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Chapter 9 Articulations
Joints
75
Anatomy
11th Grade
01/18/2010

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Cards

Term

What are the degrees of movement for each of the joints below:

1.Amphiartrosis

2. Diarthrosis

3.Syanrthrois

Definition

1. Slight Movement

2. Freely Moveable

3. No movement

Term
The amphiartrosis articulation that limits movements between the two pubic bones is:
Definition
The pubic symphysis
Term
The type of synarthrosis that binds each tooth to the sorrounding bony socket is a:
Definition
Gomphosis
Term

Which Joint is Synovial?

Knee

sagittal suture

interverbal disc

symphysis pubis?

Definition
knee
Term
The functions of the menisci in synovial fluids is:
Definition

1.to subdivide a synovial cavity

2.to channel the flow of synovial fluid

3.to allow for variations in the shapes of the articular surfaces.

Term
The functions of the synovial fluid that fills the joint cavity is:
Definition

1. nourishes chondrytes

2. provides lubrication

3.acts as a shock absorber

Term
Define flexion:
Definition
Movement that decrease the angle between articluating elements.
Term
Abduction and Aduction always refers to  the movement of what
Definition
the appendicular skeleton
Term
Movement that occur at the shoulder and hip represent the actions that occur at which joint?
Definition
ball and socket
Term
What is the reason the elbow and knee are called the hinge joint ?
Definition
Sliding and rotation are prevented , and angular motion is restricted to two directions 
Term
The type of joints that the connect the fingers and toes with the metacarpals and metatarpel are:
Definition

ellipsoidal

biaxial

synovial

Term
what are examples of angular motion?
Definition

flexion and extension

abduction and aduction

circumduction

 

Term
 The parts of the vertebral column that do not contain interverbral discs are:
Definition

sacrum

coccyx

first & second cervical vertebrae

Term
Movement of the vertebral column are limited to:
Definition

flexion and extension

lateral flexion

rotation

Term
The joint that permits the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body is the..
Definition
shoulder joint
Term
Why is the elbow joint so stable?
Definition

1. the bony surfaces of the humerus and ulna interlock

2. the articular capsule is very thick

3. the capsule is reinforced by stout ligaments

Term
what is an example of a monaxial joint?
Definition
Elbow and knee joint
Term
the knee functions as what type of joint?
Definition
hinge
Term
what are the reasons the points of contact in the knee joint are constantly changing?
Definition

1.there is no single unified capsule or common synovial cavity

2. the menisci conform to the shape of the surface of femur

3. the rounded femoral condyles roll across top of the tibia

Term
the reason the risk of fracture increases with age is:
Definition
bone mass decrease and bones become weaker.
Term
arthritis encompasses all the rheumatic diseases that affect :
Definition

synovial

mistaken immune responces

collagen formation

 

Term
the digestive and urinary are accosiated with the skeletal system because...
Definition
they provide calcium and phosphate minereals needed fo bone growth
Term
what is a synarthrotic joint found only in the skull..
Definition
suture
Term
a totally rigid immovable joint resulting from fusion of bones.
Definition
synotosis
Term
localized thickenings of the joint capsule are called:
Definition
instrinsic ligaments
Term
small synovial filled pocket that form where a tendon or ligament rubs against other tissue
Definition
bursae
Term
movement that reduces angle of articulating elements is
Definition
flexion
Term
movement in the wrist or hand in which the palm is turned forward
Definition
supination
Term
what permits a wide range of motion
Definition
synovial
Term
joints between the superior and inferior articulations of adjacent vertebrae are
Definition
gliding
Term
the tough outer layer of fibrocarilage on the interverbal discs is
Definition
anulus fibrosus
Term
the joint that permits the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body?
Definition
scapulohumeral
Term
radial, ulnar, and annular collateral ligaments provide stability for which joint?
Definition
elbow
Term
extremely stable joint that is almost completely enclosed in a bony socket is the:
Definition
hip joint
Term
the joint that contains three seperate articulations with an incomplete capsule is the..
Definition
knee
Term
cumulutive wear and tear at joint surface
Definition
osteoarthritis
Term
proccess that appears to encourage the repair of an injured joint by improving circulation of synovial fluids is called ?
Definition
contionous passive motion
Term
system which regulates bone postion by controlling muscle contractions is the
Definition
nervous
Term
define articulations:
Definition
joints where two bones interconnect
Term
what are the four major immoveable joints? and their functions.
Definition

sutures

gomphosis

synchondrosis

synotosis

Term
define sutures:
Definition
skull bones
Term
define gomphosis:
Definition
bind teeth
Term
define syndchondrosis:
Definition
form a rigid cartliganeous bridge between two articulating bones
Term
define synotosis:
Definition
totaly immovable joint
Term
two slighlty moveable joints:
Definition

symphysis

syndesmosis

Term
define symphasis:
Definition
articulating bones sepereated by a wedge of fibrous cartilage
Term
define syndesmosis:
Definition
bone connected by ligament
Term
Movement away from the longitudial axis of the body in the frontal plane is
Definition
abduction
Term
opposing movement of supination
Definition
pronation
Term
what enables the thumb to grasp and hold objects?
Definition
opposition
Term
a characteristic decrease in height with advanced age may result from
Definition
decreased water content of the nucleus pulposus in an interverbal disc
Term
when the nucleus pulposus breaks through the anulus and enters the vertebral canal the result is an
Definition
herinated disc
Term
contraction of the bicepes brachii muscle produce:
Definition
supination of the forearm and flexion of the elbow
Term
compromise of the articulations in the appendicular skeleton is
Definition
the stronger the joint, the more restricted the range of motion
Term
even though the specific cause may vary, arthritis always involves damage to the:
Definition
articular cartilages
Term
a process on the surface of a shoulder joint is:
Definition
acromion
Term
structures found in synovial joints that reduce friction
Definition
bursae
Term
a complete dislocation of the knee is extremely unlikely because:
Definition
the seven major ligaments that stabalize the knee joint
Term
the continous passive motion of any injured joint appears to encourage the repair proccess by?
Definition
improving the circulation of synovial fluids
Term
a meniscus of articular disc whithin a synovial joint, may
Definition

subdivide a synovial cavity

channel a flow of synovial fluids

allow for variations in the shapes of the articular surface

Term
rotation of the forarm that makes the palm face posterioly is:
Definition
pronation
Term
what is a tnder nodule around bursae over the base of the great toe?
Definition
bunion
Term
rhutmic disease that affect synovial joints result in the development of
Definition
arthritis
Term
a rigid cartliganeous connection such as an epiphyseal plate is called a
Definition
synchondrosis
Term
the amphiarthrotic distal articulation between the tibia and fibula is
Definition
syndosmosis
Term
the joint accessory structur that may subdivide a synovial cavity
Definition
menisci
Term
what provides protection for articular cartilages
Definition
fat pads
Term
arthritis always involves damage to the
Definition
articular cartilage
Term
movement that allows you to gaze at ceiling?
Definition
hyperextension
Term
general term for pain affecting the skeletal or muscular system
Definition
rheutmatism
Term
structure that pass across a joint that may limit range of motion and provide mechenical supporrt?
Definition
tendon
Term
when articulating surfaces are forced out of position the displacement is called?
Definition
luxation
Term
anoulous fibrosus and nucleus pulposes are structures composing the
Definition
interverbal discs
Term
define menisci:
Definition

a pad of fibrous cartilage situated between the oposing bones within a synovial joint.

 

Term
define fat pads:
Definition
mass of adipose tissue covered by a layer of synovial membrane.
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