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Chapter 9
1-15
15
Anatomy
11th Grade
01/15/2012

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Term
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Definition
COORDINATES AND DIRECTS THE ACTIVITY OF THE BODY'S CELLS; USES CHEMICAL MESSENGERS CALLED HORMONES THAT ARE RELEASED INTO THE BLOODSTREAM
Term
HORMONES
Definition
CONTROL REPRODUCTION, GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT, MOBILIZING BODY DEFENSES AGAINST STRESSORS, MAINTAIN ELECTROLYTES, WATER, NUTRIENT BALANCE OF THE BLOOD, CELLULAR METABOLISM AND ENERGY BALANCE.
Term
ENDOCRINOLOGY
Definition
THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF HORMONES AND ENDOCRINE ORGANS,
Term
HORMONES
Definition
CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES THAT ARE SECRETED BY ENDOCRINE CELLS INTO THE EXTRACELLULAR FLUIDS AND REGULATES THE METABOLIC ACTIVITY OF OTHER CELLS IN THE BODY.
Term
AMINO ACID-BASED MOLECULES
Definition
PROTEINS, PEPTIDES, AND AMINES
Term
STEROID HORMONES
Definition
MADE FROM CHOLESTEROL; 5 TYPES- ANDROGENS, ESTROGENS,PROGESTINS,MINERALOCORTOCOIDS,GLUCOCORTOCOIDS
Term
PROSTAGLANDIS
Definition
MADE FROM HIGHLY ACTIVE LIPIDS RELEASED FROM NEARLY ALL CELL MEMBRANES.
Term
STEROID HORMONES
Definition
LIPID-SOLUBLE MOLECULES THAT CAN DIFFUSE THROUGH PLASMA MEMBRANE OF THEIR TARGET CELLS, THEN ENTER THE NUCLEUS AND BINDS TO A SPECIFIC RECEPTOR PROTEIN, THEN BINDS TO SPECIFIC SITES ON THE CELL'S DNA, ACTIVATING CERTAIN GENES TO TRANSMIT MESSENGER RNA.
Term
HORMONES
Definition
DERIVED FROM THE GREEK WORD MEANING AROUSE; ALTERS CELLULAR ACTIVITY. -CAUSES CHANGES IN PLASMA MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY OR ELECTRICAL STATE -SYNTHESIS OF PROTEINS OF CERTAIN REGULATORY MOLECULES IN THE CELL -ACTIVATION OR INACTIVATION OF ENZYMES -STIMULATION OF MITOSIS -PROMOTION OF SECRETORY ACTIVITY
Term
SECOND MESSENGER
Definition
INTRACELLULAR MOLECULE GENERATED BY THE BINDING OF A CHEMICAL TO A MEMBRANE RECEPTOR; MEDIATES INTRACELLULAR RESPONSES
Term
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISMS
Definition
REGULATES BLOOD LEVELS OF NEARLY ALL HORMONES
Term
ENDOCRINE GLAND STIMULI
Definition
STIMULI THAT ACTIVATES THE ENDOCRINE GLANDS-3 TYPES OF STIMULI: HORMONAL, HUMORAL, AND NEURAL.
Term
HORMONAL STIMULI
Definition
ENDOCRINE ORGANS ARE KNOCKED INTO ACTION BY OTHER HORMONES AND BLOOD-BORNE CHEMICALS
Term
CALCITONIN
Definition
A HORMONE RELEASED BY THE THYROID GLAND IN RESPONSE TO HUMORAL STIMULI.
Term
INSULIN
Definition
A HORMONE PRODUCED BY THE PANCREAS IN RESPONSE TO HUMORAL STIMULI THAT DECREASES BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS.
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