• Began with the inaguration of James Monroe
• marked by a spirit of nationalism, optimisism and goodwill
• Federalists now gone, percesption of unity and harmony domintated by republicans however this was oversimplified still heated debates about national bank internal imrpovements etc.
• actual period was from 1816 to panic of 1819

• pres. 1816-1824 during the Era of Good Feelings
• Republican succesor to James Madison which continued the "Virginia Dynasty"
• Aquired Florida, Missouri compromise and Monroe Doctrine

• the young in the country excited about prospects of the new nation expanding westward- believed country entering a new era of prosperity
• Patriotic themes infused every aspect of American Society from paintings to school books, patriatism clearly evident
• Subsidizing internal improvements and protecting budding U.S. industries form European competition was a second aspect- Economic

• Before war of 1812 congress leviewd low tariffs on imports as a method for raising government revenue
• After Congress raised the tariff rates on certain goods for the express purpose od protecting US manufacturers form ruin
• A protective tariff (from cheap British goods)

Henry Clay of kentucky, leader in House of Reps, proposed method for advancing the nations economic growth

1. protective tariffs
2. national bank
3. internal improvements

All enacted but internal improvements b/c moroes and Madison said Constitution didnt explicitly provide for the spending of federal money on roads and canals

chartered in 1816 during last year of madisons presidency b/c the First national bank of Hamilton's charter was left to expire

Basically the first national bank

• first major financial panic since the Constitution had been ratified
• Largley a fault of the Second Bank of the US which had tightened credit in a belated effort to control inflation which caused Money to deflate fall in value and caused large increases in unemployment bankruptcies
• Depression most sevre in west where strong oppoition to natianal bank and debtors prisons began

• Federalist offical appoointed to the Supreme court by John Adams- Cheif Justice
• Decisions favored the central government and the rights of property against the advocated of states rights
• Marbury V. Madison first landmark case

• case involving land fraud in Georgia
• state could not pass legislation invalidating a contract
• first time Supreme Court declared a state law to be unconstitutional and invalid

• Federal government had the implied power to create the bank
• State could not tax a federal institution b/c power  power to tax is the power to destroy
• Federal laws are supreme over state laws

• Dartmouth College changed from privatly chartered college into a public institution
• Marshal Court struck down the state law as uncaonsitutional, arguing that a contract for a pvt corporation could not be altered by the state

• New York wanted to grant monopoly to a steamboat company if that action conflicted with a charter authorized by Congress
• NY monopoly was uncostitutional, Marshall established the Fed gvts broad ctrl of interstate commerce

• prohibited the further introduction of slaves into missouri
• required the children of missouri slaves ot be emancipated at the age of 25
• If adopted would have led to the gradual elimination of slavery in Missouri
• Admendment defeated in the Senate as enraged southerners saw it as the first step in a northern effort to abolish slavery in all states

• North and South wanted to balence the votes
• Missouri had a history of Slave when it applied to become a slave state

in the end CLay proposal won majority

1. Missori was ot be admitted as a slaveholding state
2. Maine was to be admittted as a free state
3. In the rest of the LA territoty north of lattitude 36 30 slavery was prohibited

An military leader sent in 1815 to force rulers of North Africa  to allow American shipping free use of th eMediterranean

• Limited naval armament on the Great Lakes
• In time the agreement was extended to place limits on border fortifications
• Longest unfortified boundry in the world

• Shared fishing rights off the coast of Newfoundland
• Joint occupation of the Oregon Territory for ten years
• The setting of the northern limits of the LA territory at the 49th parallel establishing the western US-Canada boundry Line

• General commisioned by Monroe to stop raiders from Florida who where there because of a Weak Spanish gvt who was fighting Revolts in SA
• Jackson carried out his orders with vengeance led a force of militia into Florida, destroyed seminol villages, and hanged two seminol cheifs
• Captured pensacola and drove Spanish governor out, many feared this overzealousness would start a war with Spain and Britian but John Quincy Adams persuaded Monroe to support Jackson

• Spain worried US  would seize florida by force wanted to get best possible terms for Florida
• Spain turned over the rest of western florida along wih all of the east and its own claims to the Oregon Territory to the US
• In exchange US agreed to assume 5 million dollars in claims against spain and give up ant claims to the Spanish province of Texas

• To protect N and S America form european agression
• Both US and Britain wanted it
• Britain- wantex to detrr the Spanish monarch from attempting a comeback in Latin America
• However Monroe put the doctrine out without having Britain being a coauthor
• Stated US was opposed to attempts by a European Power to interfere in the affairs of any Republic in the Western hemisphere

• connected Philidelphia with the rich farmlands around Lancaster
• Its success stimulated the construction of other privatly built short toll troads that, by the mid 1820s, connected most of the countrys major cities

• National road, a paved Highway and major route to the west extending more than a 1000 miles from Maryland to Illinois
• Unlike other roads used bothe Federal and State money

• completed in 1825 linked economies of western farms and eastern cities
• Its succes touched off a frenzy canal-buiolding in other states
• Canals joined all the major lakes and rivers east of the Mississippi
• Improved Transportation meant lower food prices in the East, more immigranrs settling in the west and stronger economic ties between 2 sections

developed the Clermont a steamboat that made voyage up the Hudson River

Made travel on Rivers faster and Cheaper

• changed small towns to citys like Cleveland Detroit and Chicago
• Competed with the Canals as an alternative method for  carrying passengers and freight after saftey issues cleared up

• invented the cotton gin in 1793 and interchangebal parts got rifles
• became the basis for mass production methods in the new northern factories

• emigrated form Britain and took with him the secrets for biilding cotton-spinning machines
• Established the first US factory in 1791

organized to combate low pay poor conditionsand long hours

prime goals

• Ruduce workday to 10 hrs

• However therewere many obstacles like immigrant replacement workers, state laws outlawing unions and frequent economic depressions with high  unemployment

• transformed the agriculture of the South
• Now they could easily seperate fiber from the seeds
• Southern planters found cotton more profitable then tobacco and indigo

• the end of self sufficient households and a growing interdependence among people
• Farmers fed the workeras in the cities who in turn provided farm families with an array of mass-produced goods
• Gap between the very wealthy and very poor increased
• Social mobility did occur and oppurtunities were greater then in europe
• Slavery still an issue as Missori Compromise suggested