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Chapter 8 Group 9
121-145
25
Anatomy
11th Grade
01/09/2012

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Term
OLFACTORY RECEPTORS
Definition
RECEPTORS FOR THE SENSE OF SMELL(1,000'S OCCUPY THE AREA OF ONE POSTAGE STAMP) IN THE ROOF OF EACH NASAL CAVITY.
Term
OLFACTORY RECEPTOR CELLS
Definition
NEURONS EQUIPPED WITH OLFACTORY HAIRS.
Term
OLFACTORY HAIRS
Definition
LONG CILIA THAT PROTRUDE FROM THE NASAL EPITHELIUM AND ARE CONTINUOUSLY BATHED BY A LAYER OF MUCOSA.
Term
OLFACTORY FILAMENTS
Definition
BUNDLED AXONS OF OLFACTORY NEURONS THAT COLLECTIVELY MAKE UP THE OLFACTORY NERVE.
Term
OLFACTORY NERVE
Definition

CRANIAL NERVE I;

A NERVE THAT REGISTERS SMELLS BY CARRYING THE IMPULSES FOR THE SENSE OF SMELL FROM THE NOSE TO THE BRAINOLFACTORY NERVES CONTINUOUSLY REGENERATE. THE OLFACTORY NERVES ARE THE ONLY NERVES IN THE HUMAN BODY KNOW TO POSSESS THIS REMARKABLE CAPACITY FOR

SELF-RENEWAL.

Term
ANOSMIAS
Definition
OLFACTORY DISORDERS; MOST RESULT FROM HEAD INJURY, NASAL CAVITY INFLAMATION, OR AGING.
Term
OLFACTORY AURAS
Definition
HALLUCINATIONS; EXPERIENCED BY SOME EPILEPTICS JUST BEFORE THEIR SEIZURES.
Term
TASTE BUDS
Definition
SPECIFIC RECEPTORS FOR TASTE. 10,000 TASTEBUDS MOSTLY ON THE TOUNGE; SOME SCATTERED ON THE PALATE AND INNER CHEEKS.
Term
GUSTATORY CELLS
Definition
SPECIFIC CELLS THAT RESPOND TO THE CHEMICALS DISOLVED IN THE EPITHELIAL CELLS
Term
FACIAL NERVE
Definition
THE NERVE OF FACIAL EXPRESSIONS; SERVES THE ANTERIOR PART OF THE NERVE.
Term
BASAL CELLS
Definition
STEM CELLS FOUND IN THE DEEP REGIONS OF THE TASTE BUDS.
Term
UMAMI
Definition
JAPANESE WORD FOR DELICIOUS.
Term
STRABISMUS
Definition
CROSSED EYES; RESULTS FROM THE UNEQUAL PULLS BY THE EXTERNAL EYE MUSCLES THAT PREVENT THE BODY FROM COORDINATING MOVEMENT OF THE 2 EYES.
Term

OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM

(CONJUNCTIVITIS)

Definition
A BABY'S EYES BECOME RED AND SWOLLEN DURING BIRTH; CAUSED BY THE MOTHER HAVING A SECUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE.
Term
PRESBYOPIA
Definition
OLD-VISION; RESULTS FROM DECREASING LENS ELASTICITY THAT ACCOMPANIES AGING; DIFFICULTY WITH CLOSE VISION (FARSIGHTEDNESS)
Term
PRESBYCUSIS
Definition
A TYPE OF SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS
Term
OTOSCLERIOUS
Definition
WHEN THE EAR OSSICLES FUSE; CAUSING A HEARING PROBLEM.
Term
RUBELLA
Definition
MEASLES; OCCURS DURING EARLY PREGNANCY; MAY LEAD TO CONGENITAL BLINDNESS.
Term
VAGUS NERVE
Definition

THE 10TH CRANIAL NERVE, OR THE WANDERING NERVE.

 

THE VAGUS NERVE HELPS TO REGULATE THE HEART BEAT, CONTROL MUSCLE MOVEMENT, KEEPS A PERSON BREATHING, AND TRANSMITS A VARIETY OF CHEMICALS THROUGH THE BODY. IT IS ALSO RESPONSIBLE FOR KEEPING THE DIGESTIVE TRACT IN WORKING ORDERCONTRACTING THE MUSCLES OF THE STOMACH AND INTESTINES TO HELP PROCESS FOODAND SENDING BACK INFORMATION ABOUT WHAT IS BEING DIGESTED AND WHAT THE BODY IS GETTING OUT OF IT.

Term
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE
Definition
THE NINTH CRANIAL NERVE;  SUPPLIES THE TOUNGE, THROAT, AND ONE OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS; PROBLEMS WITH THIS NERVE RESULTS IN TROUBLE TASTING AND SWALLOWING. 
Term
PAPILLAE
Definition
SMALL PEG-LIKE PROJECTIONS ON THE DORSAL TOUNGE.
Term
TASTE PORE
Definition
THE MINUTE OPENING OF A TASTE BUD ON THE SURFACE OF THE ORAL MUCOSA THROUGH WHICH THE GUSTATORY HAIRS OF THE SPECIALIZED NEUROEPITHELIAL GUSTATORY CELLS PROJECT.
Term

GUSTATORY HAIRS

(MICROVILLI)

Definition
 HAIRS THAT PROJECT OFF OF THE GUSTATORY RECEPTOR CELLS OF THE TOUNG SURFACE. THE MICROVILLE SWEEP THE PASSING SALIVA FOR DISSOLVED FOOD MOLECUES AND SEND NERVE IMPULSES TO THE BRAIN TO BE INTERPRETED AS TASTE.                                        
Term

CIRCUMVALLATE PAPILLAE

(VALLATE PAPILLAE)

Definition

 ANY OF THE USUALLY 8-12 LARGE PAPILLAE NEAR THE BACK OF THE TOUNGE; EACH IS SURROUNDED WITH A MARGINAL SULCUS AND SUPPLIED WITH TASTE BUDS RESPONSIVE TO BITTER FLAVORS. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Term
FUNGIFORM PAPILLAE
Definition
THE FUNGIFORM PAPILLAE ARE MUSHROOM SHAPED PAPILLAE (PROJECTIONS) ON THE TOUNGE. THEY ARE LOACTED ON THE TOP (DORSAL) SURFACE OF THE TOUNGE. THEY HAVE TASTE BUDS ON THEIR SUPERIOR (UPPER) SURFACE WHICH CAN DISTINGUISH 5 TASTES: SWEET, SOUR, BITTER, SALTY, AND UNAMI.
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