression of the heart by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity; interfering with ventricular filling.may result from pericarditis
Term
cardiomyopathy
Definition
any disease of the myocardium not resulting from coronary artery disease,valvular dysfunction, or other cardiovascular disorders.can cause dilation and failure of the heart, thinning of the heart wall or thickening of the intraventricular septum.
Term
infective endocarditis
Definition
inflammation of the endocardium,usually due to infection,especially streptococcus and staphlococcus bacterial infections
Term
mycardial ischemia
Definition
inadequate blood flow to the myocardium, usually because of coronary atherosclerosis; can lead to myocardial infarction.
Term
pericardial effusion
Definition
seepage of fluid from the pericardium into the pericardial cavity, often resulting from pericarditis and sometimes causing cardiac tamponade
Term
systole
Definition
period of contraction
Term
Diastole
Definition
period of relaxation
Term
EKG complete cardio circuit
Definition
PQRST
Term
P in EKG
Definition
Atrial depolarization
Term
QRS in EKG
Definition
ventricular depolarization
Term
T in EKG
Definition
ventricular repolarization
Term
explain the activity of valves opening/closing while the heart beats.
Definition
During atrial systole the tricupid and bicuspid valves are open…and blood drains from the atria into the ventricles without much pressure build up. During ventricular systole the ventricles and papillary muscles contract. The A-V valves are pulled shut and closed. Pressure now builds in both ventricles until they generate enough positive pressure to push open the two semilunar valves. The ventricles continue to contract and push blood into their respective vessels (what are they). As soon as the ventricles relax the pressure begins to drop…when it equals the corresponding vessel pressure the semilunar valves snap shut.
Term
tunica intima
Definition
inner layer of blood vessel.composed of a single layer of squamous epithelial cells and is called the endothelium.
Term
tunica media.. composed of?
Definition
middle layer of blood vessel.is composed of connective tissue and smooth muscle cells that are arranged in a circular layer.
Term
tunica adventitia
Definition
outer layer of blood vessel. composed of connective tissue
Term
Capillaries are composed of only...
Definition
the tunica intima layer = endothelium.
Term
elastica interna and elastica externa.
Definition
Medium to large arteries contain layers of elastic tissue in the tunica media.
Term
the ________is much thicker in arteries.
The ________ is much thicker in veins
Definition
tunica media; tunica adventitia
Term
Sphygmomanometer
Definition
blood pressure cuff
Term
first sound of Karotkoff
Definition
systole number. External pressure is slowly released until blood rushes through the artery.gushing is because blood only flows during systole
Term
second click of Karotkoff
Definition
Pressure is slowly reduced until blood flow is continuous (=laminar flow) and this is recorded as the systolic pressure.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!