Term
|
Definition
| scientific theory that has the earth as the center of the universe with the sun and stars revolving around it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a transformation in European thought in the 1500s and 1600s that called for scientific observation, experimentation, and the questioning of traditional opinions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a method of inquiry that promotes observing, measuring, explaining, and verifying as a way to gain scientific knowledge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1596–1650) French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist; his belief that all things should be doubted until they could be proved by reason became one of the underpinnings of the scientific method. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| scientific theory that has the sun as the center of the universe with the earth rotating around the sun |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1564–1642) Italian astronomer, mathematician, and physicist; he discovered the law of motion of falling objects and invented the first working telescope; his discoveries put him into conflict with the Roman Catholic Church. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1642–1727) English mathematician and natural philosopher; he discovered the law of gravity as well as laws on the physics of objects. |
|
|
Term
The Scientific Revolution inspired
|
|
Definition
| new ways of thinking led to remarkable discoveries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a time of optimism and possibility from the late 1600s to the late 1700s; also called the Age of Reason |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gatherings in which intellectual and political ideas were exchanged during the Enlightenment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an agreement between a people and their government, stating that people would give up some of their freedom and in return, their government would provide them with peace, security, and order |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1632–1704) English philosopher and founder of British empiricism; he developed political and economic theories during the Enlightenment. He wrote Two Treatises on Government in which he declared that people have a right to rebel against governments that do not protect their rights. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1712–1778) Swiss-French political philosopher; he valued the social contract and addressed the nature of man in his work On the Origin of Inequality. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1689–1755) French jurist and political philosopher; he explored democratic theories of government. He proposed a government divided into three branches and greatly influenced the United States Constitution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| philosophers of the Enlightenment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1694–1778) French philosopher and author; he was a supporter of Deism, the idea that God was no longer involved with the universe after creating it. He also advocated a tolerant approach to religion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the absolute monarchs in 18th-century Europe who ruled according to the principles of the Enlightenment |
|
|
Term
During the Enlightenment, |
|
Definition
| European thinkers developed new ideas about government and society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1765) a law passed by the British Parliament that raised tax money by requiring the American colonists to pay for an official stamp whenever they bought paper items |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1743–1826) American statesman; third president of the United States; he was a member of two Continental Congresses, chairman of the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence, the Declaration’s main author and one of its signers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1706–1790) American statesman; he was a philosopher, scientist, inventor, writer, publisher, first U. S. postmaster, and member of the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1732–1799) First president of the United States; he commanded the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War and served as a representative to the Continental Congress. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1783) the agreement that officially ended the American Revolution and established British recognition of the independence of the United States |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (1751–1836) American statesman; he was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention and the fourth president of the United States. He is known as the “father of the Constitution. ” |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a system of government in which power is divided between a central, or a federal, government and individual states |
|
|
Term
| Enlightenment ideas led to revolution, independence, and a new government for the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Believed women should have the same educational opportunities and rights as men |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Compiled the Encyclopedia, 28 volumes on art, science, government, and religion |
|
|
