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| Disease characterized by the presence of an atheroma (plaque), which leads to thickening of the inner surface of an artery, leaving a smaller lumen for blood flow. |
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| Ballooning of an artery due to a weakened vessel wall; it is susceptible to rupture, leading to severe bleeding. |
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| blood clot in a vein. Usually occurs in individuals with heart disease or those who are inactive or immobile for a long period of time. |
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| Vein that is extremely dilated and follows a twisted path due to poorly functioning venous valves. |
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| Circulatory shock is due to any condition in which blood vessels are inadequately filled and blood cannot circulate normally. Typically due to impaired pumping of the heart or to low venous return. |
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Definition
| chronically elevated blood pressure, defined as a systolic pressure greater than 140 mmHg and/or a diastolic pressure greater than 90 mmHg. |
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| chronically low blood pressure |
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| a drop in blood pressure when an individual suddenly changes position. |
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| inflammation of the larynx many times caused by a viral or bacterial infection. |
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| inflammation of the bronchi caused by a viral or bacterial infection, or by inhaling irritants. |
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| a chronic condition characterized by episodes of bronchoconstriction coupled with wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and excess pulmonary mucus. |
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| a highly aggressive and frequently fatal malignancy that originates in the epithelium of the respiratory system. |
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| inflammation of the pleural membranes. Inflamed membranes increase the friction between the visceral and parietal pleural layers. |
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Definition
| excess fluid in the pleural cavity. |
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Definition
an irreversible loss of pulmonary gas exchange surface due to inflammation of air passageways distal to the terminal bronchioles. The elastic tissue in the walls of these passageways is destroyed which lead to dilation and merging of alveoli with each other.
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