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Chapter 8
Pancreas
42
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/03/2008

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Term
Acini cells
Definition
cells that perform exocrine function
Term
amylase
Definition
enzyme secreted by pancreas, digestion of carbs
Term
body of pancreas
Definition
midepigastrium, anterior to SMA/SMV,AO,IVC
Term
caudal pancreatic artery
Definition
branch of splenic A. supplies tail
Term
c-loop of duodenum
Definition
lateral border of head
Term
common hepatic artery
Definition
right superior border of body/head. gives rise to GDA
Term
courvoisier's gallbladder
Definition
enlargement of gallbladder caused by slow progressive obstruction of distal CBD from external mass (adenocarcinoma of head)
Term
cystic fibrosis
Definition
hereditary disease, excessive production of mucus by endocrine glands. fatty replacement of glands
Term
dorsal oabcreatuc artert
Definition
branch of splenic A. supplies the body
Term
duct of Santorini
Definition
accessory duct of pancreas found in head
Term
duct of wirsung
Definition
largest duct of the pancreas, drains tail, body and head. joins CBD enters duodenum through ampulla of Vater
Term
endocrine
Definition
production of hormone insulin
Term
exocrine
Definition
production and digestion of pancreatic juice. primary function of pancreas
Term
glucagon
Definition
stimulates liver to convert glycogen to glucose. produced by alpha cells. increases blood sugar level.
Term
head of pancreas
Definition
lies in C-loop of duodenum. anterolateral border is GDA, posterolateral is CBD
Term
hypercalcemia
Definition
elevated levels of calcium in blood
Term
hyperlipidemia
Definition
congenital condition, elevated fat levels cause pancreatitis
Term
hyperlipidemia
Definition
congenital condition, elevated fat levels causing pancreatitis
Term
ileus
Definition
dilated loops of lowel without peristalsis. pancreatitis, sickle cell crisis, bowel obstruction.
Term
insulin
Definition
hormone that converts glucose to glycogen. cells take up glucose to decrease blood sugar
Term
islets of Langerhans
Definition
small cells that comprise the endocrine portion. production of insulin, glucagon, somatostatin
Term
leukocytosis
Definition
increase on white blood cells caused by infections.
Term
lipase
Definition
enzyme that breaks down fat. remains increased longer than amylase
Term
lymphoma
Definition
malignany neoplasm rising from lymphoid tissues
Term
neck of pancreas
Definition
anterior to the SMV or portal-splenic confluence.
Term
obstructive jaundice
Definition
excessive bilirubin in bloodstream caused by obstruction of bile from liver. yellow eye color, skin and mucous membranes
Term
pancreatic acities
Definition
pancreatic pseudocyst ruptures into abdomen. free-floating pancreatic enzymes are dangerous to surrounding structures
Term
pancreatic pseudocyst
Definition
"sterile abscess" collection of pancreatic enzymes that accumulate in the available space in abdomen (usually near pancreas)
Term
pancreaticoduodenal arteries
Definition
supply blood to the pancreas along with splenic artery
Term
obstructive jaundice
Definition
excessive bilirubin in bloodstream caused by obstruction of bile from liver. yellow eye color, skin and mucous membranes
Term
pancreatitis
Definition
inflammation of pancreas, acute or chronic
Term
portal-splenic confluence
Definition
junction of splenic and main protal vein. posterior border of body
Term
pseudocyst
Definition
space containing fluid but no true endotheiial lining membrane
Term
serum amylase
Definition
pancreatic enzyme elevated during pancreatitis
Term
superior mesenteric artery
Definition
posterior border to body
Term
superior mesenteric vein
Definition
posterior to the neck/body; anterior to uncinate process
Term
tail of pancreas
Definition
left hypochondrium hear hilus of spleen and upper pole of kidney
Term
uncinate process
Definition
small curved tip of pancreatic head. lies posterior to SMV
Term
pancreas measurments
Definition
length 14-18cm; A/P 3 x 2 x 2 cm (head,body, tail)
Term
splenic vein
Definition
runs from splenic hilum along posterior aspect of pancreas
Term
splenic artery
Definition
tortuous course along superior border of pancreatic body/tail
Term
Common hepatic artery
Definition
from celiac axis along superior margin of first portion of the duodenum.
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