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What did the Bill of Rights consist of? |
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| What was every 1 out of 4 sections of land set aside for? |
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| Who was called the "father of the constitution"? |
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| Who was The Federalist written by? |
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| "Publius" - Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and James Jay. |
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| What was the purpose of The Federalist? |
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| It was a series of 85 essays defending the constitution between 1787 and 1788. |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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| Set up a split government of state and national. Delegates called this a confederation - alliance. |
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| What do the articles of confederation provide for? |
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| Which event convinced the government the articles of confederation needed to be changed? |
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| (Daniel) Shay's Rebellion - farmers attempted to close the courts. |
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| To formally accuse president with misconduct in office. Impeached presidents include Clinton (sex) and Andrew Johnson (didnt like him). |
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| Government in which citizens rule through elected representatives |
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| Idea that governments should be based on the consent of the people |
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| Established a plan for surveying the land. |
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| Northwest Ordinance of 1787 |
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| Established procedures for western lands to become territories and, eventually, states. |
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| Divided power between the national government and the state government. |
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| Makes laws - Congress (senate, house of representatives) in Article 1 |
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| Carries out laws - President (vp, secretaries of state and defense, attorney general, treasury.) In Article 2. |
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Interprets laws - Supreme court. (Circuit court of appeals, District court.)
In Article 2. |
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| A system created to prevent one branch from dominating the others. |
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| A number of electors equal to the number of senators and representatives the state has in congress. The group of electors chosen by the states cast the ballots for the candidates. |
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| THERES TOO MANY DANG CARDS |
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| Favored the new constitution's balance of power between the stats and national gov. |
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Ex. George Washington and James Madison. Received support from merchants, skilled workers, and laborers - saw the benefit of a national gov. that could regulate trade.
(Small states and weak economies also fans) |
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| Opposed having a strong central government and were against the constitution. |
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| More AntiFederalist awesomeness! |
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| Ex. Patrick Henry and Samuel Adams. Received support form rural areas - people feared a strong gov. would come with higher taxes. |
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| Who was Letters from the Federal Farmer written by? |
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| Most likely Richard Henry Lee - it was a publication that listed rights of AntiFederalists. |
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| Issues discussed at Continental Congress |
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Definition
1. Representation by population or state - each state has one vote regardless of population
2. Supreme Power - State and National government
3. Western Lands - at first, all states gave up western claims. (next were the ordinances) |
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| Powers of Articles of Confederation |
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Definition
1. Make war & peace
2. Maintain army and navy
3. Negotiate treaties and alliances with foreign nations
4. Borrow money
5. Create a national postal service! Yeah! |
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| Weaknesses of Articles of Confederation |
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Definition
1. No taxing or regulating trade
2. Regardless of population, only one vote per state
3. 9/13 states have to agree on new laws
4. Amending of articles needs unanimous agreement
5. No executive branch to enforce laws
6. No national court to settle legal disputes
7. 13 states that were not united D: |
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Constitutional Convention Conflict -
strong central gov vs. strong states |
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Definition
Virginia wanted membership based on states population, New Jersey wanted equal vote for all states.
Solution
Great compromise - two-house legislature with all states having equal representation in the Senate and each state having representation based on its population in the House of Representatives. |
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Constitutional Convention Conflict -
Slavery - Related issues |
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Definition
Southern delegates wanted slaves counted for population but not for taxes.
Northern delegates wanted slaves to not be counted in population but for taxes.
Solution
Three-Fifths Compromise - called for 3/5s of a states slaves to be counted as population. |
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| No interfering with slave trade for 20 years, no more auctioning of slaves, $10 tax for each slave. |
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| Antifederalists wanted a written guarantee of freedom of speech, press, religion, right to trial by jury and the right to bear arms. |
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| More Bill of Rights Shenanigans! |
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First Amendment guarantees rights to freedom of religion, speech, the press.
The Second and Third Amendments grant citizens the right to bear arms and prevents quartering troops
The Fourth through Eighth Amendments guarantee fair treatments for individuals suspected of accused of crimes |
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MORE Bill of Rights
(last one though ^_^) |
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Definition
The Ninth Amendment makes it clear that people's rights are not restricted to just those specifically mentioned in the constitution
The Tenth Amendment clarifies that the people and the states have all the powers that the constitution does not specifically give to the national government or deny to the states |
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