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Chapter Three
Cell Biology Review
19
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/14/2010

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Term
General Cell
Definition

Cell Surface: Plasma Membrane

Cytoplasm

Organelles and inlcusions

Term
General Cell
Definition
[image]
Term
connection between glycocalyx and cancer
Definition

-glcocalyx has to do w/sugar

-glcocalyx -- recoginize and responds to the cells

-transforms cells

Term
membrane specializations
Definition

-microvilli-- finger like folds (increases surface area)

-junctions

   --tight junctions

      -prevent anything from passing

   --desmosomes

   --gap junctions

Term
functions of the plasma membrane
Definition

-membrane transport

-generate and maintain membrane potential

-cell-enviornment interactions

Term
membrane transport
Definition

-cell membrane is permemable

-passive and active transport

Term
passive processes
Definition

-diffusion

   -simple

   -facilitated

-osmosis

-filtration

Term
diffusion
Definition
-movement of materials from high to low
Term
simple diffusion
Definition

-if polar = can go through membrane

-if nonpolar = must have a channel

Term
facilitated diffusion
Definition

-need transport membranes

-cells can add more channels if needed

Term
osmosis
Definition

-diffusion of water through a selective permemable membrane

-tonicity

   -isotonic

   -hypertonic

   -hypotonic

Term
filtration
Definition

-forces water and solutes through a membrane via hydrostatic pressure

-ex. kidneys

Term
active transport
Definition

-ATP = ADP +Pi

-Pi can be added to another molecule ie. protein

Term
sodium pump
Definition

-sodium potassium exchange pump

-sodium pumped out

-potassium pumped in

-responsible for membrane potential

-ATP needed

Term

vesicular transport

  exocytosis

Definition
[image]
Term

vesicular transport

  endocytosis

Definition
[image]
Term
phagocytosis
Definition
[image]
Term
bulk phase endocytosis
Definition
this allows cells to sample
Term
resting membrane potential
Definition

-positive on the outside

-negative on the inside

-potential = difference in charge

-establish and maintain

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