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Chemistry of Living Things
Anatomy ch 2, study of the structure of matter.
49
Anatomy
10th Grade
09/16/2012

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Term
The ability to do work is called
Definition
Energy
Term
The subatomic particles with a positive (+) charge are called
Definition
Protons
Term
The four main groups of organic compounds are
Definition
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
Term
Lipids or fats may also be know as all of the following except: fatty acids, cholesterol, glycogen, triglycerides
Definition
Glycogen
Term
The reaction that occurs when an acid and base are combined is
Definition
Neutralization
Term
Dehydration synthesis involves the synthesis of a large molecule from small ones by
Definition
The loss of a molecule of H2O
Term
The nitrogenous bases of the rungs of the DNA ladder are paired as: TA, TC, TG, AC
Definition
Thymine with adenine (TA)
Term
A diagnostic test to determine the effects of a stroke is
Definition
Position electron emission (PET)
Term
Specialized protein molecules that help control cell activity are
Definition
Enzymes
Term
pH measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. A solution with a pH of 8 would be
Definition
Alkaline
Term
When an atom has six protons, six neutrons, and six electrons, is it positive, negative, or neutral?
Definition
Neutral
Term
When atom A gives up an electron to atom B, it now has more protons than electrons. What does this mean?
Definition
It has a positive charge.
Term
The atom B that took up the extra electron now has more electrons than protons. What does this mean?
Definition
It has a negative charge.
Term
Charged atoms are called
Definition
Ions
Term
If an atom has en equal number of protons but a different number of neutrons it is called an
Definition
Isotope
Term
When an ____________ comes apart if gives off energy in what form? How is this used for medical purposes?
Definition
Isotope, It gives off energy in the form of radiation which can be picked up by a detector. The detector can detect the emission from a radioactive isotope and form an image.
Term
What are the common symbols for the following elements: sodium, calcium, chlorine, hydrogen, oxygen, iron, iodine, phosphorus, potassium, and carbon?
Definition
Na, Ca, Cl, H, O, Fe, I, P, K, and C.
Term
The most important inorganic compound is
Definition
Water
Term
The element always found in organic compounds is
Definition
Carbon
Term
Explain the differences between a monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide.
Definition
Monosaccharides cannot be broken down any further, disaccharides are formed from two monosaccharides, and polysaccharides are large complex molecules of hundreds to thousands of glucose molecules.
Term
Identify the compound illustrated by the following symbol: H2SO4
Definition
Sulfuric acid
Term
Identify the compound illustrated by the following symbol: NaCl
Definition
Sodium chloride
Term
Identify the compound illustrated by the following symbol: KOH
Definition
Potassium hydroxide
Term
Identify the compound illustrated by the following symbol: HCL
Definition
Hydrochloric acid
Term
Identify the compound illustrated by the following symbol: C12H22O11
Definition
Sucrose
Term
Identify the compound illustrated by the following symbol: CO2
Definition
Carbon dioxide
Term
Identify the compound illustrated by the following symbol: NaOH
Definition
Sodium hydroxide
Term
Identify the compound illustrated by the following symbol: H2O
Definition
Water
Term
Identify the compound illustrated by the following symbol: C6H12O6
Definition
Glucose
Term
Identify the compound illustrated by the following symbol: NaHCO3
Definition
Sodium bicarbonate
Term
Carbohydrates are divided intro three main groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Identify the group for the following sugar: Ribose
Definition
Mono
Term
Carbohydrates are divided intro three main groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Identify the group for the following sugar: Cellulose
Definition
Poly
Term
Carbohydrates are divided intro three main groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Identify the group for the following sugar: Maltose
Definition
Di
Term
Carbohydrates are divided intro three main groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Identify the group for the following sugar: Fructose
Definition
Mono
Term
Carbohydrates are divided intro three main groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Identify the group for the following sugar: Starch
Definition
Poly
Term
Carbohydrates are divided intro three main groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Identify the group for the following sugar: Sucrose
Definition
Di
Term
Carbohydrates are divided intro three main groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Identify the group for the following sugar: Glycogen
Definition
Poly
Term
Carbohydrates are divided intro three main groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Identify the group for the following sugar: Lactose
Definition
Di
Term
Carbohydrates are divided intro three main groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Identify the group for the following sugar: Dextrose
Definition
Poly
Term
State whether the following substance is an acid or a base. Milk
Definition
Base
Term
State whether the following substance is an acid or a base. Baking soda
Definition
Base
Term
State whether the following substance is an acid or a base. Gastric juice
Definition
Acid
Term
State whether the following substance is an acid or a base. Soap
Definition
Base
Term
State whether the following substance is an acid or a base. Urine
Definition
Acid
Term
State whether the following substance is an acid or a base. Saliva
Definition
Acid
Term
State whether the following substance is an acid or a base. Vinegar
Definition
Acid
Term
State whether the following substance is an acid or a base. Carbonated beverages
Definition
Acid
Term
State whether the following substance is an acid or a base. Lemons
Definition
Acid
Term
State whether the following substance is an acid or a base. Milk of magnesia
Definition
Base
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