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Chapters 1 & 2
needed for chapters 1 & 2
90
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/20/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

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Term
physiology
Definition
study of how the body functions
Term
pathology
Definition
study of disease
Term
anatomy
Definition
study of structure
Term
levels of organization
Definition
cell, tissue, organ, system, organism/body
Term
circulatory system
Definition
system that transports blood to and from the cells
Term
skeletal system
Definition
comprised of bones and joints
Term
metabolism
Definition
all the reactions that sustain life
Term
anabolic reaction
Definition
simple compounds are assembled into more complex compounds
Term
catabolic reaction
Definition
breakdown of complex into simple
Term
example of positive feedback
Definition
A rise in estrogen levels stimulates the production of a hormone that stimulates estrogen production.
Term
lateral
Definition
farther from the midline of the body
Term
inferior
Definition
the position of the stomach with respect to lungs; under
Term
medial
Definition
the position of the hypogastric region with respect to iliac region; closer to middle
Term
proximal
Definition
position of elbow with respect to hand; closer to origin/heart
Term
cranial
Definition
nearer to the head
Term
transverse plane
Definition
divides body into superior(upper) and inferior(lower) parts
Term
frontal plane
Definition
divides body into anterior and posterior parts
Term
dorsal body cavity
Definition
contains brain and spinal cord
Term
urinary bladder is in the _____.
Definition
pelvic cavity
Term
hypogastric region
Definition
most inferior medial region in the abdomen
Term
iliac is also called ____.
Definition
inguinal region
Term
1000
Definition
# of mL in a liter
Term
gram
Definition
basic unit of weight in metric system
Term
quart
Definition
volume in US measurement closest to liter
Term
0.25 grams
Definition
equivalent to 250 milligrams
Term
1250 mm
Definition
equivalent to 125 cm
Term
kilo-
Definition
metric prefix that means 1000
Term
term homeo is best defined as ____.
Definition
same
Term
tissue
Definition
specialized group of cells
Term
respiratory system
Definition
takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide
Term
integumentary system
Definition
skin and associated structures
Term
nervous system
Definition
includes brain and spinal cord
Term
ATP
Definition
energy-storing compound found in all cells
Term
intracellular fluid
Definition
fluid within cells
Term
extracellular fluid
Definition
fluid on outside of cells: blood and lymp
Term
homeostasis
Definition
a state of internal balance
Term
distal
Definition
farther from origin/heart
Term
sagittal plane
Definition
divides body into left and right parts
Term
coronal plane
Definition
another name for frontal
Term
diaphragm
Definition
muscle seperating thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity
Term
liter
Definition
basic unit of volume in metric system
Term
celsius
Definition
temperature scale used for scientific
Term
-logy
Definition
means study of
Term
used to maintain homeostasis & example
Definition
negative feedback; thermostat is set at certain temp.. if temp inside drops below or goes above that set temp, it triggers heat or air to maintain that temp.
Term
element combined with oxygen in water
Definition
hydrogen
Term
atomic number is based on number of
Definition
protons
Term
negatively charged particle orbiting the nucleus of an atom is
Definition
electron
Term
uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom
Definition
neutron
Term
unit formed by union of two or more atoms
Definition
molecule
Term
mixture in which the components seperate unless shaken
Definition
suspension
Term
substance in which another substance is dissolved
Definition
solvent
Term
universal solvent
Definition
water
Term
charged atom or group of atoms
Definition
ion
Term
bond formed by the sharing of electrons between elements
Definition
covalent bond
Term
negatively charged ion
Definition
anion
Term
compounds that release ions in a solution
Definition
electrolytes
Term
donated to another substance by an acid
Definition
hydrogen ion
Term
based on the solution's concentration of the element hydrogen
Definition
pH
Term
a substance with a pH of 4.0 is _____ acidic than a substance with a pH of 6.0.
Definition
more
Term
form of an element that differs in its atomic weight from other forms of that same element
Definition
isotope
Term
element that is basis of organic chemistry
Definition
carbon
Term
all proteins (not sugars) contain _____.
Definition
nitrogen
Term
protein that catalyzes reactions
Definition
enzyme
Term
poly-
Definition
many
Term
found in table salt
Definition
chlorine
Term
makes up greatest percentage by weight in the body
Definition
oxygen
Term
needed to build bones
Definition
calcium
Term
subunit of an element
Definition
atom
Term
positively charged particles in the atom nucleus
Definition
protons
Term
atomic number of an element is equal to _____.
Definition
the # of protons
Term
atomic # is 11.. ion has a single + charge (Na+).... # of electrons?
Definition
10
Term
atomic weight= protons + neutrons
protons= atomic weight - neutrons
neutrons= atomic weight - protons
Definition
------
Term
# of electrons is equal to _____.
Definition
# of protons & atomic number
Term
combo of 2 or more substances that are not chemically bonded
Definition
mixture
Term
substance composed of 2 or more different elements participating in a chemical bond
Definition
compound
Term
substance that dissolves in another substance
Definition
solute
Term
non-seperating suspension
Definition
colloidal
Term
mixture in which components remain evenly distributed
Definition
solution
Term
graphic tracing of the electric current generated by the heart
Definition
electrocardiogram
Term
example of organic compound
Definition
glycerol
Term
chemical category that includes fats & cholesterol
Definition
lipids
Term
proteins are complex molecules composed of
Definition
amino acids
Term
simplest form of carbohydrate
Definition
monosaccharides
Term
all enzymes are ____.
Definition
proteins
Term
hydrophobic substance
Definition
repels water
Term
a substance that has a name ending in -ase is most likely a
Definition
protein
Term
2 uses of radioisotopes
Definition
radiation treatment of cancer; used to diagnose abnormalities of organs
Term
3 characteristics of organic compounds
Definition
contain carbon, they are large and complex, found in living things
Term
3 types of carbohydrates
Definition
monosaccharides: simple sugar: glucose
disaccharides: 2 simple sugars: sucrose
polysaccharides: many simple sugars and complex: starch
Term
enzymes fail....
Definition
when under extreme temperatures or conditions
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