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Chapter 7
Axial Skeleton
25
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
03/08/2014

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Term
Sphenoid bone
Definition
Floating in the skull

"Keystone of the cranium"
Term
Hyoid bone
Definition
Only bone that does not articulate with other bones
Term
Cervical vertebrae
Definition
Seven (C1-C12)

Contain transverse foramen (where veins and arteries pass through)
Term
C1
Definition
Atlas

Holds up the head
Term
C2
Definition
Axis

Provides a pivot
Term
Thoracic vertebrae
Definition
Twelve (T1-T12)

Larger and stronger than cervical vertebrae
Term
Lumbar vertebrae
Definition
Five (L1-L5)

Largest and strongest vertebrae section

Weight bearing vertebrae
Term
Sacrum vertebrae
Definition
One (5 fused bones)

Strong foundation for pelvic girdle
Term
Coccyx
Definition
Two-Four (4 fused bones)
Term
Cervical curve
Definition
Convex
Term
Thoracic curve
Definition
Concave
Term
Sacrum curve
Definition
Concave
Term
Lumbar curve
Definition
Convex
Term
Lordosis
Definition
Abnormal lumbar curvature

Occurs during pregnancy and "King's bellies"
Term
Kyphosis
Definition
Increased thoracic curvature
Term
Scoliosis
Definition
Lateral curvature
Term
Inter-vertebral discs
Definition
Form 25% of one's height

Stretch during sleep, become shorter in the morning
Term
Superior articulating process (SAP)
Definition
Attaches overlying vertebrae
Term
Inferior articulating process (IAP)
Definition
Attaches underlying vertebrae
Term
True ribs
Definition
Attach directly to the sternum

7 in the body
Term
False ribs
Definition
Attach indirectly to the sternum via elongated cartilage

3 in the body
Term
Floating ribs
Definition
Are not attached to the sternum in any way

Protect the kidneys

2 in the body
Term
Manubrium
Definition
Superior portion of the sternum

Articulates with costal cartilage of 1st and 2nd ribs
Term
Body
Definition
Middle section of sternum

Articulates with costal cartilage of remaining ribs
Term
Xiphoid process
Definition
Smallest end part of sternum

Provides attachment for abdominal muscles
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