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Chapter 9
76-90
15
Anatomy
11th Grade
01/17/2012

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Term
CUSHING'S SYNDROME
Definition
A CONDITION CAUSING A SWOLLEN "MOON FACE", HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, HYPERGLYCEMIA, WEAKENING OF THE THE BONES, SEVERE DEPRESSION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM.
Term
MASCULINZATION
Definition
HYPERSECRETION OF THE SEX HORMONES; IN FEMALES, A BEARD DEVELOPS, A MASCULINE PATTERN OF HAIR DEVELOPS.
IN MALES, SYMPTOMS ARE MASKED.
Term
ADRENAL MEDULLA
Definition
DEVELOPS FROM A KNOT OF NERVOUS TISSUE; RELEASES THE HORMONES EPINEPHRINE (ADRENALINE) AND NOREPINEPHRINE (NORADRENALINE) INTO THE BLOOD STREAM.
Term
MINERALCORTICOIDS AND GLUCOCORTICOIDS
Definition
LONG-TERM STRESS RESPONSE HORMONES
Term
CATECHOLAMINES
Definition
THE ADRENALINE HORMONES EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE HELP WITH SHORT-TERM STRESS RESPONSE, INCREASES HEART RATE, INCREASES BLOOD PRESSURE AND METABOLIC RATE
Term
PANCREAS
Definition
A MIXED GLAND LOCATED CLOSE TO THE STOMACH IN THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY.
Term
PANCREATIC ISLETS
Definition
(ISLETS OF LANGERHANS)
SMALL MASSES OF HORMONE-PRODUCING TISSUE SCATTERED AMONG THE ENZYME-PRODUCING ACINAR TISSUES OF THE PANCREAS; PRODUCES INSULIN AND GLUCAGON
Term
DIABETES MELLITUS
Definition
A CONDITION IN WHICH GLUCOSE BEGINS TO SPILL INTO THE URINE BECAUSE THE KIDNEY TUBE CELL CAN NOT RE-ABSORB FAST ENOUGH. THREE SIGNS ARE POLYURIA, POLYDIPSIA, POLYPHAGIA
Term
ACIDOSIS
Definition
THE BLOOD IS VERY ACIDIC DUE TO LARGE AMOUNTS OF FATS BEING USED FOR ENERGY INSTEAD OF SUGARS
Term
GLUCAGON
Definition
 a hormone secreted by the pancreas, raises blood glucose levels. Its effect is opposite that of insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels. The pancreas releases glucagon when blood sugar (glucose) levels fall too low. Glucagon causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is released into the bloodstream
Term
BETA CELLS
Definition
 groups of cells located in the pancreas and designed to produce insulin. Beta cells are located throughout the pancreas in what is called the islets of Langerhans. In those with type 1 diabetes, the beta cells have largely been destroyed by an autoimmmune response resulting in a significant decrease of insulin. Symptoms begin to appear when roughly 90% of the beta cells have been destroyed.
Term
KETOSIS
Definition
THE CONDITION OF ACIDOSIS, IF NOT CORRECTED, COMA AND DEATH RESULT.
Term
POLYURIA
Definition
EXCESSIVE URINATION TO FLUSH OUT THE GLUCOSE AND KETONES
Term
POLYDIPSIA
Definition
EXCESSIVE THIRST RESULTING FROM WATER LOSS
Term
POLYPHAGIA
Definition
HUNGER DUE TO INABILITY TO USE SUGARS AND THE LOSS OF FAT AND PROTEINS FROM THE BODY
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