Term
| Who were the progressives? |
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Definition
| Reformers in the late 1800s, working to improve society. They wanted to solve problems such as crime, disease, and poverty that were being made worse by fast industrial and urban growth. |
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Term
| True or false: Middle class individuals had no time or training to organize reform movements. |
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Definition
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Term
| How did journalists help give life to the progressive movement? |
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Definition
| By writing about corruption in business & politics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Journalists who "raked up" and exposed the muck or filth of society. |
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Term
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Definition
| A muckraker who wrote articles attacking John D. Rockefellers Standard Oil Company |
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Term
| Who was Lincoln Steffens? |
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Definition
| Reporter who wrote about scandals in city politics in some of the first muckraking articles. |
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Term
| What was the reaction of readers of the corruption that Steffens revealed. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some things muckrakers wrote about? |
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Definition
| Child labor, racial discrimination, and slum housing. |
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Term
| What did worries about political corruption cause? |
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Definition
| It caused some progressives to focus their efforts on state and local government. |
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Term
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Definition
| It allowed voters to choose candidates for office directly rather than leave it to party leaders to select them. |
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Term
| What was the 17th Ammendment? |
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Definition
| Allowed Americans to vote directly for U.S. senators. |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which unhappy voters can sign a petition asking for a special vote. |
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Term
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Definition
| Procedure in which voters can propose a new law by collection signatures on a petition. |
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Term
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Definition
| Procedure which permits voters to approve or reject a law that has already been proposed or passed by state or local governments. |
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Term
| Who was Robert M. La Follette? |
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Definition
| A Republican who challanged the power of Party bosses. |
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Term
| What weas the Wisconsin Idea? |
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Definition
| A program that set out to reduce the power of political machines and make use of the cooperation between experts at the University of Wisconsin, and state government officials. |
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Term
| What drew many immigrants and native born Americans to U.S. cities? |
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Definition
| They were looking for work. |
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Term
| What was life like in the cities? |
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Definition
| Many were crowded into broken-down tenements, and lived in unclean and unsafe buildings. |
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Term
| What did progressives do to address the problems of unclean & unsafe living conditions in the cities? |
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Definition
| They passed teh NY State Tenement House Act, which made it illegal to build poorly lit and airless tenements. It required better ventilation & running water. |
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Term
| What did urban reforms lead to? |
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Definition
| New professions such as city planning and civil engineering. |
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Term
| What did city planners do? |
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Definition
| They worked with local leaders to control city growth. They passed zoning laws, wrote safer building codes and opened public parks. |
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Term
| What did civil engineers do? What did sanitation engineers do? |
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Definition
| Civil engineers planned street paving and bridge building projects. Sanitation engineers tried to solve waste and water problems. Death rated dropped a great deal in areas where these problems were addressed. Such progressive improvements gave U.S. cities some of the best public services in the world. |
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Term
| What happened when progressive leaders worked to reform education? |
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Definition
| The number of children going to school began increasing in the late 1800s. States passed laws requiring children to go to school. Reformers pushed for new public high schools with courses in citizenship, health and job training. Many progressives started kindergarten programs to help poor city children. |
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Term
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Definition
| A key supporter of early child education. |
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Term
| Who was Joseph McCormack? |
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Definition
| The leader of the American Medical Association. (AMA) |
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